Stability of the solutions of the observation error equations at control of the steel converter process

Consideration was given to the nonlinear observer with the feedback sensitivity function which showed itself well in estimating the carbon and silicon content in the converter melt on the basis of the nonlinear model with time-constant parameters. In the case of controlling the melt temperature by the cooling additives, the plant parameters vary in time, which requires additional studies. For the estimation error under permanent perturbations where the matrix of the linear part is time-dependent, the zero solution of the equation system was proved to be stable.     

Correlation relations for estimating the content of plutonium isotopes in fallout due to the Chernobyl accident

The possibility of determining the total α activity A(^239,240Pu) of ²³⁹Pu + ²⁴⁰Pu according to the γ radiation of ¹⁰³Ru and ¹⁰⁶Ru is examined. The statistical properties of the experimental ratios of the activities ρ = A(¹⁰⁶Ru)/A(¹⁰³Ru) are investigated. The distribution of the experimental ratios is similar to the theoretical ratios for fuel and close to a Gaussian distribution with average value 〈p〉 = 0.22 and standard deviation Δ ∼ 0.06. This ratio is used to obtain a relation for estimating A(^239,240Pu) from the γ activity A(¹⁰³Ru). A theoretical analysis is made of the experimental data for the southern raions of Gomel oblast. It is shown that given a good statistical sample of measurements of the γ activity of ¹⁰³Ru it is possible to estimate the average value of the γ activity A(^239,240Pu) and with probability 0.95 the interval of the possible values of this activity. __________ Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 103, No. 4, pp. 255–259, October, 2007.     

An improved watershed algorithm based on efficient computation of shortest paths

The present paper describes a new algorithm to calculate the watershed transform through rain simulation of greyscale digital images by means of pixel arrowing. The efficiency of this method is based on limiting the necessary neighbouring operations to compute the transform to the outmost, and in the total number of scannings performed over the whole image. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is able to significantly reduce the running time of the fastest known algorithm without involving any loss of efficiency.     

Classifier Ensembles with a Random Linear Oracle

We propose a combined fusion-selection approach to classifier ensemble design. Each classifier in the ensemble is replaced by a miniensemble of a pair of subclassifiers with a random linear oracle to choose between the two. It is argued that this approach encourages extra diversity in the ensemble while allowing for high accuracy of the individual ensemble members. Experiments were carried out with 35 data sets from UCI and 11 ensemble models. Each ensemble model was examined with and without the oracle. The results showed that all ensemble methods benefited from the new approach, most markedly so random subspace and bagging. A further experiment with seven real medical data sets demonstrates the validity of these findings outside the UCI data collection     

Requirements and Services for Metadata Management

Knowledge-intensive applications pose new challenges to metadata management, including distribution, access control, uniformity of access, and evolution in time. This paper identifies general requirements for metadata management and describes a simple model and service that focuses on RDF metadata to address these requirements.     

Contribution of the Research and Design Institute of Electrical Technology to the formulation of a strategy for the development of nuclear power in Russia

The results of investigations performed by specialists at Research and Design Institute of Electrical Technology together with other enterprises, institutes, and organizations concerning the formulation of a strategy for the development of nuclear power in Russia in the first half of the 21st century are presented. The individual stages of the work, key assumptions, ideas, and recommendations, on which the strategy is based, the initiatives which the President of the Russian Federation advanced at the millennium summit held at the United Nations, and the international INPRO project initiated by Russia are examined. It is concluded that innovative development and a transition to building as quickly as possible nuclear power objects that meet the requirements and demands of the new century are necessary. __________ Translated from Atomnaya énergiya,Vol. 103, No. 1, pp. 5–15, July, 2007.     

High-T/sub 0/ strain-compensated InGaAsSb-AlGaAsSb quantum-well lasers emitting at 2.43 /spl mu/m

Strain-compensated InGaAsSb-AlGaAsSb quantum-well (QW) lasers emitting near 2.5 /spl mu/m have been grown by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy. The relatively high arsenic composition causing a tensile strain in the Al/sub 0.25/GaAs/sub 0.08/Sb barriers lowers the valence band edge and the hole energy level, leading to an increased hole confinement and improved laser performance. A 60% external differential efficiency in pulsed mode was achieved for 1000-/spl mu/m-long lasers emitting at 2.43 /spl mu/m. A characteristic temperature T/sub 0/ as high as 163 K and a lasing-wavelength temperature dependence of 1.02 nm//spl deg/C were obtained at room temperature. For 2000 /spl times/ 200 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ broad-area three-QW lasers without lateral current confinement, a low pulsed threshold of 275 A/cm/sup 2/ was measured.     

Development of methods of design,development, testing,and maintenance of real-time global space information-control systems

An approach to creation of real-time global space information-control systems referred to the class of complex systems based on methods of systems analysis, information technologies, and simulation, is considered. It is shown that objectives and tasks of any such system and requirements to it determine inevitable prior development of mathematical models of the system and of the environment realized on an imitation-simulation testbed, and a possibility of imitation testing with their help for more precise determination of characteristics of the system at all stages of its lifecycle. Particular examples of application of this approach are given.     

The use of social network analysis in modeling the organizational processes of information and knowledge circulation

At the end of the 20th century, a branch of management theory appeared called “knowledge management.” Knowledge of a company is part of intellectual capital and an important strategic resource for running and operating business. The main part of corporative knowledge exists in vague form, i.e., in knowledge, experience, intuition, and in the heads of staff members. Communication is main process for the transfer of this knowledge, i.e., communication between coworkers. The theory of social network analysis considers a group of people as an interconnected system of nodes (people, participants of group), the ties between which (relations) can be used for the visual representation and analysis of the exchange and dissemination processes of vague knowledge and information in collectives of coworkers.