Indentation creep behaviors of Mg61Cu28Gd11 and （Mg61Cu28Gd11）99.5Sb0.5 bulk metallic glasses at room temperature

The room temperature creep behaviors of Mg61Cu28Gd11 and(Mg61Cu28Gd11)99.5Sb0.5 bulk metallic glasses(BMGs) were revealed by means of nanoindentation technique.The creep mechanism was explored by characterization of creep rate sensitivity,creep compliance and retardation spectra.The results showed that the experimental creep curves could be well described by a generalized Kelvin model.The low creep rate sensitivity of both Mg-based BMGs indicated that their room temperature creep was dominated by localized shear flow.In addition,the(Mg61Cu28Gd11)99.5Sb0.5 glassy alloy exhibited lower creep rate sensitivity,creep compliance and milder retardation peak,indicating its higher creep-resistance and less relaxed state.Furthermore,the creep retardation spectrum consisted of two relatively separated peaks with the well defined characteristic relaxation times.     

应用BP神经网络的超高压输电线路可听噪声预测

以甘肃省多条330 kV超高压输电线路可听噪声的实测数据样本为例,研究基于误差反传(back propagation,BP)神经网络的可听噪声预测的方法。将330 kV单回路三角型线路结构输电线路的可听噪声数据整理分析后建立数据样本,选择影响可听噪声的13个因素作为输入变量,可听噪声值作为输出变量,建立3层结构的BP神经网络预测模型,用数据样本训练和验证预测模型。结果表明,基于BP神经网络的可听噪声预测方法能够较精确地预测可听噪声数据样本中除了输入样本以外的其余样本,可作为超高压输电线路可听噪声预测的一种简单有效的方法。     

渝东南地区阳春沟构造带五峰组—龙马溪组页岩构造裂缝特征及形成期次解析

渝东南地区阳春沟构造带是页岩气勘探有利区,构造裂缝发育特征和期次研究有助于评价该地区页岩气储层物性和保存条件。以渝东南地区阳春沟构造带五峰组—龙马溪组页岩构造裂缝为研究对象,通过岩心观察、成像测井解释、包裹体测温、磷灰石裂变径迹测年和区域构造运动演化等手段,对页岩构造裂缝发育的特征及形成期次进行研究,进而分析构造裂缝形成与页岩气成藏过程的匹配关系。研究结果表明,阳春沟地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩中的构造裂缝非常发育,被方解石充填,多处呈现不同期次裂缝交错切割形成复杂缝网,并可见揉皱、微断层等现象。这些裂缝形成于3期构造运动：第一期为北北西向、北西西向和北东向裂缝,以方解石和黄铁矿全充填为主,形成于燕山运动中期,磷灰石裂变径迹测年为82～95 Ma,包裹体测温为190～210℃;第二期为北北东向、北东东向平面剪切缝和北西向剖面剪切缝,以方解石充填—半充填为主,形成于燕山运动晚期,磷灰石裂变径迹测年为68～78 Ma,包裹体测温为165～185℃;第三期为北北东向、北东东向平面剪切缝和北西向剖面剪切缝,并对前期裂缝进行改造,裂缝以方解石充填为主,形成于燕山末期—喜马拉雅期,磷灰石裂变径迹测年为...     

Predicting the dynamic behavior of asphalt concrete using three-dimensional discrete element method

A user-defined three-dimensional(3D)discrete element model was presented to predict the dynamic modulus and phase angle of asphalt concrete(AC).The 3D discrete element method(DEM)model of AC was constructed employing a user-defined computer program developed using the "Fish" language in PFC3D.Important microstructural features of AC were modeled,including aggregate gradation,air voids and mastic.The irregular shape of aggregate particle was modeled using a clump of spheres.The developed model was validated through comparing with experimental measurements and then used to simulate the cyclic uniaxial compression test,based on which the dynamic modulus and phase angle were calculated from the output stress-strain relationship.The effects of air void content,aggregate stiffness and volumetric fraction on AC modulus were further investigated.The experimental results show that the 3D DEM model is able to accurately predict both dynamic modulus and phase angle of AC across a range of temperature and loading frequencies.The user-defined 3D model also demonstrated significant improvement over the general existing two-dimensional models.     

α-Al_2O_3:C单晶的β辐射热释光与光释光性能研究

以高纯碳粉作为碳源直接加入原料,采用导模法(EFG)生长了α-Al2O3:C单晶。研究了晶体经过低剂量β射线辐照后的热释光与光释光特性,α-Al2O3:C单晶的热释光发光曲线在350 K、540 K和689 K附近有3个热释光峰,540 K附近为主要热释光峰,689 K附近为新的热释光峰,发现晶体的陷阱能级深度发生变化并产生了新深度的陷阱能级;随着β吸收剂量的增加,发光强度也随之增强,但是3个热释光峰温位置大致保持不变。在多次连续同剂量辐照过程中,随着辐照次数的增加,主热释光峰强度增强,峰温向高温方向偏移。α-Al2O3:C单晶的光释光衰减曲线呈指数变化,其由前期快衰减部分和后期慢衰减部分组成,快衰减部分衰减速率随着吸收剂量的增加变化很小,而慢衰减部分衰减速率则有较为明显的减慢。在低剂量范围内(低于10Gy),热释光和光释光过程灵敏度不随吸收剂量而变化,剂量响应曲线呈线性的特点。     

Heterostructured TiO2 Nanorod@Nanobowl Arrays for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Heterostructured TiO₂ nanorod@nanobowl (NR@NB) arrays consisting of rutile TiO₂ nanorods grown on the inner surface of arrayed anatase TiO₂ nanobowls are designed and fabricated as a new type of photoanodes for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. The unique heterostructures with a hierarchical architecture are readily fabricated by interfacial nanosphere lithography followed by hydrothermal growth. Owing to the two‐dimensionally arrayed structure of anatase nanobowls and the nearly radial alignment of rutile nanorods, the TiO₂ NR@NB arrays provide multiple scattering centers and hence exhibit an enhanced light harvesting ability. Meanwhile, the large surface area of the NR@NB arrays enhances the contact with the electrolyte while the nanorods offer direct pathways for fast electron transfer. Moreover, the rutile/anatase phase junction in the NR@NB heterostructure improves charge separation because of the facilitated electron transfer. Accordingly, the PEC measurements of the TiO₂ NR@NB arrays on the fluoride‐doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate show significantly enhanced photocatalytic properties for water splitting. Under AM1.5G solar light irradiation, the unmodified TiO₂ NR@NB array photoelectrode yields a photocurrent density of 1.24 mA cm^–2 at 1.23 V with respect to the reversible hydrogen electrode, which is almost two times higher than that of the TiO₂ nanorods grown directly on the FTO substrate.     

基于差示扫描量热分析和流变探究环氧大豆油增韧环氧树脂的固化过程

以聚醚胺D230为固化剂,研究了不同环氧大豆油含量(占双酚A型环氧树脂E-44的5%,10%,15%)增韧环氧树脂固化体系的反应动力学理论及流变行为。通过升温非模型中的KAS法对环氧树脂固化体系的差示扫描量热分析数据进行了研究,得出了固化动力学参数随体系环氧大豆油含量和升温速率的变化规律,并发现该反应由初期的无催化转向自催化反应,最后阶段则由化学控制转为扩散控制。通过旋转流变仪对环氧树脂固化过程进行流变分析,升温流变结果表明,体系中含有的环氧大豆油含量越多,凝胶点出现的时间越早;等温流变结果则表明,温度越高,凝胶点出现的时间越早;同时流变分析也表明,反应后期由于体系黏度过大,反应会由化学控制转变为扩散控制。通过计算,可得出环氧大豆油质量占环氧树脂10%的固化体系凝胶活化能为54.75kJ/mol。     

基于深度学习的机器阅读理解研究综述

机器阅读理解任务在近年来备受关注,它赋予计算机从文本数据中获取知识和回答问题的能力。如何让机器理解自然语言是人工智能领域长期存在的挑战之一,近年来大规模高质量数据集的发布和深度学习技术的运用,使得机器阅读理解取得了快速发展。基于神经网络的端到端的模型结构,基于预训练语言模型以及推理技术的应用,其性能在大规模评测数据集上有很大提升,但距离真正的理解语言还有较大差距。本文对机器阅读理解任务的研究现状与发展趋势进行了综述,主要包括任务划分、机器阅读理解模型与相关技术的分析,特别是基于知识推理的机器阅读理解技术,总结并讨论了该领域的发展趋势。     

丽江纳西民居中土坯材料的初探

丽江纳西民居多以土为建材,其方式主要有夯土、土坯、陶瓦等3种.其中,土坯是目前应用最广泛的墙体材料,具有宜居性、操作性、环保性和艺术性等方面的很多优点.本文通过对丽江纳西民居的实地调研和分析,研究和总结出土坯材料的优缺点,进而对其强度、抗震性等方面存在的一些缺点提出相应的改进措施.