Dispositional and situational influences on dominance behavior in small groups.

101 college students were observed in small-group discussions to determine the degree to which a previously administered personality measure (the Dominance scale of the California Personality Inventory) would predict overt verbal and nonverbal behaviors. Results indicate that within all-male and all-female groups, scores on the Dominance scale exhibited only modest power to predict the frequency of any single behavior but were highly correlated with the overall pattern of dominance-related behaviors displayed by the Ss. In addition, situational influence was indicated by the negligible personality–behavior correlations obtained for both males and females in the mixed-sex discussion groups. (47 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

ω-Computations on Turing machines

The paper develops the theory of Turing machines as recognizers of infinite (ω-type) input tapes. Various models of ω-type Turing acceptors are considered, varying mainly in their mechanism for recognizing ω-tapes. A comparative study of the models is made. It is shown that regardless of the ω-recognition model considered, non-deterministic ω-Turing acceptors are strictly more powerful than their deterministic counterparts. Canonical forms are obtained for each of the ω-Turing acceptor models. The corresponding families of ω-sets are studied; normal forms and algebraic characterizations are derived for each family.     

The physicochemical properties of hair in the BIDS syndrome

The physicochemical properties of hair from a new recessive syndrome associated with brittle hair, intellectual impairment, decreased fertility, and short stature have been studied. Electrophoresis of the SCM-structural proteins showed that the alpha polypeptides appeared normal, but the matrix component was markedly reduced. This was confirmed by finding a normal alpha X-ray diffraction pattern but a reduced 1/2 cystine content of hair and an abnormal stress-strain curve. Electron-microscopic studies revealed extreme disorganization of the filaments which most likely resulted from the absence of normal cross-linking. Nails, which contain structural proteins similar to hair, also showed the abnormality. Since the matrix component seen by electrophoresis consists of more than one component the defect cannot be explained as a single structural gene abnormality.     

Delayed hyperphagia and increased body length after hypothalamic knife cuts in weanling rats.

In 2 experiments a total of 23 4-wk-old female Carworth albino rats received parasagittal hypothalamic knife cuts. 11 Ss served as sham-operated controls. Polydipsia began in the experimental Ss right after surgery, but hyperphagia, obesity, and excessive nose-anal length did not begin until after the Ss were 7-8 wk old. The delayed onset appears to await some maturational event that is required for the expression of hypothalamic obesity. It appears likely that puberty is the critical maturational event. (49 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Experience with On-Line Bubble Chamber Measuring Machines

About four-thousand events have now been measured at ANL using three measuring machines, each equipped with a small Recomp II computer. The computer has a 4K memory of 40 bit words and has floating point hardware. The computer guides and, in a sense, watches over the measurer, performing many elementary checks of the measuring process. A space reconstruction is not attempted, but sufficient checks are made to eliminate most mistakes and inaccuracies which would later cause failures during the reconstruction process.     

The art of Gestalt therapy: or What are you doing with your feet now?

Analyzes a filmed interview between F. Perls and his patient, Gloria, along the lines of J. Haley's (1958) "The Art of Psychoanalysis," noting that there are similarities between the interactional processes in Gestalt therapy and psychoanalysis.) Perls's seeming lack of interest in the interpersonal processes in the interview plus his attempt to frustrate the client are major influences on the observed patterns of communication. Many aspects of the interaction seemed puzzling to Gloria because Perls often ignored what she said and rapidly changed the topic. The influence of Perls's personal idiosyncrasies plus apparent shortcomings and blind spots in the Gestalt therapy theory are pointed out. (10 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Relations between maternal employment and development of nursery school children.

Examined the relations between maternal employment status and nursery school children's sex role concepts, cognitive development, and adjustment. 110 children formed 4 groups according to their sex and their mothers' employment status. It was predicted that maternal employment would be associated with a broadening of Ss' sex role concepts and differential cognitive development depending on the sex of the S. Results show that Ss' sex role concepts were broader if their mothers were employed. Ss' perceptions of their mothers were not related to their employment status, but fathers were perceived more negatively by their sons if the mother was employed. Sons of employed mothers had lower IQ scores than either daughters of employed mothers or Ss with nonemployed mothers. Ss with employed mothers received better adjustment ratings from their teachers. (French summary) (31 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Localized DC Field Produced by Diode Implanted in Isotropic Homogeneous Medium and Exposed to Uniform RF Field

Minimally invasive selective stimulation of biological tissue within the body can be achieved by implanting a small rectifying diode and then applying an RF field by means of electrodes or a coil on or near the surface of the body. A theoretical analysis of a simplified model consisting of a cylindrically symmetrical unit implanted in an isotropic homogeneous medium of conductivity ?and permittivity ? and exposed to a uniform RF field relates the dc component of electrode current to the detailed geometry of the electrodes of the implanted unit and to the amplitude of the applied field.