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81.
Lysosomal membrane of rat liver contains a highly glycosylated protein referred to as lamp-2. Lamp-2 occurs to a significant extent in a soluble fraction of rat liver lysosomes. The soluble form of lamp-2 (SF-lamp-2) was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. An apparent molecular weight M(r) of SF-lamp-2 on sodium dodecy sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was determined to be 91,000 which is 5,000 less than that of the membranous form of lamp-2 (MF-lamp-2). SF- and MF-lamp-2 were very similar to each other in terms of sialic acid content, NH2-terminal amino acid sequence and isoelectric point. Gel filtration data indicated that native SF-lamp-2 has an M(r) = 360,000. Taken together, SF-lamp-2 forms a tetrameric structure consisting of a homogenous polypeptide lacking a membrane-spanning domain and a cytoplasmic tail near the COOH-terminus. 相似文献
82.
An associated solution theory based on the UNIQUAC equation is developed to describe the excess properties of the alcohols in unassociated active components. The theory includes two association constants: the one for the alcohols, the other for alcohol-unassociated active component complexes. The theory reproduces well the activity coefficients of the ethanol—trichloromethane system having a maximum and a minimum and it also fits very skewed excess enthalpy curves for alcohol—benzene, alcohol—tetrachloromethane, etc. Prediction of ternary vapor—liquid and liquid—liquid equilibrium and excess enthalpy data has been carried out with good accuracy from binary parameters without adding any ternary constant. 相似文献
83.
Sharan L Li Y Motoyoshi I Nishida S Adelson EH 《Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision》2008,25(4):846-865
Human observers can distinguish the albedo of real-world surfaces even when the surfaces are viewed in isolation, contrary to the Gelb effect. We sought to measure this ability and to understand the cues that might underlie it. We took photographs of complex surfaces such as stucco and asked observers to judge their diffuse reflectance by comparing them to a physical Munsell scale. Their judgments, while imperfect, were highly correlated with the true reflectance. The judgments were also highly correlated with certain image statistics, such as moment and percentile statistics of the luminance and subband histograms. When we digitally manipulated these statistics in an image, human judgments were correspondingly altered. Moreover, linear combinations of such statistics allow a machine vision system (operating within the constrained world of single surfaces) to estimate albedo with an accuracy similar to that of human observers. Taken together, these results indicate that some simple image statistics have a strong influence on the judgment of surface reflectance. 相似文献
84.
Heddle JG Fujiwara I Yamadaki H Yoshii S Nishio K Addy C Yamashita I Tame JR 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2007,3(11):1950-1956
The cavity of the toroidal protein TRAP (trp RNA-binding attenuation protein) is modified to capture gold nanodots in solution. By engineering a titanium-binding peptide onto one surface of the ring it is also possible to bind it specifically and tightly to a TiO2 surface. TRAP bound in this way is then used to capture gold nanodots and attach them to prepared surfaces. Gold-protein complexes are observed using atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The modified TRAP is used to build gold nanodots into the SiO2 layer of a metal oxide semiconductor. This is the first use of a ring protein, rather than the more commonly used spherical protein cages, to constrain nanodots to a surface. This method is an important addition to the current range of bionanotechnology tools and may be the basis for future, multicomponent electronic devices. 相似文献
85.
Kosuke Tanaka Shuhei Miwa Isamu Sato Takashi Hirosawa Shin-ichi Sekine Masahiko Osaka 《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2014,51(7-8):876-885
As a first step for obtaining experimental data on the effects of high-temperature chemical interaction on fission product release behavior, we focused on the dissolution of irradiated uranium plutonium mixed oxide (MOX) fuel by molten zircaloy (Zry) and carried out a heating test under the reducing atmosphere. Pieces of an irradiated MOX fuel pellet and cladding were subjected to the heating test at 2373 K for five minutes. The fractional release rate of cesium (specifically 137Cs) was monitored during the test and its release behavior was evaluated. The observation of microstructures and measurements of elemental distribution in the heated specimen were also performed. We demonstrated experimentally that the fuel dissolution by molten Zry accelerated the release of Cs from the fuel pellets. 相似文献
86.
Yasuo Morimoto Masami Hirohashi Akira Ogami Takako Oyabu Toshihiko Myojo Ken-ichiro Nishi Chikara Kadoya Motoi Todoroki Makoto Yamamoto Masahiro Murakami Manabu Shimada Wei-Ning Wang Kazuhiro Yamamoto Katsuhide Fujita Shigehisa Endoh Kunio Uchida Naohide Shinohara Junko Nakanishi Isamu Tanaka 《Particle and fibre toxicology》2010,7(1):1-18
Background
We used fullerenes, whose dispersion at the nano-level was stabilized by grinding in nitrogen gas in an agitation mill, to conduct an intratracheal instillation study and an inhalation exposure study. Fullerenes were individually dispersed in distilled water including 0.1% Tween 80, and the diameter of the fullerenes was 33 nm. These suspensions were directly injected as a solution in the intratracheal instillation study. The reference material was nickel oxide in distilled water. Wistar male rats intratracheally received a dose of 0.1 mg, 0.2 mg, or 1 mg of fullerenes and were sacrificed after 3 days, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. In the inhalation study, Wistar rats were exposed to fullerene agglomerates (diameter: 96 ± 5 nm; 0.12 ± 0.03 mg/m3; 6 hours/days for 5 days/week) for 4 weeks and were sacrificed at 3 days, 1 month, and 3 months after the end of exposure. The inflammatory responses and gene expression of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractants (CINCs) were examined in rat lungs in both studies.Results
In the intratracheal instillation study, both the 0.1 mg and 0.2 mg fullerene groups did not show a significant increase of the total cell and neutrophil count in BALF or in the expression of CINC-1,-2αβ and-3 in the lung, while the high-dose, 1 mg group only showed a transient significant increase of neutrophils and expression of CINC-1,-2αβ and -3. In the inhalation study, there were no increases of total cell and neutrophil count in BALF, CINC-1,-2αβ and-3 in the fullerene group.Conclusion
These data in intratracheal instillation and inhalation studies suggested that well-dispersed fullerenes do not have strong potential of neutrophil inflammation. 相似文献87.
Tomo Osawa Atsushi Sogabe Masayuki Shirao Shuji Nishihama Isamu Kaneda† Shin-ichi Yusa‡ 《International journal of cosmetic science》2009,31(6):479-479
IFSCC Magazines , 12 (2009) (1) 3–7
It is generally well known that the surface of an inorganic UV-protective powder used in a sunscreen formula is treated with a fatty acid or other hydrophobic chemicals to obtain a high water resistance. Due to the resulting strongly hydrophobic surface, the treatment has a clear drawback in that it allows the sunscreen to leave its base components on the skin after washing with regular soap. Therefore, in this study to develop an intelligent sunscreen formula that has a high water resistance and can be washed away easily with regular soap, we focused on a pH-responsive polymer as the surface-treatment agent for a UV-protective powder. Numerous experiments led to the synthesis of the 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid/11-methacrylamidoundecanoic acid (AMPS/MAU) copolymer, which is hydrophobic in acidic to neutral solution and hydrophilic in basic solution. Titanium dioxide subjected to surface treatment was treated with the AMPS/MAU copolymer showed a high pH-responsiveness that was similar to that of the polymer. A W/O-type sunscreen containing the pH-responsive titanium dioxide showed a high water resistance as well as a high washability with regular soap.
Keywords: Detergent-washable, pH-responsive polymer, pH-responsive powder, sun care product, water-resistant 相似文献
It is generally well known that the surface of an inorganic UV-protective powder used in a sunscreen formula is treated with a fatty acid or other hydrophobic chemicals to obtain a high water resistance. Due to the resulting strongly hydrophobic surface, the treatment has a clear drawback in that it allows the sunscreen to leave its base components on the skin after washing with regular soap. Therefore, in this study to develop an intelligent sunscreen formula that has a high water resistance and can be washed away easily with regular soap, we focused on a pH-responsive polymer as the surface-treatment agent for a UV-protective powder. Numerous experiments led to the synthesis of the 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid/11-methacrylamidoundecanoic acid (AMPS/MAU) copolymer, which is hydrophobic in acidic to neutral solution and hydrophilic in basic solution. Titanium dioxide subjected to surface treatment was treated with the AMPS/MAU copolymer showed a high pH-responsiveness that was similar to that of the polymer. A W/O-type sunscreen containing the pH-responsive titanium dioxide showed a high water resistance as well as a high washability with regular soap.
Keywords: Detergent-washable, pH-responsive polymer, pH-responsive powder, sun care product, water-resistant 相似文献
88.
I Nagatomo Y Akasaki S Kuchiiwa S Nakagawa M Takigawa 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,730(1-2):223-226
The number of NADPH diaphorase-positive cells in the CA1/CA2 and CA3 regions of Ammon's horn and the subiculum of the hippocampal formation of EL mice, an inbred mutant strain of the ddY mouse susceptible to convulsive seizures, was fewer than that of ddY mice. These findings suggest that smaller numbers of nitric oxide producing cells in the hippocampal formations of EL mice is related to their susceptibility to convulsive seizures. 相似文献
89.
Takayuki Yokoi Masanobu Azuma Hidenobu Ishida Isamu Shimizu 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》1994,34(1-4)
Relatively stable high bandgap hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films were prepared by the microwave electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) hydrogen plasma CVD method using SiH2Cl2 source gas. The substrate position relative to the position of the generation of reactive species affects the structure of these films. The films prepared under optimized condition showed rather high bandgap, 1.83 eV. However, the defect density was low, 3 × 1015 cm−3, and the photosensitivity was greater than 7 orders of magnitudes. The defect density was found to saturate at relatively low values ( 3 × 1016 cm−3) independent of the illumination intensity. 相似文献
90.
New PWM Method for Fully Digitized Inverters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Murai Yoshihiro Ohashi Kazuharu Hosono Isamu 《Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on》1987,(5):887-893
The development of digital devices has led to the production of PWM inverters for driving induction motors having high-frequency carriers over 10 000 Hz. However, the popular digital devices exhibit difficulties in arriving at the precise switching instants because of limitation of available memory capacity and of bits, especially in the low-frequency region. Basic discussions on the magnetic flux and torque ripple and an introduction to a memory-saving and low-torque-ripple new PWM (split zero vector) method are given. The experiments show fairly good current waveforms, low iron loss, and low acoustic noise. 相似文献