2种石耳中多糖的提取及含量测定

从淡肤根石耳和网脊石耳提取了多糖,并应用分光光度法进行多糖含量测定.经蒽酮-硫酸显色,波长615nm处测定其多糖含量分别为网脊石耳为13.71%,淡肤根石耳为11.52%,研究结果表明蒽酮硫酸法简便,样品溶液显色稳定,重复性好,仪器精密度良好,平均回收率分别为网脊石耳为98.35%,RSD=1.35% (n=3),淡肤根石耳为99.32%,RSD= 1.97% (n=3).     

Toxicological effects of the chemical and green ZnO NPs on Cyprinus carpio L. observed under light and scanning electron microscopy

Nanoparticles in aquatic bodies cause serious harm to the aquatic organisms when accumulated in high amounts. However, green nanoparticles synthesized using plants can be less toxic as compared to chemical nanoparticles. Hence, we designed our study to investigate the toxicological effects of chemical and green zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on the biological activity of juvenile Cyprinus carpio. The green ZnO NPs were synthesized from Solieria robusta, and chemical ZnO NPs were synthesized using zinc chloride solution and ammonium hydroxide. Characterization was done by using light microscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transmission infrared radiation, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The highest absorbance of nanoparticles was observed at 360 which confirmed the synthesis of ZnO. The SEM analysis showed that green nanoparticles were hexagonal while the chemical nanoparticles were spherical to cubic in shape. Definite peaks were observed in XRD of green and chemical NPs at 2θ angles 45.84° and 32.18°, respectively. Oxidative stress was determined by chemical analysis of catalase, glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) activities. The toxicological effects of chemical ZnO NPs on the catalase, LPO, GST, and GSH activities were more than green ZnO NPs. The histopathological investigation proved that the effect of chemical nanoparticles was worse than green ZnO NPs. More tissue damage was found in chemical nanoparticles than green synthesized nanoparticles. It was concluded that chemical nanoparticles can be replaced by green nanoparticles, as green nanoparticles are eco-friendly with less toxicological effects. This replacement can limit the toxic effect of nanoparticles when they get accumulated in high amounts in water bodies.     

Study of hexafunctional polyol in high solids air-drying alkyd: Improved film performance

A series of high solid alkyd polymers from soya oil fatty acid (SOFA) and dehydrated castor oil fatty acid (DCOFA) combinations with varying percentage of dipentaerythritol (DPE, a hexafunctional polyol) have been synthesized and characterized for their physicochemical, optical, thermal and mechanical properties. For the study purpose the polymers were prepared at 80% solids in mineral turpentine oil (MTO) keeping the oil length constant. The curing behavior of the alkyds was studied using FT-IR and DSC. Increasing DPE content in resin backbone was found to increase gloss and hardness. The gloss improvement was also supported well by atomic force microscopy (AFM) pictures. Results of 500 h of QUV exposure revealed higher gloss retention for DPE-based systems. When compared for the anticorrosive properties, the EIS spectrum reveals that alkyd film containing 100% DPE has the higher value of impedance.     

Effect of sprouting on physicochemical,antioxidant and flavonoid profile of onion varieties

This study investigated the impact of sprouting in four Indian onion varieties (Punjab White, Punjab Naroya, PRO‐6 and Commercial). Results showed significant (P < 0.05) increase in protein, crude fibre, ascorbic acid content, total phenol content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, anthocyanin content and significant (P < 0.05) decrease in total carbohydrate, energy value and hardness due to sprouting in all the four varieties. HPLC analysis revealed irregular pattern of increase and decrease in flavonoid components. There was no particular trend observed within analysed flavonols due to sprouting in all the four varieties except with the maximum increase in quercetin (219.3–287.4 mg kg^?1), kaempferol (13.8–17 mg kg^?1), myricetin (34.6–40.9 mg kg^?1), quercetin‐3?‐glucoside (2.9–4.1 mg kg^?1) and quercetin‐4?‐glucoside (83–87.1 mg kg^?1) in case of PRO‐6 variety only. The present research work implied sprouting to be beneficial in onion as nutritional and functional potential of all the four onion varieties was improved by sprouting.     

Mimosa pudica L., a High‐Value Medicinal Plant as a Source of Bioactives for Pharmaceuticals

Mimosa pudica Linn. (Family: Mimosaceae) is used as an ornamental plant due to its thigmonastic and nyctinastic movements. M. pudica is also used to avoid or cure several disorders like cancer, diabetes, hepatitis, obesity, and urinary infections. M. pudica is famous for its anticancer alkaloid, mimosine, along with several valuable secondary metabolites like tannins, steroids, flavonoids, triterpenes, and glycosylflavones. A wide array of pharmacological properties like antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti‐inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antinociceptive, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, antidiarrheal, hypolipidemic activities, diuretic, antiparasitic, antimalarial, and hypoglycemic have been attributed to different parts of M. pudica. Glucuronoxylan polysaccharide extruded from seeds of M. pudica is used for drug release formulations due to its high swelling index. This review covers a thorough examination of functional bioactives as well as pharmacological and phytomedicinal attributes of the plant with the purpose of exploring its pharmaceutical and nutraceutical potentials.     

Effect of incorporation of surface treated zinc oxide on non-isocyanate polyurethane based nano-composite coatings

Non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) based on cyclic carbonate-amine chemistry are an emerging area for polymer synthesis and is being extensively studied for various applications. A successful utilization of this technology can eliminate many of the issues associated with conventional polyurethane chemistry. While these polymers have not yet achieved commercial significance, research is being devoted to methods for synthesizing polymers or oligomers containing cyclic carbonate groups as well as studying their applications in thermoplastic and thermosetting systems.     

Evaluation of anti‐proliferative activity of Cheddar cheeses using colon adenocarcinoma (HCT‐116) cell line

The present study was planned to evaluate anti‐proliferative activity of water‐soluble peptides (WSPs) extracts of Cheddar cheeses made with buffalo and cow milk using a colon adenocarcinoma cell line. Cheese extracts were prepared at different stages of ripening up to six months. Anti‐proliferative activity of extracts was evaluated through cell viability assay, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction using colon cancer (HCT‐116) cell line. A dose‐dependent increase in activity was observed till five months of ripening. Cells population was relatively higher at G₀/G₁ phase of cell cycle. Moreover, apoptosis induction was also observed in a dose‐dependent manner.