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研究了溶质原子浓度、Si晶体第二相、残余形变、外加莫来石(Mullite)短纤维及其交互作用,对二元Al—Cu合金时效析出行为的影响。试验材料采用挤压铸造方法制备,复合材料中纤维体积分数为18%。实验结果表明:随溶质原子浓度的升高,A1-Cu二元合金中GP,θ″和θ′相的析出都得到了相应加快;Si含量超过一定值后,随Si含量增加,A1-Cu-Si合金中GP区形成受到抑制,而θ″和θ′相的析出得到加快;形变对GP区的抑制和对θ″,θ′和θ相的加速析出具有十分明显的作用;纤维本身除对GP区抑制和对θ″,θ′相的析出加速外,还会与溶质原子、合金元素或第二相以及残余形变交互作用,使GP区被抑制,而θ″,θ′甚至θ相被加速析出等现象进一步加强。用位错理论能较好地解释析出反应延缓与加速的微观机理。 相似文献
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采用微型样品测试方法测试了俄罗斯及国产合金化Mo-3Nb单晶的室温力学性能。结果表明:俄罗斯Mo-3Nb单晶屈服强度、抗拉强度、显微硬度比国产Mo-3Nb单晶要高,而延伸率略低;微观分析发现俄罗斯单晶基体Nb含量略高于国内研制的单晶且含有一定数量的棒状强化物。微观组织和成分的差异是引起2种Mo-3Nb单晶力学性能差异的主要原因。 相似文献
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光催化剂SrTiO3的制备及其性能的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
论述用化学液相共沉淀法制备SrTiO_3的最佳条件,及在不同的活化条件下对SrTiO_3光催化性能的影响。此外还研究了掺入过渡金属氧化物对SrTiO_3催化性能的改善。 相似文献
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Ming Cheng Weinong Chen Jianping Jiang 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2005,88(6):1666-1668
A novel microscopy is developed for evaluating the fracture toughness of thin ceramic sheets using the micro-indentation method. This microscopy overcomes the theoretical limit of measurement resolution associated with optical microscopes. Using a modified optical microscope, the crack lengths produced by micro-indentation on the surface of an as-fired ceramic sheet can now be measured. Experimental results on an 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia ceramic substrate show that the accuracy of the fracture toughness evaluation is satisfactory. This micro-indentation fracture toughness evaluation method is efficient and economical for thin ceramic substrate surfaces, either polished or as-fired. 相似文献
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We prepared biodegradable extruded starch blends by first mixing starch with additives and then processing the mixture in an extruder. The mechanical properties, including tensile strength and elongation at break, solubility, biodegradability, rheological properties, molecular weight, and glass‐transition temperature of the extruded blends were studied. Glycerol and urea, to some extent, could both decrease the tensile strength and increase the percentage elongation at break because the former acts as a plasticizer and the latter can break down interactions among starch macromolecules. The extruded starch blends showed thermoplasticity, and their melts behaved as pseudoplastic liquids at a comparatively low shear rate. The biodegradability of the extruded starch was slightly higher than that of native starch. The molecular weight of starch displayed a decreasing tendency after extruding modification. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 627–635, 2003 相似文献
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The photografting copolymerization of a low‐density polyethylene/vinyl acetate (VAC)–maleic anhydride (MAH) binary monomer system was studied from the perspective of dynamics. The total conversion percentage (CP) and grafting conversion percentage (CG) were measured by gravimetry. On the basis of plots of CP and CG as functions of the polymerization time, the total polymerization rate (RP) and grafting polymerization rate (RG) were calculated. In addition, the apparent activation energy (Ea) and the reaction orders of the photografting polymerization under different reaction conditions, such as the total monomer concentration and the concentration of benzophenone (BP), were determined also. The results showed that, in comparison with the photografting polymerization of the two single monomers (VAC and MAH), RP and RG noticeably increased for the VAC–MAH binary monomer system. When the total monomer concentration was kept at 4M, the apparent Ea's of the three photografting polymerization systems were as follows: for VAC ([MAH]/[VAC] = 0/4), Ea's for the total polymerization and grafting polymerization were 41.00 and 43.90 kJ/mol, respectively; for MAH ([MAH]/[VAC] = 4/0, Ea's were 39.65 and 43.23 kJ/mol, respectively; and for the VAC–MAH binary monomer system, Ea's were 34.35 and 40.32 kJ/mol, respectively. These results suggested that the polymerization of the binary system occurred more readily than the other two. The reaction orders of RP with respect to the total monomer concentration of the monomers and the concentration of BP were 1.34 and 0.81, respectively. According to these investigations, it could be inferred that in the binary monomer system, both the free monomers and charge‐transfer complex took part in the polymerization; to the termination of the propagating chains, two possible pathways, unimolecular termination and bimolecular termination, coexisted in this binary monomer system. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 910–915, 2005 相似文献