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101.
Rodrigo Loyola‐Sepulveda Gonzalo Lopez‐Leal Jorge Munoz Claudio Bravo‐Linares Stephen M. Mudge 《Water and Environment Journal》2009,23(4):286-292
Formation of trihalomethanes (THMs) during water disinfection has been related to several health problems, although the magnitude of these effects is under discussion. This paper quantifies the THMs in drinking water from the Bío‐Bío Region of central Chile, the first since the modification of the national reference value (Nch 409/05) to include maximal values for THMs. THMs were quantified using a solid phase micro‐extraction (SPME) method and GC‐MS. The concentration ranges were 9.7–111.6, 0.1–1.0 and 0.9–25.5 μg/L for chloroform (CHCl3), and dibromochloromethane (CHClBr2) and bromodichloromethane (CHCl2Br), respectively. Bromoform was not detected in any sample. There were good correlations (R2=0.91–0.98, P<0.001) between the THMs and the residence time of the water, the distance from the treatment plant and an inverse correlation to free chlorine in the water. The Additive Toxicity Index Value (0.07–1.00) showed that all samples were within the Chilean reference value for THMs in drinking water. However, several values were close to exceeding the maximum permitted concentration (200, 100, 100 and 60 μg/L for CHCl3, CHBr3, CHClBr2 and CHCl2Br, respectively), which may occur when the water demand is low and thus residence times are longer. 相似文献
102.
Jose Emilio Pardo Enrique Fernández Manuela Rubio Andrés Alvarruiz Gonzalo Luis Alonso 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2009,111(2):188-193
In this work, oil obtained from seeds of different red grape varieties, grown in the Autonomous Regions of Castilla‐La Mancha and Murcia (Spain), was characterized by determining physicochemical and sensory quality parameters, stability, and the composition in fatty acids and sterols. The physicochemical quality parameters (free acidity, peroxide index, K270 and wax) scored high (meaning low quality) compared with virgin olive oils, while the negative sensory attributes stood out over the positive ones. Therefore, the oil was not considered suitable for table use without undergoing a refining process. The samples showed high linoleic and low linolenic acid contents, while β‐sitosterol was the main sterol found. Drying grape seeds with hot air before extraction gave higher physicochemical quality, total phenolic content and stability, and lower wax content in comparison to air‐drying of seeds. The drying process affected the sterol composition but not the fatty acid composition. 相似文献
103.
Mortality due to lung, laryngeal and bladder cancer in towns lying in the vicinity of combustion installations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Javier García-Pérez Marina Pollán Elena Boldo Beatriz Pérez-Gómez Nuria Aragonés Virginia Lope Rebeca Ramis Enrique Vidal Gonzalo López-Abente 《The Science of the total environment》2009,407(8):2593-2602
Background
Installations that burn fossil fuels to generate power may represent a health problem due to the toxic substances which they release into the environment.Objectives
To investigate whether there might be excess mortality due to tumors of lung, larynx and bladder in the population residing near Spanish combustion installations included in the European Pollutant Emission Register.Methods
Ecologic study designed to model sex-specific standardized mortality ratios for the above three tumors in Spanish towns, over the period 1994-2003. Population exposure to pollution was estimated on the basis of distance from town of residence to pollution source. Using mixed Poisson regression models, we analyzed: risk of dying from cancer in a 5-kilometer zone around installations that commenced operations before 1990; effect of type of fuel used; and risk gradient within a 50-kilometer radius of such installations.Results
Excess mortality (relative risk, 95% confidence interval) was detected in the vicinity of pre-1990 installations for lung cancer (1.066, 1.041-1.091 in the overall population; 1.084, 1.057-1.111 in men), and laryngeal cancer among men (1.067, 0.992-1.148). Lung cancer displayed excess mortality for all types of fuel used, whereas in laryngeal and bladder cancer, the excess was associated with coal-fired industries. There was a risk gradient effect in the proximity of a number of installations.Conclusions
Our results could support the hypothesis of an association between risk of lung, laryngeal and bladder cancer mortality and proximity to Spanish combustion installations. 相似文献104.
Cándida Lorenzo Francisco Pardo Amaya Zalacain Gonzalo L. Alonso M. Rosario Salinas 《European Food Research and Technology》2008,227(3):777-787
Co-winemaked Monastrell wines with Cabernet Sauvignon or Merlot, at different proportions have been studied for first time
in terms of its odor activity value (OAV) in young wines, aging wines (after 9 months in French oak barrels) and bottled aging
wines (aging wines after 6 months in the bottle). The co-winemaking wines showed a different aromatic complexity as they were
fruitier and sweeter than the monovarietal ones, enhancing their aroma characteristics, being more evident at 60:40 proportion
in case of Merlot for young and aging wines and Cabernet Sauvignon for bottled ones. In terms of extractable oak compounds,
Monastrell–Merlot wines showed the highest values suggesting that they may need a shorter period within the barrel than Monastrell–Cabernet
Sauvignon ones. 相似文献
105.
Rosa M. Ojeda‐Amador Giuseppe Fregapane María Desamparados Salvador 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2019,121(11)
Various cultivars of almonds (“Ferragnes,” “Guara,” “Largueta,” and “Marcona”) and hazelnuts (“Negret,” “Pauetet,” and “Tonda”), particularly their virgin oils and by‐products, are evaluated in this study. The almond and hazelnut virgin oils present high contents of oleic acid (59–73% and 76–80%, respectively) and α‐tocopherol (420–542 and 310–378 mg kg–1, respectively), as compared with other virgin vegetable oils. Aldehydes are the major contributors to their aromatic profile (54–74% almond oil and 30–40% hazelnut oil of total content), especially, benzaldehyde in almond oils (1.35–7.52 mg kg–1), and hexanal in hazelnut oils (0.99–1.27 mg kg–1). Statistical differences exist between the virgin almond and hazelnut oils and their varieties, for most of the chemical compounds studied. While all the nut varieties are high in polar phenolic compounds, “Ferragnes” almonds (1262 mg kg–1) and “Negret” hazelnuts (1720 mg kg–1) stand out. Accordingly, high antioxidant activity is also observed. Finally, the residual cakes may be considered a good source of polar phenolic compounds (823–2064 mg kg–1 almond cakes, 2261–4179 mg kg–1 hazelnut cakes), possessing high antioxidant capacity with potential applications of these by‐products as functional ingredients in food and non‐food formulations. Practical Applications: Virgin nut oils are gaining consumers’ preference due to their unique organoleptic attributes and potential health effects. It is therefore very relevant to establish their specific chemical composition, directly related to their properties, and that are greatly affected by the cultivar. 相似文献
106.
Solange Kazue Utimura Santiago Justo Arevalo Carlos Gonzalo Alvarez Rosario Mauro Quiones Aguilar Jorge Alberto Soares Tenrio Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa 《加拿大化工杂志》2019,97(11):2920-2927
In this study, the feasibility of using a biohydrometallurgical technique for selective metals recovery from electronic waste (e‐waste) by bacterial bioleaching was investigated. Acidithiobacillus was identified in coal mining acid mine drainage (AMD). The microorganism was studied using specific sequencing of a 16s rDNA fragment. The potential for the dissolution of copper from waste printed wire boards (PWBs) using the isolated Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A. ferroxidans) was evaluated. The bioleaching experiments were performed in an orbital shaker at 30 °C and 170 rpm, with 10 % (v/v) inoculum and a pulp density of 30 g/L. The copper concentration was determined by energy dispersive x‐ray fluorescence (XRF). The result shows that copper recovery from PWBs using our A. ferrooxidans strain was 95 % after 8 days, which showed the feasibility of this process. 相似文献
107.
Alain Tundidor-Camba Nélida Araya Carmen M. González-Henríquez Luis H. Tagle René A. Hauyon Patricio A. Sobarzo Fidel E. Rodríguez-González Ignacio A. Jessop Gonzalo Recabarren-Gajardo Claudio A. Terraza 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2019,136(42):48055
Three new diamines derived from epoxide compounds were synthesized. The preparation of diamine monomers implied the reaction between a phenoxyalkyloxirane (alkyl: H, methyl, isopropyl) and bisphenol A, obtaining the respective aliphatic diols, which produced the corresponding dinitro derivatives. Finally, these derivatives were reduced by using palladium/carbon activated as catalyst and hydrazine as a hydrogen source. Then, six oligomeric poly(ether-azomethine)s (PEAzMs) were obtained from a polycondensation reaction between the new diamines and bis(4-formylbiphenyl-4-yl)dialkylsilane (alkyl: methyl, phenyl) with 84–93% yields. The structural characterization of the diamines and PEAzMs was performed by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H, 13C, and 29Si). Furthermore, polymers were analyzed by solubility tests, gel permeation chromatography, ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The results showed PEAzMs with 2–11 repetitive units, where the design of the monomers allowed to obtain improved solution processability in comparison with previously reported silylated poly(azomethine)s and good thermal stability. Additionally, all samples showed high transparency in the UV–vis region. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 48055. 相似文献
108.
Ren A Hauyon Gabriela Garrido‐Gatica Patricio A Sobarzo Carmen M Gonzlez‐Henríquez Luis H Tagle Fidel E Rodríguez‐Gonzlez Ignacio A Jessop Gonzalo Recabarren‐Gajardo Alain Tundidor‐Camba Claudio A Terraza 《Polymer International》2020,69(3):239-247
Aromatic poly(azomethine)s have been studied due to their attractive properties such as high thermal stability, semiconducting behavior and the ability to coordinate species with their imine units (C?N). In this paper, the synthesis and characterization of two novel silylated poly(azomethine)s containing cardo units are reported. These materials were highly soluble in organic solvents such as chloroform and m‐cresol and were thermally stable, and PAzMC1 exhibited a high glass transition temperature value (287 °C), while that for PAzMC2 was not observed. UV–visible spectrophotometry revealed absorption bands related to the aromatic backbone of both PAzMCs, 300–285 nm in tetrahydrofuran and 310–301 nm in dimethylsulfoxide, and bands attributed to the conjugated imine unit at around 350 nm. In order to investigate the phenomenon of the emission of fluorescence promoted by dopant agents with regard to potential optoelectronic applications, the materials were doped with H2SO4 and their optical and electrochemical properties investigated. Thus, the absorption band of the imine group was suppressed due to the nitrogen atoms being protonated. Fluorescence spectroscopy analysis developed in dilute solutions of polymers showed no emission from the undoped polymers, whereas the acid‐doped species emitted fluorescence in the UV and violet regions (322 nm). Cyclic voltammetry measurements were carried out and HOMO–LUMO energies were estimated. This study provides a starting point for the development of new poly(azomethine)s with doping‐dependent emission. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
109.
Scientometrics - The h-index is the most used measurement of impact for researchers. Sites such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic, and Scopus leverage it to show and compare the... 相似文献
110.
David Muñoz Benoit Beckers Gonzalo Besuievsky Gustavo Patow 《International journal of remote sensing》2018,39(12):4040-4058
In many applications, such as urban physics simulations or the study of the solar impact effects at different scales, complex 3D city models are required to evaluate physical values. In this article, we propose an efficient system for quickly computing the Sky View Factor (SVF) for a massive number of points inside a large city. To do that, we embed the city into a regular grid, and for each cell we select a subset of the geometry consisting of a square area centred in the cell and including it. Then, we remove the selected geometry from the city model and we project the rest onto a panoramic image, called environment map. Later, when several SVF evaluations are required, we only need to determine the cell that each evaluation point belongs to, and compute the SVF with the cell’s geometry plus its corresponding environment map. To test our system, we perform several evaluations inside a cell’s area, and compare the results with an accurate ray-tracing-based SVF evaluation. Our results show the feasibility of the method and its advantages when used for a large set of computations. We show that our tool provides a way to handle the complexity of urban scale models, and specifically allows working with geometry details if they are required. 相似文献