Effect of sodium carbonate on the oxidation of sublimates during niobium electron-beam remelting

The effect of sodium carbonate additions on phase formation during the air oxidation of the sublimates of niobium electron-beam remelting is studied by derivatography, X-ray diffraction analysis, and electron-probe microanalysis. The composition of the oxidation products changes with the heating temperature. The formation of sodium niobates and aluminates is detected by X-ray diffraction analysis at temperatures higher than 600°C. The oxidation of the sublimates is completed by the formation of sodium metaniobate and aluminate. Sodium carbonate additions are shown to accelerate the oxidation of the sublimates.     

Accurate Low Order Model for Hydraulic Turbine-Penstock

A method for obtaining accurate reduced order models for hydro-turbines with long penstocks is presented. The inadequacy of the customary first order model is demonstrated. It is also shown that an appropriately chosen second order model provides the necessary accuracy while preserving model simplicity which is essential for ease in controller design, in assessing stability margins, and in power system simulation.     

Existential theory: Guidelines for practice in child therapy.

One reason for the limited attention to existential psychology in child treatment is the assumption that children are restricted in the amount of freedom and responsibility they can assume. However, current research on child development reveals that children actively influence their social and physical environment and hence begin from birth the process of self-determination. This article presents guidelines for implementing existential psychology with children derived from theoretical tenets and case study findings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)