DCS控制系统在粗苯蒸馏工艺中的应用

针对传统粗苯蒸馏工艺人工调节频繁,调节不及时、不准确,产品质量不稳定,劳动负荷大等问题,通过引入DCS控制系统,建立计算机自动调节模型,调整函数的微分和积分变量实现脱苯塔塔顶回流量、进再生塔的蒸汽量和管式加热炉富油出口温度的自动控制,从而实现粗苯生产工艺的稳定、高产、优质和低耗。     

Bleaching of indigo-dyed denim fabric by electrochemical formation of hypohalogenites in situ

The use of hypochlorite, formed in situ by anodic oxidation of sodium chloride solution, for bleaching indigo-dyed denim has been studied at room temperature and at 50 °C. A direct relationship between the charge flow applied and the bleaching effect was observed. This enables consistent oxidative bleaching to be achieved by controlling the electrochemical process. The use of mixed anolytes containing small concentrations of bromide ions enhanced the bleaching effect considerably, even after lowering the temperature to room temperature. The molar concentration of bromide ions required was much lower than that of chloride in the anolyte.     

乙炔吸收系统倒开车实现装置产品快速合格

中国石油吉林石化公司聚乙烯厂700kt/a乙烯装置老区采用溶剂吸收技术脱出乙炔精制乙烯工艺。多年来,乙炔吸收塔塔顶回流泵开车初期不上量问题一直制约着装置开车进度。经过摸索,技术人员尝试对开车流程进行调整,攻克了难题。文中对该装置具体的调整措施进行了阐述。     

用三元共聚改性剂制PVC耐热管材

利用自行研制的三元共聚耐热改性剂与聚氯乙烯（PVC）共混制成耐热管材专用料，考察了共混体系中耐热改性剂、抗冲改性剂、填料及热稳定剂等各组分对材料拉伸强度、冲击强度和维卡软化点等综合性能的影响，同时对氯化聚氯乙烯和自制耐药改性剂的耐药和加工性能进行了比较，所研制的耐热改性剂与PVC混合后耐热效果较好，且易挤出加工。研制的耐热管材的维卡软化点可达100℃，比无规聚丙烯管材的维卡耐热性能要高。     

表面处理对木粉增强PVC发泡复合板材性能的影响

研究表面处理的木粉对发泡聚氯乙烯(PVC)板材的增强改性效果。使用铝酸酯偶联剂、丙烯酸丁酯预聚物对木粉进行表面处理，将其混合到聚氯乙烯发泡板材配料中进行板材加工生产，结果表明，经处理的木粉能提高发泡PVC板材的拉伸强度和冲击强度。用铝酸酯偶联剂处理木粉的发泡板材力学性能好于用丙烯酸丁酯预聚物处理的板材；而用丙烯酸丁酯预聚物处理木粉的复合材料在流变加工性能优于用铝酸酯处理木粉的复合材料。     

高效塔填料——共轭环的性能研究

本文总结了我国自行开发的高效散堆填料——共轭环的流体力学与传质性能,论述了共轭环的结构特点.用φ38塑料共轭环、鲍尔环、阶梯环做对比实验,其结果为:共轭环的每米压强降比阶梯环低40-45%、比鲍尔环低50—55%,共轭环的传质单元高度比阶梯环低15%、比鲍尔环低30%,即共轭环的流体力学和传质性能均比阶梯环、鲍尔环优良.     

Preparation and properties of heterocyclically conjugated poly(3‐hexylthiophene)–clay nanocomposite materials

A series of heterocyclically conjugated polymer–clay nanocomposite (PCN) materials that consisted of organic poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and inorganic montmorillonite (MMT) clay platelets were prepared by in situ oxidative polymerization with FeCl₃ as an oxidant. The as‐synthesized PCN materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, wide‐angle powder X‐ray diffraction (WAXRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effects of the material composition on the anticorrosion, gas barrier, thermal stability, flammability, mechanical strength, and electrical conductivity properties of the P3HT and PCN materials were studied by electrochemical corrosion measurements, gas‐permeability analysis (GPA), thermogrametric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurements, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and a four‐point probe technique, respectively. The molecular weights of extracted and bulk P3HT were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) with THF as an eluant. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 3438–3446, 2004     

纤维素LiCl/DMAc溶液流变性能研究

本文研究了9％LICI／DMAC纤维素溶液的流变性能。在该体系中纤维素溶液是非牛顿流体，属于假塑性流体，具有典型的幂律性。通过幂律方程拟合计算，其稠度系数为60～135，流动特性指数为0.62～0．70。随着浓度增大，稠度系数增大和流动特性指数降低；温度的变化对流动特性指数的影响不大，温度升高，流动特性指数略有减小，而稠度系数相对增大。溶液的粘度随着剪切速率的增大，开始时粘度迅速降低，后趋于稳定，这可能与纤维素分子在溶液中的取向有关。在不同剪切速率下，其流动活化能为23～30kJ．