一种融合极限学习机和改进烟花算法的混合式目标跟踪技术

针对背景杂波干扰、目标外观形变导致的跟踪精度差的问题,论文提出了一种基于融合极限学习机和改进烟花算法的混合式目标跟踪技术(OSELM-FWA).该技术在提取图片特征信息时,为了剔除冗余信息、保留边缘轮廓处的颜色信息,提出梯度稀疏矩阵作为特征信息提取工具来提取图片的颜色特征信息;同时为了提高运动模型的预测精度,提出了一种改进烟花算法来生成候选目标样本,该算法不同于传统烟花算法采用固定不变的常量作为爆炸半径参数,而是在其基础上加入目标的运动速率量来调整烟花半径参量,而且为了控制烟花的多样性,该算法还根据烟花置信度方差的变化情况动态调整烟花的变异概率,将烟花的多样性维持在最优范围内;另外为了及时地更新目标外观模型,利用目标的置信度变化率来调整更新样本数目,随后运用在线极限学习机增量的学习相应数量的目标信息.最后,论文将该跟踪技术在标准数据集OTB上进行对比实验,通过实验得到该跟踪技术在处理复杂环境下的目标跟踪问题时,不仅兼顾跟踪的实时性而且拥有较高跟踪精度.     

YT01低能量多碰塑性变形研究

为研究碰撞能对金属材料多碰塑性变形的影响,在实验室用自制的凸轮机械式多碰试验机对YT01试样进行了低能量多碰试验,采用坐标网格法、SEM、金相显微镜等方法研究了不同碰撞能对试样的塑性变形率、显微组织结构的影响.实验结果表明:峰值冲击应力不变时,多冲碰撞能量越大,试样累积塑性变形量也越大;随着碰撞次数的增加,试样塑性变形率减小并趋于平缓,塑性变形终止于距冲击表面69 mm处;256 000次碰撞后,试样显微组织细化,晶粒界增多.金属材料多冲碰撞塑性变形不仅与峰值冲击碰撞应力有关,也与冲击碰撞能有关.     

Fast method for SAR echo simulation of a three-dimensional ground scene

Due to huge calculation of SAR echo simulation of a three-dimensional (3D) ground scene, a fast simulation method is proposed. First, the data of a 3D ground scene are fractionally interpolated based on the Fractional Brownian Motion (FBM) model. Second, the data interpolated are divided into lots of small facets whose precision meets the simulation requirement, the backscattering coefficients of the small facets are calculated. Third, the shaded area is judged by the comparison method of overlook angles. Three parallel levels are analyzed and the kernel function is designed. Finally, the computing method of reduction adding and external thread are also utilized under the framework of GPU in order to get high efficiency. With the methods mentioned above, the imaging result of experimental DEM data verifies the validity and superiority of the proposed method.     

Web安全威胁与防御技术研究

Web应用广泛普及的同时,也带来了大量的安全威胁。本文分析了常见Web攻击:跨站脚本攻击、Flash攻击、跨站伪造请求攻击、APT攻击、DDoS攻击,从安全威胁的产生原因、常见攻击手段出发,总结了攻击者经常利用的Web安全漏洞,并提出了相应的防御措施和方法,对提高Web安全具有重要的参考价值。     

高均匀性长波红外远心照明系统设计

基于数字微镜器件(DMD)的红外景象模拟器可在室内环境下模拟真实景物及其环境的红外辐射,实现对红外成像系统性能的准确测试与评估。照明系统作为红外景象模拟器的重要组成部分,为其提供红外辐射能。为使光束均匀照射在DMD器件表面,通过分析研究黑体特性及朗伯定律,确定采用像方远心光路作为照明系统的结构形式。以拉氏不变量为依据研究确定的照明系统特性参数,能够实现与投影系统完美衔接。根据设计参数完成对照明系统初始结构的计算,利用ZEMAX进行调制、优化,并完成像质评价。设计结果表明,以此方式设计的照明系统均匀性高、球差小,可进一步提高模拟仿真效果。     

Microstructure and erosion resistance of in-situ SiAlON reinforced BN-SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> composite ceramics

BN-SiO₂-SiAlON composite ceramics were successfully prepared by the means of hot pressed sintering. Xe plasma flow generated by Hall Thruster was used for sputtering the surface of the samples in order to evaluate the plasma erosion resistance. XRD, TEM, SEM, and LSCM were used to characterize the phase composition and morphologies of as-made composite ceramics before and after Xe plasma erosion. The ceramics were composed of h-BN, fused silica, and SiAlON, which maintained structural stability during the process of Xe plasma sputtering. In conclusion, comparing with BN-SiO₂ composite ceramics, the plasma erosion rate of BN-SiO₂-SiAlON composite ceramics decreases significantly at first then rises with the increase of AlN addition. Erosion pits can be observed by using SEM on the surface after plasma sputtering, which demonstrates that the BN grains have dropped off the surface. In addition, mechanical denudation by high-speed Xe ions is recognized as the injury mechanism for the BN-matrix composite materials.     

Global Avalanche Characteristics of Boolean Functions by Concatenation

In order to measure the correlation propeties of two Boolean functions,the global avalanche characteristics of Boolean functions constructed by concatenation are discussed,i.e.,f_1‖f_2and f_1‖f_2‖f_3‖f_4.Firstly,for the function f = f_1‖f_2,the cross-correlation function of f_1,f_2 in the special condition are studied.In this case,f,f_1,f_2 must be in desired form.By computing their sum-of-squares indicators,the crosscorrelation function between f_1,f_2 is obtained.Secondly,for the function g = f_1‖f_2‖f_3‖f_4,by analyzing the relation among their auto-correlation functions,their sum-of-squares indicators are investigated.Based on them,the sum-of-squares indicators of functions obtained by Canteaut et al.are investigated.The results show that the correlation property of g is good when the correlation properties of Boolean functions f_1,f_2,f_3,f_4 are good.     

水平旋喷桩加固技术在隧道细砂层中的应用

国内隧道施工技术向“长、大、深”趋势发展,伴随而来的是开挖中遇到各类复杂不良地质,如何既保证施工安全又保证开挖质量,是隧道施工穿越不良地质研究改进的重点。文章结合浩吉铁路王家湾隧道细砂层段落开挖施工,运用水平旋喷技术对软弱不良地层进行加固,形成壳状止水固结体,提高了围岩稳定性,有效解决了隧道开挖过程中涌砂、涌水等问题,保证了施工安全,为类似不良地质隧道施工提供了借鉴经验,具有明显的经济效益和一定的推广价值。     

一种基于深度信息的人头检测方法

针对目前人头检测方法对光线变化敏感和易受阴影干扰的问题,提出了一种基于深度图像的人头检测方法.首先通过运动目标检测,得到运动人员所在区域;然后对该区域使用改进的立体匹配算法,该匹配算法对传统的WTA匹配算法进行改进,只对强纹理点进行匹配,对弱纹理点只进行视差验证,并根据三角投影原理计算出深度图.由于深度图中人员与周围场景的深度分布不同,根据深度分布将人头区域提取出来,得到候选区域,最后将候选区域经过形态学运算并根据区域轮廓的特征来判断是否为人头.实验结果表明:该方法在不同光线环境条件下的检测正确率为94%以上,误检测率仅为5.77%,检测精度高,对光线和阴影的抗干扰性良好,能够很好地适应复杂环境.     

一种基于图像的光学系统测角精度检测方法

测角精度是光学系统的重要技术指标。针对传统的电子经纬仪测角精度检测方法测量数据少、扫描方向单一导致测量结果不准确,提出了一种改进的检测方法。调整电子经纬仪,使电子经纬仪发射的电十字通过光学系统成像在CCD视场中,旋转电子经纬仪以点阵形式,对光学系统各个方向进行扫描,计算机实时采集电十字图像。对采集的电十字图像,通过基于小波变换的变分Retinex算法增强图像对比度,采用OTSU阈值分割背景和目标,采用投影算法及二项式曲线拟合将电十字中心定位到亚像素级。对最终获取的电十字中心点阵数据通过径向基函数进行曲面插值,解算出基于整个CCD像面的测角精度。实验结果表明：该方法的测量精度达到0.1μrad,测得的光学系统测角精度提高了0.01mrad,检测的测角精度更加准确。