影响涂料耐磨性能的主要因素

研究了影响涂料耐磨性能的主要因素，试验表明，填料的种类，粒径，含量，涂料基料的种类，配比对涂层的耐磨性能影响较大，利用扫描电镜图对涂料的耐磨过程及机理进行了探讨，证明在涂层磨损过程中，有选择性磨损现象出现，这在一定程度上，减轻了涂层的磨损过程。     

Evolutionary functional black-box testing in an industrial setting

During the past years, evolutionary testing research has reported encouraging results for automated functional (i.e. black-box) testing. However, despite promising results, these techniques have hardly been applied to complex, real-world systems and as such, little is known about their scalability, applicability, and acceptability in industry. In this paper, we describe the empirical setup used to study the use of evolutionary functional testing in industry through two case studies, drawn from serial production development environments at Daimler and Berner & Mattner Systemtechnik, respectively. Results of the case studies are presented, and research questions are assessed based on them. In summary, the results indicate that evolutionary functional testing in an industrial setting is both scalable and applicable. However, the creation of fitness functions is time-consuming. Although in some cases, this is compensated by the results, it is still a significant factor preventing functional evolutionary testing from more widespread use in industry.     

微机智能重量传感检测系统􀀁

本文阐述了一种微机智能重量传感检测系统的基本原理及设计方法 .其中包括 :激励信号的产生 ,信号的频谱分析 ,滤波器设计 ,PWM信号的产生等     

Modeling of bone conduction of sound in the human head using hp-finite elements: Code design and verification

We focus on the development of a reliable numerical model for investigating the bone-conduction of sound in the human head. The main challenge of the problem is the lack of fundamental knowledge regarding the transmission of acoustic energy through non-airborne pathways to the cochlea. A fully coupled model based on the acoustic/elastic interaction problem with a detailed resolution of the cochlea region and its interface with the skull and the air pathways, should provide an insight into this fundamental, long standing research problem. To this aim we have developed a 3D hp-finite element code that supports elements of all shapes (tetrahedra, prisms and pyramids) to better capture the geometrical features of the head. We have tested the code on a multilayered sphere and employed it to solve an idealized model of head. In the future we hope to attack a model with a more realistic geometry.     

Spray drying with a two-fluid nozzle to produce fine particles: Atomization,scale-up,and modeling

This article presents experimental and modeling work to complete previously reported work on spray drying. Back-calculated droplet sizes have been verified by measurements with a laser imaging rig. Flow patterns in a cylindrical spray chamber have been simulated by computational fluid dynamics and demonstrated that droplet residence times are much shorter than expected. A droplet tracking population balance model has been implemented in gSOLIDS and shows how drying times vary with droplet diameter. Particle collection by cyclone and bag filter have also been compared experimentally.     

Buffer Management Issues in the Implementation of Fast Interprocess Communication

This paper presents our experience with building a cross-domain object invocation mechanism that is conscious about memory usage. Cross-domain object invocation issues are very similar to cross-domain procedure call issues. Although the cross-domain procedure call performance issues have been discussed widely, there is very little reference to issues regarding space. It is a typical example of a case where the issues arising in practice are more complicated than the ones described in the reference literature. Our mechanism is discussed in terms of the Spring modular operating system, but the same principles are applicable to other operating systems. The Spring system is a distributed computing environment running on a networked collection of computers. Each individual Spring system is based around a microkernel known as the nucleus. The nucleus is structured to support fast and secure cross address-space object invocations. Most of the traditional operating system services are provided by servers running as user-mode domains. In a system such as Spring, fast, secure, and space-efficient cross-domain invocation is extremely important. Argument buffers are used to pass data from one process to another. For fast cross address-space procedure calls the maximum size of this buffer should accommodate a small number of page frames. In typical contemporary architectures this size varies between 5 and 10K. In a system such as Spring, where there is a large number of active calls, this size leads to excessive memory usage. Earlier measurements have shown that at run-time the marshalled form of the arguments of most of the calls is less than a hundred bytes. Copying page size objects is the only notable exception. Our implementation uses small 128 byte buffers by default. A very fast mechanism is used to extend the small buffer for calls with marshaled arguments that do not fit in the small buffer. Therefore, it is very space efficient and does not affect the overall system performance. Measurements from our implementation that support these claims are presented.     

Predicting the function and subcellular location of Caenorhabditis elegans proteins similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae beta-oxidation enzymes

The role of peroxisomal processes in the maintenance of neurons has not been thoroughly investigated. We propose using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism for studying the molecular basis underlying neurodegeneration in certain human peroxisomal disorders, e.g. Zellweger syndrome, since the nematode neural network is well characterized and relatively simple in function. Here we have identified C. elegans PEX-5 (C34C6.6) representing the receptor for peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (PTS1), defective in patients with such disorders. PEX-5 interacted strongly in a two-hybrid assay with Gal4p-SKL, and a screen using PEX-5 identified interaction partners that were predominantly terminated with PTS1 or its variants. A list of C. elegans proteins with similarities to well-characterized yeast beta-oxidation enzymes was compiled by homology probing. The possible subcellular localization of these orthologues was predicted using an algorithm based on trafficking signals. Examining the C termini of selected nematode proteins for PTS1 function substantiated predictions made regarding the proteins' peroxisomal location. It is concluded that the eukaryotic PEX5-dependent route for importing PTS1-containing proteins into peroxisomes is conserved in nematodes. C. elegans might emerge as an attractive model system for studying the importance of peroxisomes and affiliated processes in neurodegeneration, and also for studying a beta-oxidation process that is potentially compartmentalized in both mitochondria and peroxisomes.     

Evidence for mineral matter forms in coal liquefaction extracts

High- and low-temperature ashes from feed coal, coal extract solution and filter cake from a two-stage coal liquefaction process have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (SEM/EDX). Hydrocracking experiments using alumina support only, in place of the active Ni/Mo catalyst on alumina, were also carried out, with trace metal analysis of the coal extract solution feed and hydrocracked extracts using atomic absorption and emission spectroscopy. The major mineral transformations occurring were of pyrite to pyrrhotite and the fixation of organic sulphur by calcium carbonate. Mineral particles were not observed in the coal extract solution ashes, even under high magnification, and the study indicated that size alone was not a determining factor as to whether a coal mineral was to be found in a coal-derived liquid. None of the trace metals was deposited on the alumina support under hydrocracking conditions, in marked contrast to the results obtained with the normal Ni/Mo catalyst. These results lead to the conclusion that for the deposition of trace elements to occur a reaction must take place and hence the trace elements must be chemically bound in some form.     

An integrated architecture for the ITER RH control system

The ITER remote handling (RH) system has been divided into 7 major equipment system procurements that deliver complete systems (operator interfaces, equipment controllers, and equipment) according to task oriented functional specifications. Each equipment system itself is an assembly of transporters, power manipulators, telemanipulators, vehicular systems, cameras, and tooling with a need for controllers and operator interfaces.From an operational perspective, the ITER RH systems are bound together by common control rooms, operations team, and maintenance team; and will need to achieve, to a varying degree, synchronization of operations, co-operation on tasks, hand-over of components, and sharing of data and resources. The separately procured RH systems must, therefore, be integrated to form a unified RH system for operation from the RH control rooms.The RH system will contain a heterogeneous mix of specially developed RH systems and off-the-shelf RH equipment and parts. The ITER Organization approach is to define a control system architecture that supports interoperable heterogeneous modules, and to specify a standard set of modules for each system to implement within this architecture. Compatibility with standard parts for selected modules is required to limit the complexity for operations and maintenance. A key requirement for integrating the control system modules is interoperability, and no module should have dependencies on the implementation details of other modules.The RH system is one of the ITER Plant systems that are integrated and coordinated through the hierarchical structure of the ITER CODAC system. It is distinguished from other Plant systems by the man-in-the-loop nature of RH operations and the need for control rooms at a level below the main control room. The RH control system architecture has been designed to also support the central monitoring and coordination of the RH activities.