塔里木盆地原油酸值特征及成因

塔里木盆地原油酸值总体不高,一般低于3 mg/g,三叠系、侏罗系原油酸值相对较高,一般在0.96～1.12 mg/g,但也只有部分地区原油刚达到高酸原油级别(酸值为1.0～5.0 mg/g),石炭系、奥陶系原油酸值较低,大部分在0.5 mg/g以下.塔里木盆地原油属于混合型中、低酸原油,有机酸主要来自于原油的生物降解,少量为原生的有机酸.奥陶系碳酸盐岩油藏原油曾经历严重降解,但产生的大量有机酸在随后的酸-岩反应中被消耗,呈高降解低酸值特征,侏罗系、三叠系、石炭系原油酸值的形成主要与地层水活动造成的晚期降解有关.图9表1参33     

TiN膜层提高2Cr13不锈钢叶片的抗冲刷腐蚀性能

采用多弧离子镀技术在2Cr13不锈钢基体上沉积TiN硬质膜层。通过对多弧离子镀TiN试样的磨损、腐蚀及冲刷腐蚀试验,探讨了TiN膜层对2Cr13不锈钢基体冲刷腐蚀性能的影响,以及腐蚀、磨损和冲刷腐蚀三者之间的作用关系和机理。结果表明,TiN膜层的表面硬度是基体表面硬度的6.7倍,提高了表面的耐磨损性能;TiN膜层的点蚀电位远高于基体,抗点蚀能力强,耐腐蚀性能明显提高。因此,TiN膜层能显著减弱腐蚀与磨损之间的相互作用,从而提高基体的抗冲刷腐蚀性能。     

电源浪涌保护器的选用和安装中的常见问题及规范做法

列举了电源浪涌保护器选用和安装方面的一些常见问题,根据规范提出了正确的做法,达到了对电气设备保护的目的,以期对今后电源浪涌保护器的设计人员和安装人员提供执行依据。     

基于特征子空间的窄带干扰抑制技术

特征子空间方法由于其降维效果和稳健性的处理能力已广泛应用于波束形成、DOA（波达方向）估计、超分辨处理中。讨论了从雷达回波的时间采样中构建协方差矩阵,分解成千扰子空间和信号噪声子空间,在干扰子空间投影后进行窄带干扰抑制。仿真和实测数据验证了特征子空间方法用于抑制大功率通信干扰的有效性。     

Improvement of the performance of GaN-based LEDs grown on sapphire substrates patterned by wet and ICP etching

Sapphire substrates patterned by a selective chemical wet and an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching technique was proposed to improve the performance of GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs). GaN-based LEDs were fabricated on sapphire substrates through metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The LEDs fabricated on the patterned substrates exhibit improved device performance compared with the conventional LED fabricated on planar substrates when growth and device fabricating conditions were the same. The light output powers of the LEDs fabricated on wet-patterned and ICP-patterned substrates were about 37% and 17% higher than that of LEDs on planar substrates at an injection current of 20 mA, respectively. The enhancement is attributable to the combination of the improvement of GaN-based epilayers quality and the improvement of the light extraction efficiency.     

Mitigating Performance Degradation in Congested Sensor Networks

Data generated in wireless sensor networks may not all be alike: some data may be more important than others and hence may have different delivery requirements. In this paper, we address differentiated data delivery in the presence of congestion in wireless sensor networks. We propose a class of algorithms that enforce differentiated routing based on the congested areas of a network and data priority. The basic protocol, called congestion-aware routing (CAR), discovers the congested zone of the network that exists between high-priority data sources and the data sink and, using simple forwarding rules, dedicates this portion of the network to forwarding primarily high-priority traffic. Since CAR requires some overhead for establishing the high-priority routing zone, it is unsuitable for highly mobile data sources. To accommodate these, we define MAC-enhanced CAR (MCAR), which includes MAC-layer enhancements and a protocol for forming high-priority paths on the fly for each burst of data. MCAR effectively handles the mobility of high-priority data sources, at the expense of degrading the performance of low-priority traffic. We present extensive simulation results for CAR and MCAR, and an implementation of MCAR on a 48-node testbed.     

施肥对土壤有效氮动态变化和烟叶品质的影响

选择大理州有代表性的5种植烟土壤,以不施肥、正常施肥、施有机―无机肥3种处理对土壤速效氮及烟叶品质的影响进行试验研究。结果表明,不施肥时,5种植烟土壤除剑川海虹红壤肥力高外,弥渡苴力红黄壤、弥渡新胜红砂壤、巍山柏枝树紫色士、祥云小桥红胶泥土则需施肥来补充。在同一施肥量下,土壤速效氮含量高,烟叶中总氮含量高。5种植烟土壤合理施用有机―无机肥,表现出前期氮素供应低于施用化肥处理,但并不表现出氮素供应滞后的现象。速效氮含量高且质地粘重的土壤,只有适当降低施氮量,才能保证烟叶的产质量。     

基于GC-QTOF-MS代谢组学技术研究饲喂不同糖饲料对蜜蜂所产蜂王浆中代谢物组成成分的影响

为研究饲喂不同糖饲料对蜜蜂所产蜂王浆品质的影响,基于气相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱代谢组学技术对3?种不同糖饲料饲喂条件下（白糖、蜂蜜、高果糖浆）蜜蜂所生产的蜂王浆进行分析。结果表明：与白糖组相比,蜂蜜组脯氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、乳糖、癸酸、L-磺基丙氨酸等含量显著较高（P＜0.05）;与蜂蜜组相比较,高果糖浆组蔗糖、麦芽糖含量显著较高（P＜0.05）,而甘油、纤维二糖、异亮氨酸、木糖、羟脯氨酸、乳糖、L-磺基丙氨酸含量显著较低（P＜0.05）;高果糖浆组与白糖组比较,软脂酸、麦芽糖、苏氨酸、半乳糖含量显著较高（P＜0.05）,而纤维二糖、松二糖、木糖、乳糖、赤藓糖含量显著较低（P＜0.05）。这种由于不同糖饲料饲喂条件而导致的差异可能会对蜜蜂及蜜蜂幼虫生长发育以及蜂王浆品质产生一定的影响,同时为蜂农饲喂方式的选择以及进一步研究影响蜂王浆组成差异的因素提供理论依据。     

公共汽车轮胎花纹偏磨原因分析及解决措施

分析275/70R22. 5公共汽车轮胎花纹的不均匀磨耗现象,研究和分析轮胎接地印痕、胎面花纹形状和花纹块刚性对磨耗的影响。试验表明,与原轮胎相比,调整花纹深度和改进模具后的轮胎耐久性能和高速性能相当,花纹块刚性增大,"刷子效应"大幅度降低,轮胎偏磨现象改善。     

Highly oriented α-Al2O3 transparent ceramics shaped by shear force

Alumina platelets were arranged horizontally in submicron alumina particles by shear force in the flow of slurries during casting. The obtained alumina green bodies with platelets were pressureless-sintered in vacuum, producing ceramics with thoroughly oriented grains and high transmittance. The effects of sintering parameters on the densification, microstructure evolution, and orientation degree of alumina ceramics were investigated and discussed. The results showed that the densification, grain size, orientation degree, and in-line transmittance were increased with increasing sintering temperature. The enhancement of orientation degree was mainly coherent with grain growth. The grain-oriented samples exhibited a much higher in-line transmittance (at 600 nm) of 61 % than that of the grain random sample (29 %). Moreover, the transmission remained a high level in the ultraviolet range (<300 nm).