尼日利亚、安哥拉油气资产交易并购情况研究

介绍了非洲油气资产转让的原因,分析了跨国公司在尼日利亚和安哥拉油气资产转让的趋势.     

欧盟化学品分类、标签制度的诠释与研究

欧盟CLP法规是全球第一部基于联合国GHS制度的化学品分类、标签和包装法规,该法规已于2009年1月20日正式生效,并将逐渐取代欧盟指令67/548/EEC和1999/45/EC。CLP法规与REACH法规相辅相成,共同构成了欧盟完整的化学品安全管理法规体系。从3方面对CLP法规进行了研究与论述:CLP法规介绍、CLP法规与GHS制度的对比研究、CLP法规与REACH法规的关系研究。     

Effect of sintering temperature on microstructure and transport properties of Li3xLa2/3−xTiO3 with different lithium contents

Li_3xLa_2/3−xTiO₃ (LLTO) powder with different lithium contents (nominal 3x = 0.03–0.75) was synthesized via a simple sol–gel route and then calcination of gel-derived precursor at 900 °C which was much below the calcination temperature required for synthesizing the LLTO powder via solid state reaction route. The LLTO powder of sub-micron sized particles, derived from such sol–gel method, showed almost no aggregation. Starting from the sol–gel-derived powder, the LLTO ceramics with different lithium contents were prepared at different sintering temperatures of 1250 and 1350 °C. It demonstrated that our sol–gel route is quite simple and convenient compared to the previous sol–gel method and requires lower temperature for the LLTO. Our results also illustrated that lithium content significantly affects the structure and ionic conductivity of the LLTO ceramics. The dependence of the ionic conductivity on the lithium content, lattice structure, microstructure and sintering temperature was investigated systematically.     

CFD modeling of gas flow in porous medium and catalytic coupling reaction from carbon monoxide to diethyl oxalate in fixed-bed reactors

A comprehensive two-dimensional heterogeneous reactor model was developed to simulate the flow behavior and catalytic coupling reaction of carbon monoxide (CO)–diethyl oxalate (DEO) in a fixed-bed reactor. The two-temperature porous medium model, which was revised from a one-temperature porous medium model, as well as one equation turbulent model, and exponent-function kinetic model was constructed for the turbulent velocity scale comparing with laminar flow and simulation of the catalytic coupling reaction. The simulation results were in good agreement with the actual data collected from certain pilot-plant fixed bed reactors in China. Based on the validated approach and models, the distributions of reaction parameters such as temperature and component concentrations in the reactor were analyzed. The simulations were then carried out to understand the effects of operating conditions on the reactor performance which showed that the conduction oil temperature in the reactor jacket and the CO concentration are the key impact factors for the reactor performance.     

超声辅助合成乙酸苄酯反应条件优化及其动力学

以乙酸和苯甲醇为原料,浓硫酸为催化剂催化合成乙酸苄酯.考察了超声频率、超声强度、反应温度、催化剂用量、带水剂种类和带水剂用量对合成乙酸苄酯的影响,同时对超声和无超声辅助合成乙酸苄酯条件下的动力学进行了研究.绌果表明,在超声频率10 kHz,超声强度1.0 W/cm2,苯甲醇和乙酸的物质的量之比1.5∶1,催化剂用量为2...     

水性木器涂料的干燥速度与相关因素讨论

水性木器涂料的干燥一直是困扰配方设计师的问题,水性木器涂料的干燥速度受到诸多因素的影响,包括外部环境的温度、湿度、空气流动速率和涂膜厚度,还取决于配方中成膜物质的某些特性,比如玻璃化转变温度和自交联性的影响,配方中的其他组分,比如某些具有保水性能的增稠剂、助溶剂和成膜助剂,以及用来和主漆反应的异氰酸酯等也会影响水性木器涂料的干燥速度。     

工业循环冷却水成套水处理技术的研究与应用

中海油天津化工研究设计院设计开发的缓蚀阻垢水处理技术,能够使腐蚀性水质的海水淡化水成功地作为补充水应用于循环冷却水系统,保证循环水稳定运行,确保正常生产。     

Preparation and characterization of bipolar membranes modified using photocatalyst nano‐TiO2 and nano‐ZnO

The nano‐ZnO and nano‐TiO₂ were added into chitosan (CS) anion layer to prepare polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) ‐ sodium alginate (SA)/ TiO₂‐ZnO‐CS (here, PVA:polyvinyl alcohol; SA:sodium alginate) bipolar membrane (BPM), which was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), electric universal testing machine, contact angle measurer, and so on. Experimental results showed that nano‐TiO₂‐ZnO exhibited better photocatalytic property for water splitting at the interlayer of BPM than nano‐TiO₂ or nano‐ZnO. The membrane impedance and voltage drop (IR drop) of the BPM were obviously decreased under the irradiation of high‐pressure mercury lamps. At a current density of 60 mA/cm², the cell voltage of PVA‐SA/TiO₂‐ZnO‐CS BPM‐equipped cell decreased by 1.0 V. And the cell voltages of PVA‐SA/TiO₂‐CS BPM‐equipped cell and PVA‐SA/ZnO‐CS BPM‐equipped cell were only reduced by 0.7 and 0.6 V, respectively. Furthermore, the hydrophilicity, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of the modified BPM were increased. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Static and dynamic mechanical properties of flame‐retardant copolyester/nano‐ZnCO3 Composites

Novel phosphorus‐containing copolyester nanocomposites were synthesized by in situ polymerization with 2‐carboxyethyl(phenylphosphinic) acid (CEPPA) and nano‐ZnCO₃. The flame retardancy and static and dynamic mechanical properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/nano‐ZnCO₃ composites and phosphorus‐containing copolyester/nano‐ZnCO₃ composites were evaluated with limiting oxygen index measurements, vertical burning testing (UL‐94), a universal tensile machine, and a dynamic mechanical analysis thermal analyzer. The phosphorus‐containing copolyester nanocomposites had higher limiting oxygen indices (ca. 32%) and a V0 rating according to the UL‐94 test; this indicated that nano‐ZnCO₃ and CEPPA greatly improved the flame retardancy of PET. The static mechanical test results showed that the breaking strength, modulus, and yield stress of the composites tended to increase with increasing nano‐ZnCO₃ content; when 3 wt % nano‐ZnCO₃ was added to PET and the phosphorus‐containing copolyester, the breaking strength of the composites was higher than that of pure PET. Dynamic mechanical analysis indicated that the dynamic storage modulus and loss modulus of the PET composites increased markedly in comparison with those of pure PET. However, the glass‐transition temperatures associated with the peaks of the storage modulus, mechanical loss factor, and loss modulus significantly decreased with the addition of ZnCO₃ and CEPPA. The morphologies of the composites were also investigated with scanning electron microscopy, which revealed that nano‐ZnCO₃ was dispersed homogeneously in the PET and copolyester matrix without the formation of large aggregates. In addition, the interfacial adhesion of nano‐ZnCO₃ and the matrix was perfect, and this might have significantly affected the mechanical properties of the composites. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Physically Linked PVA/P(AAm‐co‐SMA) Hydrogels: Tough,Fast Recovery,Antifatigue, and Self‐Healing Soft Materials

The application of traditional chemically crosslinked hydrogels is often limited by poor mechanical properties because of their own inhomogeneous network and irreversible crosslinking bonds. Herein, physical interactions are applied to crosslink the interpenetrating network hydrogel, i.e., hydrogen bonding and crystalline domain for polyvinyl alcohol network, and hydrophobic interaction inside micelle for poly (acrylamide‐co‐stearyl methyl acrylate) [P(AAm‐co‐SMA)] network. In this gel network system, reversible energy dissipation mechanism is realized by dissociation and reassociation of weak interactions including hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction inside the micelle. Strong crystalline domains serve as permanent crosslinking interactions to maintain network integrity under large extension. As a result, the synergy of weak and strong interactions leads to tough, antifatigue, fast recovery, and self‐healing properties of the hydrogel. This proposed strategy of achieving versatile hydrogels can broaden the use of hydrogels into load‐bearing applications.