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991.
Ah Jin Lee Bo Young Byun Dong‐Hyun Kang Juming Tang Young‐Wan Kim Han‐Joon Hwang Jae‐Hyung Mah 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2011,46(7):1494-1501
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of zinc on the sporulation and viability of Clostridium sporogenes and on the growth of other bacteria. When 0.5% ZnCl2 was added to a sporulation medium, it completely inhibited C. sporogenes (PA 3679) sporulation for up to 3 weeks. At concentrations of 0.5% and 1.0%, ZnCl2 not only completely inactivated the vegetative cell viability (>7.0 Log reduction) but also significantly reduced the spore viability (<2.1 Log reduction) of C. sporogenes. Taken together, it was concluded that zinc blocks C. sporogenes sporulation by damaging (or killing) vegetative cells and probably by interfering with the biosynthesis of spore components. In addition to the inhibitory effect on the sporulation and viability of C. sporogenes, ZnCl2 was found to have a broad antimicrobial spectrum against all Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative spoilage and pathogenic bacteria tested. The minimal inhibitory concentration for inhibiting the bacteria ranged between 3.7 and 7.4 mm . Therefore, we expect that this compound or a combination thereof has a potential as a surface‐cleaning agent or disinfectant. 相似文献
992.
Michael A. Rogers Jae Hee Jennifer Kim 《Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)》2011,44(5):1447-1451
The complexity of the transition from solution to gel for low molecular weight gelators in apolar solvents makes it incredibly difficult to assess the gel point. Since both nucleation and crystal growth occurs prior to the formation of a continuous three dimensional network numerous techniques, such as calorimetry and inflection point of the complex modulus, are invalid when probing the gel point. However, monitoring the frequency dependence of G′ and G″ illustrates the transition from a dilute solution to a weak gel which may be differentiated from the gel point observed by the decreasing value of the complex viscosity as a function of frequency. For 3% 12-hydroxystearic acid in mineral oil once the gelator nucleates the material behaves as a dilute solution, upon crystal growth (67 °C) we observe the true cross over point which is independent of frequency and finally a strong gel is formed at 64 °C where G′ and G″ are independent of frequency. 相似文献
993.
Choe JH Jang A Lee ES Choi JH Choi YS Han DJ Kim HY Lee MA Shim SY Kim CJ 《Meat science》2011,87(1):12-18
This study aimed to evaluate the oxidative and color stability of cooked ground pork containing lotus leaf powder at 0.1 (LP1) and 0.5% (LP2) as well as barley leaf powder at 0.1 (BP1) and 0.5% (BP2) during refrigerated storage for 10 days. The oxidative stability of these powders was compared with butylhydroxytoluene (BHT). LP1 had higher a* and lower b* values than the control (-) over 4 days (p<0.05). The pH values of the ground pork samples made with addition of LP and BHT decreased until day 4 and then increased. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) values were lowest in LP2 on day 10 (p<0.05). The ground pork samples containing LP and BP had lower peroxide values (POVs) and conjugated dienes (CD) compared to the control (-).These results indicate that LP or BP can be incorporated into ground pork to effectively retard oxidation after cooking. 相似文献
994.
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the accepted theory is that due to TCA cycle dysfunction, the Δcit1 mutant lacking the mitochondrial enzyme citrate synthase (Cit1) cannot grow on acetate, regardless of the presence of the peroxisomal isoenzyme (Cit2). In this study, we re-evaluated the roles of Cit1 and Cit2 in acetate utilization and examined the pathway of acetate metabolism by analysing mutants defective in TCA or glyoxylate cycle enzymes. Although Δcit1 cells showed significantly reduced growth on rich acetate medium (YPA), they exhibited growth similar to Δcit2 and the wild-type cells on minimal acetate medium (YNBA). Impaired acetate utilization by Δcit1Δcit2 cells on YNBA was restored by ectopic expression of either Cit2 or its cytoplasmically localized variants. Deletion of any of the genes for the enzymes solely involved in the TCA cycle (IDH1, KGD1 and LSC1), except for SDH1, caused little defect in acetate utilization on YNBA but resulted in significant growth impairment on YPA. In contrast, cells lacking any of the genes involved in the glyoxylate cycle (ACO1, FUM1, MLS1, ICL1 and MDH2) did not grow on either YNBA or YPA. Deletion of SFC1 encoding the succinate-fumarate carrier also caused similar growth defects on YNBA. Our results suggest that in S. cerevisiae the glyoxylate cycle functions as a competent metabolic pathway for acetate utilization on YNBA, while both the TCA and glyoxylate cycles are essential for growth on YPA. 相似文献
995.
Van Ginkel SW Hassan SH Ok YS Yang JE Kim YS Oh SE 《Environmental science & technology》2011,45(8):3739-3745
For the rapid and reliable detection of oxidized contaminants (i.e., nitrite, nitrate, perchlorate, dichromate) in water, a novel toxicity detection methodology based on sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) has been developed. The methodology exploits the ability of SOB to oxidize elemental sulfur to sulfuric acid in the presence of oxygen. The reaction results in an increase in electrical conductivity (EC) and a decrease in pH. When oxidized contaminants were added to the system, the effluent EC decreased and the pH increased due to the inhibition of the SOB. We found that the system can detect these contaminants in the 5-50 ppb range (in the case of NO(3)(-), 10 ppm was detected), which is lower than many whole-cell biosensors to date. At low pH, the oxidized contaminants are mostly in their acid or nonpolar, protonated form which act as uncouplers and make the SOB biosensor more sensitive than other whole-cell biosensors which operate at higher pH values where the contaminants exist as dissociated anions. The SOB biosensor can detect toxicity on the order of minutes to hours which can serve as an early warning so as to not pollute the environment and affect public health. 相似文献
996.
Youngrok Kim Seungjun Chung Kyungjune Cho David Harkin Wang‐Taek Hwang Daekyoung Yoo Jae‐Keun Kim Woocheol Lee Younggul Song Heebeom Ahn Yongtaek Hong Henning Sirringhaus Keehoon Kang Takhee Lee 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2019,31(10)
Organic semiconductors (OSCs) have been widely studied due to their merits such as mechanical flexibility, solution processability, and large‐area fabrication. However, OSC devices still have to overcome contact resistance issues for better performances. Because of the Schottky contact at the metal–OSC interfaces, a non‐ideal transfer curve feature often appears in the low‐drain voltage region. To improve the contact properties of OSCs, there have been several methods reported, including interface treatment by self‐assembled monolayers and introducing charge injection layers. Here, a selective contact doping of 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4‐TCNQ) by solid‐state diffusion in poly(2,5‐bis(3‐hexadecylthiophen‐2‐yl)thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene) (PBTTT) to enhance carrier injection in bottom‐gate PBTTT organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) is demonstrated. Furthermore, the effect of post‐doping treatment on diffusion of F4‐TCNQ molecules in order to improve the device stability is investigated. In addition, the application of the doping technique to the low‐voltage operation of PBTTT OFETs with high‐k gate dielectrics demonstrated a potential for designing scalable and low‐power organic devices by utilizing doping of conjugated polymers. 相似文献
997.
This paper discusses the microstrure related fracture behavior of short-fiber reinforced thermoplastics. The microstructure of an injection molded weld was studied by microscopic methods for the purpose of describing fiber orientation. Injection welds are the place where two flow fronts come together, leading to fiber orientations having flower and volcano-like patterns. The polymer composite materials used in the experiment were polycarbonate(PC) with amorphous structure containing 30% short glass fiber and polyphenylene sulfide(PPS) with crystalline structure containing 40% short glass fiber. The specimen used was a dumbbell type tensile specimen with a weld line created by double gate injection molding. Microtoming technique was used for slicing ultrathin sections from the molded polymer parts. Microstructural analysis of fiber orientation at injection weld was carried out using light transmission microscopy (LM) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). 相似文献
998.
Heuy?Dong?KimEmail author Dong?Hoon?Lee H.?Kashimura T.?Setoguchi 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2003,17(5):718-725
The present study addresses the distortion of the compression wave reflected from an open end of a shock tube. An experiment
is carried out using the simple shock tube with an open end. Computational work is also performed to represent the experimented
flows. The second-order Total Variation Diminishing scheme is employed to numerically solve the unsteady, axisy-mmetric, inviscid,
compressible governing equations. Both the experimented and predicted results are in good agreement. The generation and development
mechanisms of the compression wave, which is reflected from the open end of the shock tube, are obtained in detail from the
present computations. The effect of size of the baffle plate at the open-end that causes the reflection of the incident expansion
wave is found negligible. A good correlation is obtained for transition of the reflected compression wave to a shock wave
inside the tube. The present data show that for a given wave length of the incident expansion wave the transition of the reflected
compression wave to a shock wave can be predicted with good accuracy. 相似文献
999.
Experimental study of the role of gas-liquid scheme injector as an acoustic resonator in a combustion chamber 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In a liquid rocket engine, the role of gas-liquid scheme injector as an acoustic resonator or absorber is studied experimentally
for combustion stability by adopting linear acoustic test. The acoustic-pressure signals or responses from the chamber are
monitored by acoustic amplitude. Acoustic behavior in a rocket combustor with a single injector is investigated and the acoustic-damping
effect of the injector is evaluated for cold condition by the quantitative parameter of damping factor as a function of injector
length. From the experimental data, it is found that the injector can play a significant role in acoustic damping when it
is tuned finely. The optimum tuning-length of the injector to maximize the damping capacity is near half of a full wavelength
of the first longitudinal overtone mode traveling in the injector with the acoustic frequency intended for damping in the
chamber. When the injector has large diameter, the phenomenon of the mode split is observed near the optimum injector length
and thereby, the acoustic-damping effect of the tuned injectors can be degraded. 相似文献
1000.
Microstructure Evolution of Concentration Gradient Li[Ni0.75Co0.10Mn0.15]O2 Cathode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries 下载免费PDF全文
Chong S. Yoon Suk Jun Kim Un‐Hyuck Kim Kang‐Joon Park Hoon‐Hee Ryu Hee‐Soo Kim Yang‐Kook Sun 《Advanced functional materials》2018,28(28)
Detailed analysis of the microstructural changes during lithiation of a full‐concentration‐gradient (FCG) cathode with an average composition of Li[Ni0.75Co0.10Mn0.15]O2 is performed starting from its hydroxide precursor, FCG [Ni0.75Co0.10Mn0.15](OH)2 prior to lithiation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals that a unique rod‐shaped primary particle morphology and radial crystallographic texture are present in the prelithiation stage. In addition, TEM detected a two‐phase structure consisting of MnOOH and Ni(OH)2, and crystallographic twins of MnOOH on the Mn‐rich precursor surface. The formation of numerous twins is driven by the lattice mismatch between MnOOH and Ni(OH)2. Furthermore, the twins persist in the lithiated cathode; however, their density decrease with increasing lithiation temperature. Cation disordering, which influences cathode performance, is observed to continuously decrease with increasing lithiation temperature with a minimum observed at 790 °C. Consequently, lithiation at 790 °C (for 10 h) produced optimal discharge capacity and cycling stability. Above 790 °C, an increase in cation disordering and excessive coarsening of the primary particles lead to the deterioration of electrochemical properties. The twins in the FCG cathode precursor may promote the optimal primary particle morphology by retarding the random coalescence of primary particles during lithiation, effectively preserving both the morphology and crystallographic texture of the precursor. 相似文献