Extended Solution Gate OFET‐Based Biosensor for Label‐Free Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Detection with Polyethylene Glycol‐Containing Bioreceptor Layer

A novel organic field effect transistor (OFET)‐based biosensor is described for label‐free glial fibrillary acidic protein detection. This study reports the first use of an extended solution gate structure where the sensing area and the organic semiconductor are separated, and a reference electrode is not needed. Different molecular weight polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are mixed into the bioreceptor layer to help extend the Debye screening length. The drain current change is significantly increased with the help of higher molecular weight PEGs, as they are known to reduce the dielectric constant. This study also investigates the sensing performance under different gate voltage (V _g). The sensitivity increases after the V _g is decreased from ?5 to ?2 V because the lower V _g is much closer to the OFET threshold voltage and the influence of attached negatively charged proteins becomes more apparent. Finally, the selectivity experiments toward different interferents are performed. The stability and selectivity are promising for clinical applications.     

Reference models: how can we leverage them?

Software and Systems Modeling -     

Analysis of dietary interventions. A simple payoff matrix for display of comparative dietary trials

Objective  

To provide a simple method for presentation of data in comparative dietary trials.     

Microemulsion-Based Vegetable Oil Detergency Using an Extended Surfactant

This work examined the use of a single extended surfactant in the microemulsion-based detergency of vegetable oils. The results showed that good canola oil detergency (>80%) was achieved at 25 °C using a single extended surfactant (C_14,15–8PO–SO₄Na) at concentrations as low as 125 ppm, i.e., significantly lower than the surfactant concentration range of 500–2,500 ppm reported in other microemulsion-based detergency work. It was found that the maximum detergency (95%) was achieved in the type II microemulsion region. These results demonstrate that the microemulsion-based extended surfactant formulation is a promising approach for vegetable oil detergency at low temperature.