聚苯胺/凹凸棒石/聚砜复合膜电极的制备及其电化学性能研究

采用化学原位聚合法合成了盐酸掺杂聚苯胺/凹凸棒石(PANI/ATP)纳米导电复合材料。以聚砜(PSF)为成膜剂制得聚合物溶液,并定量滴加到玻碳电极上制得PANI/ATP/PSF复合膜电极。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)对样品形貌、结构进行表征。利用循环伏安法、交流阻抗及恒电流充放电技术研究其电容性能。结果表明,多孔结构的PANI/ATP/PSF复合材料在1mol/L H2SO4溶液中具有良好的电容性能,在0.5A/g的电流密度下比电容可达到465F/g,且该超级电容器具有较小的内阻和良好的循环稳定性。     

Contributions of oxygen vacancies to the hydrogen evolution catalytic activity of tungsten oxides

The tungsten trioxide attracts less attention due to the low electron transfer kinetics that hinders the interaction of electrons and ions during the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). But the oxygen vacancy strategy can inspire its electrocatalytic activity for HER because it has a positive effect on improving the charge transfer and compensating for the weak hydrogen adsorption of the tungsten trioxide. By synthesizing a series of substoichiometric tungsten oxides, we reveal the linear relationship between the catalytic activity and the content of oxygen vacancies, which indicates that the oxygen vacancy strategy is an achievable route to enhance the HER for metal oxides.     

水在梯形截面微通道内流动阻力特性的数值研究

对梯形截面微通道内去离子水的不可压缩充分发展的流动建立数学模型,采用二维SIMPLE算法求解通道横截面上的流向速度分布.对特定几何尺寸的通道内水的充分发展流动在实验雷诺数范围内进行数值模拟,并计算充分发展段的阻力系数,将模拟所得阻力系数随雷诺数的变化关系与有关实验结果进行了对比,得到了较好的一致性.从而表明:N-S方程仍然适用于微通道内去离子水的层流流动的数值模拟.     

Nanorattle Au@PtAg encapsulated in ZIF-8 for enhancing CO2 photoreduction to CO

Nano Research - Imidazolate-based ZIF-8 catalysts M@ZIF-8 (M = Au NR, Au@Ag NR, or Au@PtAg NRT; NR = nanorod, NRT = nanorattle), were assembled. Au NRs acted as the core for the epitaxial growth of...     

高温处理燕麦籽粒对制粉及其营养成分的影响

采用不同的热处理方式(热风干燥140～170℃、远红外烘烤200～240 ℃)对燕麦籽粒进行处理,用试验磨粉机制粉,对其出粉率,皮粉、心粉、细麸和麦麸中的蛋白质、脂肪和纤维含量进行测定.结果表明,经高温处理后,燕麦籽粒的出粉率显著的提高,与对照组相比,总出粉率平均高出18.18%;燕麦麦麸中的蛋白质含量明显高于细麸的,细麸的高于心粉的,心粉的高于皮粉的;燕麦皮粉、心粉和麦麸的脂肪含量变化不显著,细麸的脂肪含量显著降低;燕麦皮粉、心粉的粗纤维含量变化均不显著,而细麸和麦麸中的粗纤维含量显著升高.     

Relationship Between Extracellular Cellulase,Pectinase and Xylanase Activity of Isolated Aspergillus oryzae Strains Grown on Koji and the Umami-Tasting Amino Acid Content of Soy Sauce

We compared the koji-based extracellular carboxymethylcellulases (CM-cellulase), pectinases and xylanases of four Aspergillus oryzae isolates from soy sauce koji, A1, PRB-1 (A2), A3 and A4, with Aspergillus oryzae AS3.951 (A5) via enzyme assays and zymography and determined their correlation to the content of umami-tasting amino acids in high-salt diluted-solid state growth stage leading to soy sauce. In A2 koji, xylanase had the highest activity (28.75 U/g dry weight). Zymogram analysis revealed two different bands of CM-cellulase activity (termed Cel-1 and Cel-2) and one band of pectinase activity (Pec-1) in all koji samples. The intensity of these bands was comparable among all five strains. Interestingly, the same analysis revealed six different xylanase activity bands (termed Xyl-1 to Xyl-6) in all koji samples. After 60 days of cultivation, the free amino acid concentration was highest in soy sauce generated by A4 at 6709.41 mg/100 ml and contained 1690.82 mg/100 ml umami-tasting amino acids (including glutamic acid and aspartic acid), followed by soy sauce generated by A2. Pearson’s coefficient analysis indicated that Xyl-1 and Xyl-2 activities were positively associated with the umami-tasting amino acid content of soy sauce. In conclusion, these data suggested that the xylanases Xyl-1 and Xyl-2 in koji could be important contributors to the umami taste formation of soy sauce.     

高效液相色谱法测定虾青素油中虾青素的含量

该研究建立了高效液相色谱法测定虾青素油中虾青素含量的分析方法。利用单因素实验,对虾青素油中虾青素的提取试剂、酶解时间进行选择,确定最佳前处理条件为37℃恒温水浴振荡酶解60 min,石油醚提取。色谱条件:YMC^TMC₃₀色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),柱温30℃,流动相为甲醇-甲基叔丁基醚梯度洗脱,流速1 mL/min,检测波长472 nm。结果表明,全反式虾青素在0.10~4.00μg/mL范围内与峰面积有良好线性关系,精密度的相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)为1.36%,表明精密度高,平均回收率为93.58%,回收率的RSD为2.84%,表明添加回收率高,相对标准偏差小,实验建立方法测得虾青素油中虾青素的含量为92.9%,是碱性皂化测得结果的2.11倍,所建立的方法可以准确定量虾青素油中虾青素的含量。     

Phase-sensitive manipulation of squeezed state by a degenerate optical parametric amplifier inside coupled optical resonators

rency-like (EIT-like) effect and the optical parameter conversion process at the same time in one optical device. These properties can favor higher manipulation precision and control efficiency, which is more suitable for the integration of quantum-on-chip systems, laying a foundation for the practical application of quantum information.     

唐古特白刺粗多糖矿质元素分析

对唐古特白刺粗多糖中17种矿质元素(Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Co、Ni、Se、Cr、Mg、Ca、K、Na、P、As、Hg、Pb和Cd)进行了测定,结果表明:唐古特白刺粗多糖不仅含有较多的人体必需的常量元素(K、Ca和Na),而且还含有较多的人体必需微量元素(Fe、Zn和Mn),尤其以Fe的含量为高;非必需的微量元素(有害元素As、Hg、Pb、Cd)的含量则比较低,低于1 mg/kg。     

响应面法优化青海产树莓中总多酚的超声提取工艺研究

对超声辅助提取青海产树莓中总多酚的工艺进行了研究。在单因素试验的基础上选择提取次数、超声时间、乙醇体积分数、料液比4个因素为自变量,以树莓中总多酚的提取率为响应值,进行Box-Behnken中心组合试验设计,采用响应面法(RSM)优化了树莓总多酚的提取工艺。结果表明,超声辅助提取树莓中总多酚的最佳工艺条件为:超声提取2次,乙醇体积分数51%,料液比1︰22(g/m L),超声时间30 min,在此条件下预测总多酚的得率为1.023%。