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991.
Mònica Toldrà Dolors Parés Elena Saguer Carmen Carretero 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2020,55(2):871-877
Spleen is a low commercial value meat by-product from industrial slaughterhouses that is mostly underutilised. In this study, porcine spleens were processed to obtain two protein fractions (i.e. soluble and insoluble extracts in sodium citrate buffer 0.1 m pH 5) and the potential of using them to replace functional ingredients in cooked sausages was assessed. Specifically, a pasteurised insoluble protein extract was used as soy protein replacer in mortadella-type sausages, whereas spray-dried soluble proteins were used instead of sodium caseinate in Frankfurt-type sausages. Both splenic extracts performed well as functional ingredients since no differences in proximate composition, emulsion stability, water-holding capacity or texture were found. The only differences were found in the colour of the sausages containing the soluble protein extract, because of the haem and myoglobin content in this ingredient. The results showed that spleens could be a suitable source of non-allergenic functional proteins for meat products. 相似文献
992.
Vincenzo Sicari Monica Rosa Loizzo Teresa M. Pellicanò Angelo M. Giuffrè Marco Poiana 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2020,55(2):861-870
Strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa cv. Cadonga) are highly perishable fruits with a storage life, which may be less than a week. In this study, Aloe arborescens gel was used as post-harvest treatment in order to maintain strawberry quality. Strawberries coated with edible A. arborescens gel were packaged in a polypropylene box and stored. Fruit titratable acidity, pH, soluble solid content, ascorbic acid, total phenols, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins and antioxidant activity evaluated by two different tests (DPPH and ABTS) were measured during 14 days of storage. Significant differences were found (P < 0.05) for the samples treated with A. arborescens compared to the control. During conservation, use of Aloe gel maintained lower values for total soluble solids, a higher concentration of total phenols and ascorbic acid, and a better antioxidant activity when compared to the control. The anthocyanin content remained largely unchanged throughout, in all compared samples. 相似文献
993.
994.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Sodeikat Robin Groschup Dipl.-Geophys. Franz Knab Dipl.-Ing. Dipl.-Wirtsch.Ing. Philipp Obermeier Dipl.-Ing. 《Beton- und Stahlbetonbau》2019,114(10):707-723
Monitoring of prestressed constructions with Acoustic Emission technique to detect wire breaks Acoustic Emission technique (AE) is successfully used for decades in material research, material testing in laboratory and in structural health monitoring, in machine building industry and plant engineering. Although AE has repeatedly proven its suitability for detecting damage, the method is not yet commonly used in civil engineering outside the laborytory. In Germany, several bridges are monitored permanently with AE to detect damage like prestressing wire breaks or breaks in welding seams [1]. AE to detect wire breaks is recommended for prestressed buildings with risk of stress crack corrosion, other crack risks or for buildings which cannot be inspected according the required standards. In this paper, examples for AE monitoring to detect wire breaks on bridges are shown. Furthermore, tests with the rebound hammer and wire breaks induced by cutting were executed and analysed. To confirm the test results and to provide better visualization and understanding of underlying wave phenomena, two numeric simulations of the sound wave propagation have been conducted. 相似文献
995.
Franz Knab Dipl.-Ing. Dipl.-Wirtsch.Ing. Franz Antretter Dipl.-Ing. 《Beton- und Stahlbetonbau》2019,114(1):14-23
Anchorages beyond approvals – the road to get an individual approval or a project-related type-approval In Germany, the required certificate of suitability for fixings and anchorages are national and European approvals and assessments. If these documents do not cover a planned application, an individual approval (ZiE) or a project-related type-approval (vBg) has to be obtained. The given article provides background information concerning anchorages and approvals and describes the procedure for getting a ZiE or vBg. For the necessary assessment, relevant themes and sources of information are compiled for the interested engineer. Furthermore, hints on job-site testing and typical problems during project course are given, rounded off by several examples concerning ZiEs. 相似文献
996.
Franz Tscheikner-Gratl Nicolas Caradot Frédéric Cherqui Joao P. Leitão Mehdi Ahmadi Jeroen G. Langeveld 《Urban Water Journal》2019,16(9):662-675
ABSTRACTSewer asset management gained momentum and importance in recent years due to economic considerations, since infrastructure maintenance and rehabilitation directly represent major investments. Because physical urban water infrastructure has life expectancies of up to 100 years or more, contemporary urban drainage systems are strongly influenced by historical decisions and implementations. The current decisions taken in sewer asset management will, therefore, have a long-lasting impact on the functionality and quality of future services provided by these networks. These decisions can be supported by different approaches ranging from various inspection techniques, deterioration models to assess the probability of failure or the technical service life, to sophisticated decision support systems crossing boundaries to other urban infrastructure. This paper presents the state of the art in sewer asset management in its manifold facets spanning a wide field of research and highlights existing research gaps while giving an outlook on future developments and research areas. 相似文献
997.
Akchheta Karki Gert‐Jan A. H. Wetzelaer Gollapalli Narayana Manjunatha Reddy Vojtech Ndady Martin Seifrid Franz Schauer Guillermo C. Bazan Bradley F. Chmelka Paul W. M. Blom Thuc‐Quyen Nguyen 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(20)
Characterizing the density of states (DOS) width accurately is critical in understanding the charge‐transport properties of organic semiconducting materials as broader DOS distributions lead to an inferior transport. From a morphological standpoint, the relative densities of ordered and disordered regions are known to affect charge‐transport properties in films; however, a comparison between molecular structures showing quantifiable ordered and disordered regions at an atomic level and its impact on DOS widths and charge‐transport properties has yet to be made. In this work, for the first time, the DOS distribution widths of two model conjugated polymer systems are characterized using three different techniques. A quantitative correlation between energetic disorder from band‐bending measurements and charge transport is established, providing direct experimental evidence that charge‐carrier mobility in disordered materials is compromised due to the relaxation of carriers into the tail states of the DOS. Distinction and quantification of ordered and disordered regions of thin films at an atomic level is achieved using solid‐state NMR spectroscopy. An ability to compare solid‐state film morphologies of organic semiconducting polymers to energetic disorder, and in turn charge transport, can provide useful guidelines for applications of organic conjugated polymers in pertinent devices. 相似文献
998.
999.
Sutapa Dutta Stefano Corni Giorgia Brancolini 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(3)
Nanoscale biosensors, a highly promising technique in clinical analysis, can provide sensitive yet label-free detection of biomolecules. The spatial and chemical specificity of the surface coverage, the proper immobilization of the bioreceptor as well as the underlying interfacial phenomena are crucial elements for optimizing the performance of a biosensor. Due to experimental limitations at the microscopic level, integrated cross-disciplinary approaches that combine in silico design with experimental measurements have the potential to present a powerful new paradigm that tackles the issue of developing novel biosensors. In some cases, computational studies can be seen as alternative approaches to assess the microscopic working mechanisms of biosensors. Nonetheless, the complex architecture of a biosensor, associated with the collective contribution from “substrate–receptor–analyte” conjugate in a solvent, often requires extensive atomistic simulations and systems of prohibitive size which need to be addressed. In silico studies of functionalized surfaces also require ad hoc force field parameterization, as existing force fields for biomolecules are usually unable to correctly describe the biomolecule/surface interface. Thus, the computational studies in this field are limited to date. In this review, we aim to introduce fundamental principles that govern the absorption of biomolecules onto functionalized nanomaterials and to report state-of-the-art computational strategies to rationally design nanoscale biosensors. A detailed account of available in silico strategies used to drive and/or optimize the synthesis of functionalized nanomaterials for biosensing will be presented. The insights will not only stimulate the field to rationally design functionalized nanomaterials with improved biosensing performance but also foster research on the required functionalization to improve biomolecule–surface complex formation as a whole. 相似文献
1000.
Paolo Giovanni Artini Giorgia Scarf Ilaria Marzi Jonathan Fusi Maria Elena Obino Ferdinando Franzoni Elisa Zappelli Elisa Chelucci Claudia Martini Vito Cela Simona Daniele 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(21)
Oocyte development and fertilization are largely influenced by the microenvironment of the follicular fluid (FF), and the exploration of its molecular/metabolic composition may help in improving in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. Here, the concentrations of molecules related to oxidative stress/inflammation were measured in FF from follicles at oocyte retrieval during IVF. Here, the FF antioxidant potential was correlated with the number of retrieved/mature oocytes and the number of fertilized ones. FF collected from the follicles of normal fertilized oocytes presented an elevated antioxidant capability, lower levels of pro-inflammatory molecules (i.e., IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, TGF-β, and HIF-1α), and a higher IL-10 concentration. FF samples from follicles at oocyte retrieval that resulted in top-quality embryos displayed a peculiar antioxidant capability and a further decrease in proinflammatory molecules when compared with FF, giving rise to poor-quality embryos. Finally, pro-inflammatory molecules were lower and accompanied by a high antioxidant capability in samples giving rise to successful embryo implantation. The antioxidant capability and IL-10 displayed a good predictive ability for fertilization and embryo quality. Overall, our data showed the great influence of oxidative stress on the oocytes’ fertilization, and shed light on the importance of controlling the inflammatory and oxidative status of FF to obtain good-quality embryos with significant implantation potential. 相似文献