Optimal scale factors for Gaussian field expansions for a circular aperture

Gaussian field expansions for circular aperture antennas are reviewed, and a method for finding optimal scales in these expansions is given, paralleling the method for rectangular antennas presented in an earlier paper. This procedure is shown to lead to approximations structured in the sense that the number of lobes in the approximation corresponds to the number of terms retained in the expansion. An example is given of the development of a cosine distribution from the aperture, through the Fresnel region, to the far field.     

Analysis of interinjection-locked oscillators for integrated phased arrays

The behavior of a system of coupled oscillators is shown to have potential applications in the generation of power for integrated phased antenna arrays. Nonlinear differential equations are derived to describe a system of oscillators coupled by an arbitrary frequency-dependent network. State-variable analysis of the linearized equations leads to closed-form solutions for one- and two-dimensional phased array systems. Experimental data for a VHF prototype system is presented, and practical considerations in system design are discussed.     

Eggs of a female Japanese quail are more likely to be fertilized by a male that she prefers.

Male Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) that conspecific females preferred in a 10-min, forced-choice test of affiliative preference were more likely than were males not preferred in such a test to fertilize females' eggs when subsequently mated with them, although preferred and nonpreferred males mated equally often with females. Further, the probability that a nonpreferred male would fertilize a female's eggs was significantly increased if she watched while he courted and mated with another female. The results indicate that in Japanese quail (a) affiliative preference reliably predicts females' choices of fathers for their offspring and (b) females may have some degree of control over whether the males with whom they mate actually fertilize their eggs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Developing and implementing CIM systems for process manufacturers and distributors

This paper will present how Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) has evolved from a concept to an emerging practice amoung many manufacturers. It will focus on practices and systems implementations currently being undertaken today in two of the fastest growing currently being undertaken today in two of the faster growing environments. It will discuss the application modules and support programs necessary of a successful CIM implementation. Case studies and examples will be presented.     

Deception detection through automatic, unobtrusive analysis of nonverbal behavior

Every day, hundreds of thousands of people pass through airport security checkpoints, border crossing stations, or other security screening measures. Security professionals must sift through countless interactions and ferret out high-risk individuals who represent a danger to other citizens. During each interaction, the security professional must decide whether the individual is being forthright or deceptive. This task is difficult because of the limits of human vigilance and perception and the small percentage of individuals who actually harbor hostile intent. Our research initiative is based on a behavioral approach to deception detection. We attempted to build an automated system that can infer deception or truthfulness from a set of features extracted from head and hands movements in a video. A validated and reliable behaviorally based deception analysis system could potentially have great impacts in augmenting humans' abilities to assess credibility. An automated, unobtrusive system identifies behavioral patterns that indicate deception from nonverbal behavioral cues and classifies deception and truth more accurately than many humans.     

Semi‐implicit reversible algorithms for rigid body rotational dynamics

This paper presents two semi‐implicit algorithms based on splitting methodology for rigid body rotational dynamics. The first algorithm is a variation of partitioned Runge–Kutta (PRK) methodology that can be formulated as a splitting method. The second algorithm is akin to a multiple time stepping scheme and is based on modified Crouch–Grossman (MCG) methodology, which can also be expressed as a splitting algorithm. These algorithms are second‐order accurate and time‐reversible; however, they are not Poisson integrators, i.e. non‐symplectic. These algorithms conserve some of the first integrals of motion, but some others are not conserved; however, the fluctuations in these invariants are bounded over exponentially long time intervals. These algorithms exhibit excellent long‐term behaviour because of their reversibility property and their (approximate) Poisson structure preserving property. The numerical results indicate that the proposed algorithms exhibit superior performance compared to some of the currently well known algorithms such as the Simo–Wong algorithm, Newmark algorithm, discrete Moser–Veselov algorithm, Lewis–Simo algorithm, and the LIEMID[EA] algorithm. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Deformation-induced phase transformation and strain hardening in type 304 austenitic stainless steel

Deformation-induced phase transformation in a type 304 austenitic stainless steel has been studied in tension at room temperature and −50 °C. The evolution of transformation products was monitored using X-ray diffraction (XRD) line profile analysis of diffraction peaks from a single XRD scan employing the direct comparison method. Crystallographic texture transitions due to deformation strain have been evaluated using (111) _γ pole figures. The tensile stress-strain data have been analyzed to explain the influence of underlying deformation-induced microstructural changes and associated texture changes in the steel. It is found that the initial stage of rapidly decreasing strain hardening rate in type 304 steel is primarily influenced by hcp ɛ-martensite formation, and the second stage of increasing strain hardening rate is associated with an increase in the α′-martensite formation. The formation of ɛ-martensite is associated with a gradual strengthening of the copper-type texture components up to 15 pct strain and decreasing with further strain at −50 °C. Texture changes during low-temperature deformation not only change the mechanism of ɛ-martensite formation but also influence the strain rate sensitivity of the present steel.     

Are financial incentives related to performance? A meta-analytic review of empirical research.

The relationship of financial incentives to performance quality and quantity is cumulated over 39 studies containing 47 relationships. Financial incentives were not related to performance quality but had a corrected correlation of .34 with performance quantity. Setting (laboratory, field, experimental simulation) and theoretical framework moderated the relationship, but task type did not. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Mutual influences in parent and adolescent psychological distress.

Using a cross-lagged effect model with 3 waves of panel data, this study examined mutual influences in parent and adolescent psychological distress reported independently by respondents in each of 4 parent–child dyads: mothers–sons, mothers–daughters, fathers–sons, and fathers–daughters. Results showed that parent and adolescent distress were reciprocally related across time, even after earlier emotional status was statistically controlled. These mutual influences in distress, however, were gender specific, with the strongest cross-lagged associations occurring between mothers and sons and fathers and daughters. Moreover, boys were more susceptible to parental distress during early adolescence, girls during early to mid-adolescence. Incremental fit comparisons for alternative models suggest that a son's distress may have more negative consequences for mothers than the reverse. Finally, mutual influences in psychological distress for fathers and daughters were more pronounced for girls who were experiencing the onset of menarche and for girls who recently experienced a school transition. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)