Überlegungen zur Erweiterung des Klebstoffangebots im Holzleimbau

The procedure of testing adhesives for glulam production depends in Europe on the kind of resin. For example the testing of phenol-formaldehyde resins (PF-resins) includes the boiling test method, because the curing rate of these resins show a significant correlation between the strength after boiling and the resistance to moisture influence. On the other hand this test method is commonly insufficient for testing other resins. The results of investigations of glulam based on different kinds of resins show that there is a possibility to substitute the boiling test by a short-time accelerated aging method (KZB-Test) which will offer the same differentiation.     

Spannungsintensitätsfaktoren für vollständig umlaufende Oberflächenumfangsrisse in Rohren bei Thermoschockbelastung

Stress Intensity Factors for Complete Circumferential Surface Cracks in Thermally Shocked Pipes In the case of an emergency cooling of a reactor thermal stresses are generated in the pipes of the primary loop, which may be described conservatively as a thermal shock problem. In this paper complete interior circumferential surface cracks loaded by these thermal stresses are considered. By means of the weight function method stress intensity factors were calculated for this loading case.     

Plastic deformation in a multifunctional Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr-O alloy

Mechanisms for plastic deformation in the newly developed Ti-24 at. pct (Ta + Nb + V)-(Zr,Hf)-O alloys (Gum Metal) were investigated in relation to their unique properties. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the microstructure after deformation was characterized by highly distorted crystal images, which are accompanied by numerous “giant faults.” Such plastic behavior implies that a large amount of elastic stain energy was stored discretely and hierarchically during cold working. Calculated elastic constants of the Ti-X (Nb,Ta,Mo,V) binary systems predicted that Young’s modulus in 〈001〉 and shear moduli along some directions including slip systems in a bcc crystal were extraordinary small. The low modulus not only well explains the highly distorted microstructure observed in the cold-worked specimens, but also signifies that ideal shear strength of the developed alloys is a very small value, which is close to the practical strength required for plastic deformation in the alloy. This implies that the giant faults observed in the deformed specimen were formed without the aid of dislocation glide.     

Evaluation of hydrological processes in a mountainous small basin using a quinone biomarker.

An applicability of quinone biomarker to the analysis of hillslope runoff was investigated. At first, quinone profiles of three streams as well as a hillslope runoff in a forested headwater catchment were compared. The quinone composition of hillslope runoff differed from others. Moreover, there were remarkable differences in quinone profile of hillslope runoff under different rainfall conditions. Then, the behavior of quinone biomarker during the increase and decrease of hillslope runoff after a rainfall event was examined. The fractional changes in Q-9 (H2), Q-10 (H2), Q-11, MK-6 and MK-10 suggested the effect of interflow.     

Self-learning inductive inference machines

Self-knowledge is a concept that is present in several philosophies. In this article, we consider the issue of whether or not a learning algorithm can in some sense possess self-knowledge. The question is answered affirmatively. Self-learning inductive inference algorithms are taken to be those that learn programs for their own algorithms, in addition to other functions.
La connaissance de soi est un concept qui se retrouve dans plusieurs philosophies. Dans cet article, les auteurs s'interrogent à savoir si un algorithme d' apprentissage peut dans une certaine mesure posséder la connaissance de soi. lis apportent une reponse positive a cette question. Les algorithmes d'inference inductive autodidactes sont ceux qui font l'apprentissage de programmes pour leurs propres algorithmes, en plus d' autres fonctions.     

Monolithic integration of a 5.3 GHz regenerative frequency divider using a standard bipolar technology

A monolithic microwave frequency divider IC with an operating range of 1.4?5.3 GHz was developed and fabricated in a standard bipolar technology. The circuit operates on the principle of `regenerative frequency division?. Compared to the most popular divider concepts based on a master-slave D-flip-flop, an almost twice as high input frequency can be divided, provided that the same technology is used. A further advantage is the low power consumption.     

Conduction band states of transition metal (TM) high-k gate dielectrics as determined from X-ray absorption spectra

This paper uses X-ray absorption spectroscopy to study the electronic structure of the high-k gate dielectrics including TM and RE oxides. The results are applicable to TM and rare earth (RE) silicate and aluminate alloys, as well as complex oxides comprised of mixed TM/TM and TM/RE oxides. These studies identify the nature of the lowest conduction band d^* states, which define the optical band gap, E_g, and the conduction band offset energy with respect to crystalline Si, E_B. E_g and E_B scale with the atomic properties of the TM and RE atoms providing important insights for identification high-k dielectrics that meet performance targets for advanced CMOS devices.     

Exciton-polariton transition induced by elastic exciton-exciton collisions in ultrahigh quality AIGaAs alloys

The stationary and time-resolved polariton radiation in ultrahigh quality AIGaAs layers have been studied. It has been found that elastic exciton-exciton collisions lead to the appearance of a low-energy line of polariton radiation. We show that the rate of exciton-to-polariton transitions caused by elastic exciton-exciton collisions is determined not only by the density of the excitonic gas, but also by its temperature; this is in accordance with existing theoretical predictions. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

On the relationship between parity space and approaches to fault detection

Parity space approach and H₂ approach are two important fault detection approaches. This paper studies the relationship between these two approaches, which reveals frequency domain characteristics of the optimal solution of the parity space approach on the one side and provides a numerical solution of the H₂-optimal design of residual generators on the other side.