Classification‐Based Approach for Hybridizing Statistical and Rule‐Based Machine Translation

In this paper, we propose a classification‐based approach for hybridizing statistical machine translation and rule‐based machine translation. Both the training dataset used in the learning of our proposed classifier and our feature extraction method affect the hybridization quality. To create one such training dataset, a previous approach used auto‐evaluation metrics to determine from a set of component machine translation (MT) systems which gave the more accurate translation (by a comparative method). Once this had been determined, the most accurate translation was then labelled in such a way so as to indicate the MT system from which it came. In this previous approach, when the metric evaluation scores were low, there existed a high level of uncertainty as to which of the component MT systems was actually producing the better translation. To relax such uncertainty or error in classification, we propose an alternative approach to such labeling; that is, a cut‐off method. In our experiments, using the aforementioned cut‐off method in our proposed classifier, we managed to achieve a translation accuracy of 81.5% — a 5.0% improvement over existing methods.     

一种用于PIR控制芯片的级联积分梳状滤波器

从级联积分梳状滤波器(CIC)的原理出发,考虑到红外热释电传感器(PIR)采集信号的频率变化范围,设计了用于PIR控制芯片并对PIR传感器采集信号进行滤波的CIC滤波器。在MODSIM中对滤波器电路进行仿真,结果表明,低通和高通达到设计指标。对流片后的样片进行测试,在0.5~7 Hz频率范围内有比较明显的带通效果,带通外的频率需要增大输入信号幅值才能触发。与国外同类PIR控制芯片PS206作对比,基本达到了PS206芯片的性能。     

激光重频对脉冲非稳腔TEA CO2激光远场传输特性的影响分析

为了研究TEA CO2激光重复频率对远场光束特性的影响,首先采用有限元方法计算了不同重复频率下反射镜的温度场和热变形分布,然后采用协方差矩阵法对镜面热变形进行了Zernike拟合,最后结合衍射的角谱传播理论和功率谱反演法分析了不同重频TEA CO2激光经过内光路热畸变作用后的远场光束特性。研究表明:在净吸收能量相同的情况下,随着重复频率的增大,反射镜的温度逐渐升高,热变形量逐渐增大,经过内光路热畸变作用后,远场光束的Sr和平均能量密度Ed逐渐减小,参数逐渐增大,光束质量逐渐变差;对于TEA CO2激光,重频为300 Hz的Ed值仅为10 Hz的40%,远场光束的峰值光强下降了43%,光斑展宽了近60%。文中的研究结果为TEA CO2激光发射系统的优化设计提供可靠的依据。     

刀口法测平顶光斑和高斯光斑半径的新算法

为了测量平顶光斑和高斯光斑的半径,采用刀口法进行了理论分析和实验验证,并且提出了新的迭代算法。刀口的间距与光斑半径存在正比关系,求出了相应的比例系数。在实际测量中,测得刀口的间距后再乘上相应的系数就可以得到光斑半径。结果表明,将迭代法进行推广,可用于求任意已知强度分布式的光斑半径。     

彩铃系统风险分析及安全性提升措施研究

彩铃系统作为成熟型增值业务,用户群庞大且对业务收入贡献较高。保证彩铃业务连续性和数据安全性是系统建设的重点。本文以移动某省彩铃系统为例,从彩铃平台的设备层、网络层、业务层逐层分析彩铃系统存在的风险。并以彩铃平台承载业务的重要程度对风险进行分级,提出安全性提升原则和具体方案。     

Biomimetic Bidirectional Switchable Adhesive Inspired by the Gecko

The gecko adhesive system has attracted significant attention since the discovery that van der Waals interactions, which are always present between surfaces, are predominantly responsible for their adhesion. The unique anisotropic frictional–adhesive capabilities of the gecko adhesive system originate from complex hierarchical structures and just as importantly, the anisotropic articulation of the structures. Here, by cleverly engineering asymmetric polymeric microstructures, a reusable switchable gecko‐like adhesive can be fabricated yielding steady high adhesion ( ≈ 1.25 N/cm²) and friction ( ≈ 2.8 N/cm²) forces when actuated for “gripping”, yet release easily with minimal adhesion ( ≈ 0.34 N/cm²) and friction (≈ 0.38 N/cm²) forces during detachment or “releasing”, over multiple attachment/detachment cycles, with a relatively small normal preload of 0.16 N/cm² to initiate the adhesion. These adhesives can also be used to reversibly suspend weights from vertical (e.g., walls), and horizontal (e.g., ceilings) surfaces by simultaneously and judiciously activating anisotropic friction and adhesion forces. This design opens the way for new gecko‐like adhesive surfaces and articulation mechanisms that do not rely on intensive nanofabrication in order to recover the anisotropic tribological property of gecko adhesive pads, albeit with lower adhesive forces compared to geckos.     

Bisanthracene‐Based Donor–Acceptor‐type Light‐Emitting Dopants: Highly Efficient Deep‐Blue Emission in Organic Light‐Emitting Devices

Deep‐blue fluorescent compounds are particularly important in organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs). A donor–accepotor (DA)‐type blue‐emitting compound, 1‐(10‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)anthracen‐9‐yl)‐4‐(10‐(4‐cyanophenyl)anthracen‐9‐yl)benzene ( BD3 ), is synthesized, and for comparison, a nonDA‐type compound, 1,4‐bis(10‐phenylanthracene‐9‐yl)benzene ( BD1 ) and a weak DA‐type compound, 1‐(10‐phenylanthracen‐9‐yl)‐4‐(10‐(4‐cyanophenyl)anthracen‐9‐yl)‐benzene ( BD2 ), are also synthesized. The twisted conformations of the two anthracene units in the compounds, confirmed by single crystal X‐ray analysis, effectively prevent π‐conjugation, and the compound shows deep‐blue photoluminescence (PL) with a high PL quantum efficiency, almost independent of the solvent polarity, resulting from the absence of an intramolecular charge transfer state. The DA‐type molecule BD3 in a non‐doped device exhibits a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 4.2% with a slight roll‐off, indicating good charge balance due to the DA‐type molecular design. In the doped device with 4,4′‐bis(N‐carbazolyl)‐1,1′‐biphenyl (CBP) host, the BD3 exhibits higher EQE than 10% with Commission International de L'Eclairge (CIE) coordinates of (0.15, 0.06) and a narrow full‐width at half‐maximum of 45 nm, which is close to the CIE of the high definition television standard blue.     

Three‐Dimensional Branched Nanowire Heterostructures as Efficient Light‐Extraction Layer in Light‐Emitting Diodes

A facile method to fabricate three‐dimensional branched ZnO/MgO nanowire heterostructures and their application as the efficient light‐extraction layer in light‐emitting diodes are reported. The branched MgO nanowires are produced on the hydrothermally‐grown ZnO nanowires with a small tapering angle towards the tip (≈6°), by the oblique angle flux incidence of MgO. The structural evolution during the growth verifies the formation of the MgO nanoscale islands with strong (111) preferred orientation on very thin (5–7 nm) MgO (110) layer. The MgO nanobranches, then grown on the islands, are polycrystalline consisting of many grains oriented in specific directions of <200> and <220>, supported by the nucleation theory. The LEDs with the branched ZnO/MgO nanowire arrays show a remarkable enhancement in the light output power by 21% compared with that of LEDs with pristine ZnO nanowires. Theoretical calculations using a finite‐difference time‐domain method reveal that the nanostructure is very effective in breaking the wave‐guiding mode inside the ZnO nanowires, extracting more light especially in radial direction through the MgO nanobranches.     

Membrane‐Based Self‐Powered Triboelectric Sensors for Pressure Change Detection and Its Uses in Security Surveillance and Healthcare Monitoring

A new membrane‐based triboelectric sensor (M‐TES) is presented as a self‐powered pressure change sensor. It generates a voltage induced by surface triboelectric charges in response to an air pressure change. Extremely high detection resolutions of 0.34 Pa and 0.16 Pa are achieved when the air pressure increases and decreases in a small region away from the ambient standard atmosphere pressure, respectively, indicating an excellent sensitivity. By integrating the M‐TES with a signal processing unit, we demonstrate practical applications of the device in sensing footsteps, respirations, and heartbeat, which suggests widespread use of the M‐TES in fields of security surveillance, chemical engineering, geography research, environment monitoring, and personal healthcare.     

通信系统集成电磁兼容分析与设计

通信系统集成设计涉及各种发射功率大、接收灵敏高、设备类型多的无线通信设备加装集成.在有限的空间集成多种无线通信设备,必然面临多天线共址电磁兼容问题.对此,提供天线间的电磁干扰矩阵分析方法,并给出同频、谐波和宽带噪声干扰量化分析方法,从布局、布线、共址抵消及频谱管理等方面总结系统集成电磁兼容设计方法,对各种通信车辆和无人平台等通信系统的集成设计具有重要的参考意义.