FBOLES—outline of a frequency-based on-line expert system approach for fault diagnoses in nuclear power plants

The basic concept of a novel frequency-based on-line expert system (FBOLES) approach for on-line fault diagnoses in nuclear power plants has been presented previously. This paper reports further progress, and includes how to express the uncertainties of expert opinion in knowledge-bases and propagate then in inferences, and how to deal with imperfect knowledge-bases. It also describes the main elements of FBOLES and outlines how the system works under complex conditions including the dynamic behavior of signals during accidents, multiple failures, and on-line changes of plant operation mode. Its ability to diagnose root causes of accidents has been tested using the main steam and feedwater condensate systems of a full-scale, three-loop, 950 MW nuclear power plant simulated by the Tsinghua simulator. So far the results seem good.     

Purification and renaturation of recombinant human lymphotoxin (tumour necrosis factor beta) expressed in Escherichia coli as inclusion bodies

High level expression of recombinant human tumour necrosis factor β (rh TNF-β) in Escherichia coli results in the formation of two portions of protein, namely soluble active protein and insoluble protein which is inactive and aggregates in the form of inclusion bodies (IBs). In this study, a procedure for purification and renaturation of rh TNF-β from inclusion bodies has been designed and verified experimentally with a product purity of more than 90% and a recovery of about 30%. The procedure includes washing of IBs with specific wash buffer (Triton X-100/EDTA/lysozyme/PMSF), their solubilization with 8 mol dm^?3 alkaline urea, purification with ion-exchange columns, refolding with renaturation buffer and finally concentration and desalination with an ultrafiltration membrane. The characteristics of the renatured protein were identical with those of purified protein from the soluble fraction as demonstrated by (1) SDS-PAGE, (2) cytotoxic activity on mouse L929 cells, (3) N-terminal amino acid sequence, and (4) gel filtration chromatography.     

Monolithic SiGe Up‐/Down‐Conversion Mixers with Active Baluns

The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation of monolithically matching circuits, interface circuits, and RF core circuits to the same substrate. We designed and fabricated on‐chip 1 to 6 GHz up‐conversion and 1 to 8 GHz down‐conversion mixers using a 0.8 µm SiGe hetero‐junction bipolar transistor (HBT) process technology. To fabricate a SiGe HBT, we used a reduced pressure chemical vapor deposition (RPCVD) system to grow a base epitaxial layer, and we adopted local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) isolation to separate the device terminals. An up‐conversion mixer was implemented on‐chip using an intermediate frequency (IF) matching circuit, local oscillator (LO)/radio frequency (RF) wideband matching circuits, LO/IF input balun circuits, and an RF output balun circuit. The measured results of the fabricated up‐conversion mixer show a positive power conversion gain from 1 to 6 GHz and a bandwidth of about 4.5 GHz. Also, the down‐conversion mixer was implemented on‐chip using LO/RF wideband matching circuits, LO/RF input balun circuits, and an IF output balun circuit. The measured results of the fabricated down‐conversion mixer show a positive power conversion gain from 1 to 8 GHz and a bandwidth of about 4.5 GHz.     

浅析硫磺回收装置中的自动控制设计

大规模高含硫原油的炼制工艺必须配套设置脱硫和硫磺回收装置。笔者针对硫磺回收装置的特点,为确保装置的安全平稳运行,提出了该装置自动控制设计中需要严格监控的工艺参数及重点部位,叙述了仪表选型原则和精确测量与控制的原理和方法。     

用MAXScript脚本语言生成分形图形

介绍了分形生成技术的原理与性质、MAXScript脚本语言的特点及功能，详细叙述了用MAXScript脚本语言生成分形图形的设计思想和实现方法。针对分形几何的特点，以具有严格自相似性的分形树为例，通过解释源代码、描述程序运行过程和结果，以及对生成的图片用3DSMAX进行再处理，分析了在3DSMAX环境中用MAXScript脚本语言生成分形图形这一新方法的优点和不足。     

Can Robots Manifest Personality?: An Empirical Test of Personality Recognition,Social Responses,and Social Presence in Human–Robot Interaction

Personality is an essential feature for creating socially interactive robots. Studies on this dimension will facilitate enhanced human–robot interaction (HRI). Using AIBO, a social robotic pet developed by Sony, we examined the issue of personality in HRI. In this gender-balanced 2 (AIBO personality: introvert vs. extrovert) by 2 (participant personality: introvert vs. extrovert) between-subject experiment (N = 48), we found that participants could accurately recognize a robot's personality based on its verbal and nonverbal behaviors. In addition, various complementarity attraction effects were found in HRI. Participants enjoyed interacting with a robot more when the robot's personality was complementary to their own personalities than when the robot's personality was similar to their own personalities. The same complementarity attraction effect was found in participants' evaluation of the robot's intelligence and social attraction. Participants' feelings of social presence during the interaction were a significant mediator for the complementarity attraction effects observed. Practical and theoretical implications of the current study for the design of social robots and the study of HRI were discussed.     

Master sintering curve concepts as applied to the sintering of molybdenum

Sintering experiments with various molybdenum powders are rationalized using a master sintering curve concept that collapses density, grain size, or other parameters onto a single curve. In this case, the integral work of sintering is developed and customized for different green densities. Construction of the master sintering curve is described to show how the curve can be normalized with respect to green density effects. Various grades of molybdenum for metal injection molding and die compaction are included in the analysis, processed over a range of heating cycles. Die-compacted samples of varying green densities are used to illustrate the efficacy of the new, normalized master sintering curve concept. Sintering cycle optimization is one possible outcome from this analysis.