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11.
Lei Ma Geert Seuren Robert van Rijsinge Corné Bastiaansen Leon van der Dussen 《Journal of Electronic Testing》2007,23(6):559-567
In this paper, a design-based structural testing method is presented to enable a fast, low cost test for a switched-resistor
digital-to-analogue converter (DAC). A 24-bit stereo DAC is used to demonstrate this. After schematic-level simulations and
experimental verification, it is found that the dynamic parameter THD can be predicted by the static test. Practical production
wafer test and final test results evaluate this structural test method by comparing it with the traditional THD test method.
In this paper the simulation results, the relevant measurement results, and the testing results are discussed. Finally, the
application recommendations are given.
相似文献
Leon van der DussenEmail: |
12.
Two kinds of CACs with different monocalcium aluminate(CA) contents were used in the PC/CAC(PAC) mixtures. Effects of CA and CACs on the properties of PAC were analyzed by setting times and the compressive strength tests, and also by means of calorimetry, XRD, DTA-TG and ESEM. The experimental results show that the compressive strength of the PAC mortars decreases with increasing content of CAC while it declines sharply with a higher content of CA in CAC. Compared with neat PC paste, the content of calcium hydroxide in hydrates of PAC paste decreases significantly, and the hydration time of PC is prominently prolonged. Additionally, the higher the content of CA in CAC, the more obviously the hydration of PC is delayed, confi rming that the CA phase in CAC plays an important role in the delay of PC hydration. 相似文献
13.
Dr. Sjors Maassen Britt Coenen Sarah-Luisa Dülk Martijn van der Werff Dr. Harry Warner Dr. Fabio Spada Dr. Thomas Frischmuth Dr. Danny Incarnato Prof. Dr. Geert van den Bogaart 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2023,24(5):e202200658
The identification of pseudo- and N1-methylpseudo-uridine (Ψ and mΨ, respectively) as immunosilent uridine analogues has propelled the development of mRNA-based vaccines and therapeutics. Here, we have characterised another uridine analogue, 5-ethynyluridine (EU), which has an ethynyl moiety. We show that this uridine analogue does not cause immune activation in human macrophages, as it does not induce interleukin-6 secretion or expression of the inflammatory and antiviral genes MX1, PKR, and TAP2. Moreover, EU allows for prolonged expression, as shown with mRNA coding for yellow fluorescent protein (YFP). Side-by-side comparisons of EU with unmodified, Ψ, and mΨ revealed that EU-modified mRNA is expressed at lower levels, but confers similar stability and low immunogenicity to the other uridine analogues. Furthermore, structure analysis of modified mRNAs suggests that the observed phenotype is largely independent of RNA folding. Thus, EU is a potential candidate for RNA-based vaccines and therapeutics. 相似文献
14.
Geert R. Verheyen Filip Meersman Isabelle Noyens Sarah Goossens Sabine Van Miert 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2023,125(3):2200193
The depletion of natural resources, the increasing use of valuable land surface for human activities, and the generation of waste are detrimental to the planet. Sustainable alternatives to guarantee a sufficient supply of food, feed, and biomaterials are needed. Insects may hold an interesting position in a circular economy to tackle contemporary societal challenges. Using insects for food, feed, biomaterial production, and to valorize side-streams, have gained increased interest. Mealworms are amenable to large-scale farming. Herein, the potential of mealworm oil for implementation in a cosmetic hand cream is evaluated. It is shown that mealworms are rich in oil (≈30% of the dry weight), and the oil can be extracted using hexane or ethyl acetate as a solvent. The euthanization step of mealworms has profound effect on the free fatty acid content. The fatty acid profile indicates a large proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, which is promising for use in cosmetic applications. In a proof of concept, the mealworm oil is implemented in a hand cream and compared to hand cream containing macadamia nut oil. No differences in odor and aspect/stability are observed, but mealworm creams are slightly less white color. Mealworm oil is suitable for cosmetics applications. Practical applications: Several insect species can be sustainably reared on low-value organic side-streams, requiring only small amounts of land-surface, less water, and producing less greenhouse gases. In addition, they have short life cycles and can be reared continuously and locally. This implies that insects are an interesting source of biological materials including proteins and oils. Insect oils, including oil of mealworms, have interesting fatty acid profiles that make them amenable to replace oils of vegetable origin for applications within cosmetics. The results indicate that mealworm oil can be a novel, sustainable ingredient for use in the cosmetics industry. 相似文献
15.
Archis A. Yawalkar Albertus B. M. Heesink Geert F. Versteeg Vishwas G. Pangarkar 《加拿大化工杂志》2002,80(5):791-799
Gas hold‐up (?G) in air‐aqueous electrolyte solutions in stirred tank reactors (STR) is correlated using a relative gas dispersion parameter, N/Ncd and a surface tension factor (STF), (c/z)(dδ/dc)2. For electrolyte concentration below transition concentration (ct) a single correlation in the form of ?G = f(N/Ncd, vvm, STF) shows good agreement with gas hold‐up data over a wide range of system and operating conditions. Above ct no effect of STF on gas hold‐up is observed and the correlation obtained is of the form ?G = f(N/Ncd, vvm). Data available in the literature on large STR show good fit with the proposed correlation. 相似文献
16.
Archis A. Yawalkar Albertus B. M. Heesink Geert F. Versteeg Vishwas G. Pangarkar 《加拿大化工杂志》2002,80(5):840-848
Volumetric gas—liquid mass transfer coefficient (kLa) data available in the literature for larger tanks (T = 0.39 m to 2.7 m) have been analyzed on the basis of relative dispersion parameter, N/Ncd. It was observed that at a given superficial gas velocity (VG), kLa values were approximately the same irrespective of geometric configuration (size of the tank, type and size of the impellers, type of the sparger, etc.) at a particular N/Ncd. A single correlation based on N/Ncd is presented which shows satisfactory agreement with the kLa data of different workers. 相似文献
17.
元强 《武汉理工大学学报(材料科学英文版)》2013,28(3):548-556
Chloride binding is often described by chloride binding isotherm, which is closely related to the service life of concrete structures in chloride environments. Many methods have been proposed to determine chloride binding isotherm. Compared to other methods, chloride binding isotherms obtained directly from nonsteady-state diffusion tests seem closer to the reality. We studied the chloride binding isotherm from both nonsteady-state electrical-accelerated migration and diffusion tests at different temperatures. Twelve concrete mixes with different supplementary cementing materials and water-to-binder ratios of 0.35, 0.48 and 0.6 were cast for study. The specimens after diffusion (or migration) tests were sliced layer by layer, and acid-soluble and free chloride contents of each layer were measured. A chloride binding isotherm was obtained from one specimen. Experimental results indicated that electrical voltage had a slight effect on the chloride binding isotherm of concrete. Temperature had a positive effect on chloride binding. The higher the water-to-binder ratio was, the higher the chloride binding was. 相似文献
18.
Eline Saenen Nele Horemans Nathalie Vanhoudt Hildegarde Vandenhove Geert Biermans May Van Hees Jean Wannijn Jaco Vangronsveld Ann Cuypers 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(6):12405-12423
To evaluate the environmental impact of uranium (U) contamination, it is important to investigate the effects of U at ecologically relevant conditions. Since U speciation, and hence its toxicity, strongly depends on environmental pH, the present study aimed to investigate dose-dependent effects of U at pH 7.5. Arabidopsis thaliana plants (Mouse-ear Cress) were exposed for three days to different U concentrations at pH 7.5. In the roots, the increased capacities of ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase indicate an important role for the ascorbate-glutathione cycle during U-induced stress. However, a significant decrease in the ascorbate redox state was observed after exposure to 75 and 100 µM U, indicating that those roots are severely stressed. In accordance with the roots, the ascorbate-glutathione cycle plays an important role in the antioxidative defence systems in A. thaliana leaves exposed to U at pH 7.5 as the ascorbate and glutathione biosynthesis were upregulated. In addition, small inductions of enzymes of the antioxidative defence system were observed at lower U concentrations to counteract the U-induced stress. However, at higher U concentrations it seems that the antioxidative defence system of the leaves collapses as reductions in enzyme activities and gene expression levels were observed. 相似文献
19.
运用环境扫描电镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射等微观分析手段研究了稳定环境中,半浸泡混凝土试件在硫酸钠和硫酸镁溶液中的劣化破坏特征,以及混凝土碳化对"混凝土硫酸盐结晶破坏"的影响。结果表明:粗骨料界面过渡区生成的大量钙矾石和石膏等晶体是引起混凝土试件劣化的原因;在碳化混凝土内发现了硫酸钠结晶破坏现象。 相似文献
20.
Pyrethrins Protect Pyrethrum Leaves Against Attack by Western Flower Thrips, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Frankliniella occidentalis</Emphasis> 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yang T Stoopen G Wiegers G Mao J Wang C Dicke M Jongsma MA 《Journal of chemical ecology》2012,38(4):370-377
Pyrethrins are active ingredients extracted from pyrethrum flowers (Tanacetum cinerariifolium), and are the most widely used botanical insecticide. However, several thrips species are commonly found on pyrethrum flowers
in the field, and are the dominant insects found inside the flowers. Up to 80 % of western flower thrips (WFT, Frankliniella occidentalis) adults died within 3 days of initiating feeding on leaves of pyrethrum, leading us to evaluate the role of pyrethrins in
the defense of pyrethrum leaves against WFT. The effects of pyrethrins on WFT survival, feeding behavior, and reproduction
were measured both in vitro and in planta (infiltrated leaves). The lethal concentration value (LC50) for pyrethrins against WFT adults was 12.9 mg/ml, and pyrethrins
at 0.1 % (w/v) and 1 % (w/v) had significantly negative effects on feeding, embryo development, and oviposition. About 20-70 %
of WFT were killed within 2 days when they were fed chrysanthemum leaves containing 0.01-1 % pyrethrins. Chrysanthemum leaves
containing 0.1 % or 1 % pyrethrins were significantly deterrent to WFT. In a no-choice assay, the reproduction of WFT was
reduced significantly when the insects were fed leaves containing 0.1 % pyrethrins, and no eggs were found in leaves containing
1 % pyrethrins. Our results suggest that the natural concentrations of pyrethrins in the leaves may be responsible for the
observed high mortality of WFT on pyrethrum. 相似文献