开挖条件下路基边坡的时效稳定分析

针对开挖条件下路基边坡变形的时效特点,依据Mohr-Coulomb塑性屈服理论,建立了黏弹塑性流变模型,并通过理论推导,得出了模型的本构方程式。结合工程算例,其计算结果显示:在路基边坡坡面浅层范围、坡脚位置及坡顶局部范围,安全系数变化大,并随着时间的延续安全系数逐渐减小。该结果能为判断路基边坡时效是否稳定提供依据。     

Experimental study of oscillation behaviors in confined impinging jets reactor under excitation

Dynamic behaviors in a three‐dimensional confined impinging jets reactor (CIJR) under excitation were experimentally studied by a flow visualization technique at 75 ≤ Re ≤ 150. The effects of inlet Reynolds numbers (Re), excitation frequencies and excitation amplitudes on the oscillation behaviors in CIJR have been investigated by a particle image velocimetry (PIV) and a high‐speed camera. Results indicate that the excitation in the inflow of the opposed jets can induce periodic oscillation of the impingement plane along the axis, whose oscillation frequency is equal to the excitation frequency. At Re ≤ 100, the induced axial oscillation can further cause a deflective oscillation with a frequency nearly equal to the excitation, and the scale of the vortex in the impingement plane is well regulated by the excitation frequency. At Re = 150, the excitation of amplitude less than 20% has insignificant effect on the deflective oscillation existing in CIJR. A semiempirical formula has been proposed to predict the oscillation amplitude of the impingement plane in CIJR under excitation. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 333–341, 2015     

基于小波分析的比色测温波段选择

基于辐射测温原理,介绍了比色测温理论,为提高钢水的测温精度,对比色测温波长进行了最佳选择。搭建实验平台,获得了不同温度下的熔融金属辐射亮度曲线,通过小波去噪方法获得信噪比较高的亮度曲线,利用Matlab软件作出了波长选择的GUI界面。当滤波片中心波长选择为λ1=580nm,λ2=590nm时,测量误差满足了测量精度要求。     

基于GIS考虑准动态湿度指数的滑坡危险性预测水文-力学耦合模型研究

降雨在区域浅层滑坡灾害危险性预测研究中起着关键作用。为综合斜坡地形因素和由降雨引起的地表水下渗、地下水径流对斜坡稳定性的影响,结合基于物理过程的无限斜坡模型和基于数字高程模型 DEM 的简化运动波模型,提出考虑准动态湿度指数的滑坡危险性预测水文-力学耦合模型。该模型基于地理信息系统GIS平台,采用矢量-栅格复合单元对斜坡进行危险性分析(即以斜坡单元为基本研究对象,用栅格数据进行单个斜坡单元稳定性分析)。首先,基于极限平衡理论推导无限斜坡模型;然后,在考虑降雨强度以及持续时间的情况下应用简化的运动波模型计算降雨入渗和地下水径流作用过程中的地形准动态湿度指数,得到滑坡土体饱和因子在时间和空间上的分布情况,并在此基础上实现水文模型与无限斜坡模型的耦合;最后,以三峡库区巴东新城区滑坡灾害危险性预测为例,验证模型在区域浅层滑坡灾害危险性预测中具有较高的精度。     

邻避设施选址过程中公共参与方式选择研究

邻避设施在选址过程中阻碍重重,不仅有悖项目初衷,也不利于社会的稳定与发展.以公共参与方式选择为主线,阐释公共参与方式的选择原则,将整个设施选址过程划分为选址启动、多方案编制、环境影响评价和方案确定四个阶段分别进行分析,最后总结出邻避设施选址过程公共参与方式选择表.     

低能量沥青温拌技术的应用与实践

低能量沥青温拌技术作为沥青混合料泡沫温拌技术的一种,其生产、施工过程中不需要添加任何温拌剂,因没有温拌剂生产过程的能耗与排放,系统能耗更低,并且在节约成本方面具有明显优势,这使得低能量沥青温拌技术迅猛发展,成为当前世界各国最感兴趣的温拌技术之一。笔者通过其与热拌沥青混合料的对比,介绍了低能量沥青温拌技术在欧洲的应用和实践,提出了低能量沥青温拌技术推广应用需要解决的关键性问题。     

Joining different metallic sheets without protrusion by flat hole clinching process

In this paper, we propose an architecture based on an artificial neural network (ANN), to learn welding skills automatically in industrial robots. With the aid of an optic camera and a laser-based sensor, the bead geometry (width and height) is measured. We propose a real-time computer vision algorithm to extract training patterns in order to acquire knowledge to later predict specific geometries. The proposal is implemented and tested in an industrial KUKA KR16 robot and a GMAW type machine within a manufacturing cell. Several data analysis are described as well as off-line and on-line training, learning strategies, and testing experimentation. It is demonstrated during our experiments that, after learning the skill, the robot is able to produce the requested bead geometry even without any knowledge about the welding parameters such as arc voltage and current. We implemented an on-line learning test, where the whole experiments and learning process take only about 4 min. Using this knowledge later, we obtained up to 95 % accuracy in prediction.     

车轮的感应加热淬火工艺

分别采用同时加热淬火方式和连续加热淬火方式对45钢锻件车轮进行感应淬火研究。结果表明：采用连续加热淬火方式(感应器与工件间隙6 mm、输出功率为339 kW、频率为6.3 kHz),用清水进行喷淋冷却,然后对其进行230℃×2 h炉中回火处理后,车轮外表面踏面及倒圆角区域的表面硬度为509～599 HV0.2(50～55 HRC)、淬硬层深度为3.4～4.7 mm、显微组织级别为5～7级,均能达到其技术要求,并在工业化试生产中取得了较好的应用效果。     

动态场景下移动机器人视觉SLAM

为实现动态场景下移动机器人自主定位和建图,解决传统视觉里程计方法跟踪效果差及累积误差问题,提升闭环检测的准确性和鲁棒性,提出融合深度学习的同时定位与地图构建方法。采用四叉树算法均匀化特征分布,解决动态场景特征聚集问题;通过优化的目标检测网络识别场景动态语义信息,剔除动态物体对位姿估计的干扰;充分提取场景空间结构信息,结合点特征和线特征实现位姿跟踪及回环检测,构建全局一致的环境地图。TUM数据集和真实场景实验结果表明：改进方法提升了移动机器人定位和建图的准确性和鲁棒性。