激光双曝光全息干涉技术在测取射流密度场中的应用

准确预测射流流场密度对引信电机的研制有着重要的作用。本文介绍一种采用双曝光全息干涉法测取射流流场密度的基本原理及实验过程。给出了射流空场和射流绕模型情况下不同速度的密度场分布及变化规律,为射流流场密度分布的定量测量提供了一种新的方法。     

Dual-mode gain control for a 1?V CMOS hearing aid device with enhanced accuracy and energy-efficiency

A dual-mode gain control (DMGC) technique is presented for accurate and energy-efficient pre-amplification in the front-end system of a hearing aid chip. Compared with the conventional automatic gain control (AGC) approach, the DMGC approach is characterized by an amplification switching mechanism between the pro-linearity discrete gain setting mode and the energy-efficient AGC mode. Thus, the total harmonic distortion (THD) should be significantly improved without incurring any degradation concerning other performances parameters (e.g. gain, noise and power consumption). In order to further enhance the system power efficiency, a self current-adapting (SCA) circuit design technique is proposed. Such SCA circuits are capable of automatically adjusting the bias current in accordance with the sound level. A prototype chip was designed with a 0.13???m standard CMOS process and tested with 1?V supply voltage. The measurement results show that, for a typical output level of 500?mV_p-p, the THD is somewhere below ?64?dB, achieving approximately ten times reduction compared to the previously reported works. The power consumption of less than 45???W has also been obtained. In addition, the typical input referred noise is only 2???V_rms and the maximum gain attainable is up to 39?dB.     

数字产品存储器和缓冲器的设计思想

存储器是许多数字产品的关键内置模块.标准的SRAM、DRAM和非易失性存储器(NVMs)是最常用的存储器件.特殊的存储器,例如先进先出存储器,也可提供特定功能或实现特殊性能需求.在下面内容中,我们将回顾这些设计,并介绍一些存储器可能的应用场合.这些设计思路可以应用到SoC(芯片级系统)项目中.     

法国宽带接入市场现状与分析

介绍法国近几年宽带接入在技术、用户和业务等各方面的发展。法国宽带接入住宅市场目前应用最广泛的技术是ADSL,其次是有线电视网,其他如BLR,WiFi和电力网等技术应用有限。专业市场除了以上技术外,还有光纤专网,但小企业更愿意选择大众化服务,且许多用户将从专网向DSL转移。总体来讲,住宅市场的竞争程度高于专业市场,因而发展更快。由于相关法律的出台,有线电视市场处于重组之中。     

鼻内镜下CO2激光辅助手术治疗儿童上颌窦后鼻孔息肉15例

目的:提高上颌窦后鼻孔息肉的手术疗效,降低复发率。方法:回顾性分析2000年6月-2002年1月期间于上海交通大学附属第六人民医院耳鼻咽喉科收治的鼻内镜下CO2激光辅助手术治疗的上颌窦后鼻孔息肉的患者15例,9例为复发的再次手术病例。结果:所有患者随访6-38月(平均23个月)没有发现上颌窦后鼻孔息肉的复发、1例术后鼻腔粘连。结论:该术式可以彻底清除上颌窦后鼻孔息肉,防止复发提高手术疗效。     

Low‐Power 512‐Bit EEPROM Designed for UHF RFID Tag Chip

In this paper, the design of a low‐power 512‐bit synchronous EEPROM for a passive UHF RFID tag chip is presented. We apply low‐power schemes, such as dual power supply voltage (VDD=1.5 V and VDDP=2.5 V), clocked inverter sensing, voltage‐up converter, I/O interface, and Dickson charge pump using Schottky diode. An EEPROM is fabricated with the 0.25 μm EEPROM process. Power dissipation is 32.78 μW in the read cycle and 78.05 μW in the write cycle. The layout size is 449.3 μm × 480.67 μm.     

Shorted Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Inductively Coupled Feed for UHF RFID Tag

A very small patch‐type RFID tag antenna (UHF band) using ceramic material mountable on metallic surfaces is presented. The size of the proposed tag is 25 mm×25 mm×3 mm. The impedance of the antenna can be easily matched to the tag chip impedance by adjusting the size of the shorting plate of the patch and the size of the feeding loop. The measured maximum reading distance of the tag at 910 MHz was 5 m when it was mounted on a 400 mm × 400 mm metallic surface. The proposed design is verified by simulation and measurements which show good agreement.     

iPTT: peer‐to‐peer push‐to‐talk for VoIP

This paper proposes iPTT, a peer‐to‐peer (P2P) Push‐to‐Talk (PTT) service for Voice over IP (VoIP). In iPTT, a distributed and mobile‐operator independent network architecture is presented to accelerate the deployment of the PTT service. Based on the serverless architecture, we develop two mechanisms, that is, flooding‐based floor control mechanism (FFC) and tree‐based floor control mechanism (TFC), for real‐time talk‐burst determination. The determination algorithms and the corresponding message flows for these two mechanisms are designed to show the feasibility of FFC and TFC. The performance of FFC and TFC is investigated through our analytical and simulation models in terms of the determination latency and the number of floor‐control message exchanges. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Full-Vectorial Optical Waveguide Mode Solvers Using Multidomain Pseudospectral Frequency-Domain (PSFD) Formulations

New full-vectorial optical waveguide eigenmode solvers using pseudospectral frequency-domain (PSFD) formulations for optical waveguides with arbitrary step-index profile are presented. Both Legendre and Chebyshev collocation methods are considered in the formulation. By applying Legendre-Lagrange or Chebyshev-Lagrange interpolating polynomials to the approximation of spatial derivatives at collocation points, the Helmholtz equations for the transverse-electric or transverse-magnetic components are converted into a matrix eigenvalue equation which is then solved for the eigenmodes by the shift inverse power method. Suitable multidomain division of the computational domain is arranged to deal with general curved interfaces of the refractive-index profile together with a curvilinear mapping technique for each subdomain so that field continuity conditions can be carefully imposed across the dielectric interfaces, which is essential in achieving high numerical accuracy. The solver is applied to the optical fiber for the assessment of its numerical performance, to the classical benchmark rib waveguide for comparing with existing high-accuracy results, and to the fused fiber structure for demonstrating its robustness in calculating the form birefingence.     

Fully Solution‐Processed Photonic Structures from Inorganic/Organic Molecular Hybrid Materials and Commodity Polymers

Managing the interference effects from thin (multi‐)layers allows for the control of the optical transmittance/reflectance of widely used and technologically significant structures such as antireflection coatings (ARCs) and distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). These rely on the destructive/constructive interference between incident, reflected, and transmitted radiation. While known for over a century and having been extremely well investigated, the emergence of printable and large‐area electronics brings a new emphasis: the development of materials capable of transferring well‐established ideas to a solution‐based production. Here, demonstrated is the solution‐fabrication of ARCs and DBRs utilizing alternating layers of commodity plastics and recently developed organic/inorganic hybrid materials comprised of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAl), cross‐linked with titanium oxide hydrates. Dip‐coated ARCs exhibit an 88% reduction in reflectance across the visible compared to uncoated glass, and fully solution‐coated DBRs provide a reflection of >99% across a 100 nm spectral band in the visible region. Detailed comparisons with transfermatrix methods (TMM) highlight their excellent optical quality including extremely low optical losses. Beneficially, when exposed to elevated temperatures, the hybrid material can display a notable, reproducible, and irreversible change in refractive index and film thickness while maintaining excellent optical performance allowing postdeposition tuning, e.g., for thermo‐responsive applications, including security features and product‐storage environment monitoring.