A comparative analysis of EIA practice for wastewater treatment plants in great Britain and Germany

This article reports the findings of an investigation of the practice of environmental impact assessment (EIA) for wastewater treatment plants in the United Kingdom and Germany. It demonstrates that both EIA systems have a number of common deficiencies but that the differences between the practice of EIA in Britain and Germany are considerable. These indicate that one of the objectives of the European Directive—to harmonize environmental controls—has not been met. The differences can be explained by examining: (1) the context in which EIAs for wastewater treatment plants take place in both countries; (2) the ways in which EIA procedures are implemented in both countries; and (3) the attitudes of the competent authorities in both countries to EIA.     

Trends in the production and storage of fresh meat – the holistic approach to bacteriological meat quality

The aim of this review paper is to introduce readers to the modern approach to meat production as recommended by public authorities. No part of the food chain can be regarded alone but has to be seen as part of the whole. A holistic approach to fresh meat storage and retailing must therefore start with the living animal and cannot end with the sale of the meat. It must also include the consumers. One of the highest priority issues for consumers, producers and governments is food safety, and with it, consumer safety. Here we briefly describe the possibilities of keeping initial amounts of bacteria in meat low and modern storage of fresh meat. In future, the consumer must be incorporated in the meat food chain.     

Musik und Informatik

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Computations of the aperture admittance of an axial slot on a dielectric coated cylinder

An extensive set of curves for the aperture admittance of a waveguide-fed axial slot on a coated metal cylinder is presented for both an underdense plasma and a Teflon coating. Examination of these curves shows that a slot on a cylinder with aKaof 2 to 3 has about the same aperture admittance as the identical slot opening onto a flat ground plane.     

Quantitative determination of combustion intermediates with cavity ring-down spectroscopy: systematic study in propene flames near the soot-formation limit

Cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) was applied in several fuel-rich, one-dimensional, premixed C3H6/O2/Ar flames at 50 mbars (37.5 torr) to measure absolute OH, HCO, and 1CH2 concentration as well as temperature as a function of stoichiometry. Although these flames near the sooting limit present a complex chemical environment, significant spectral interferences were found to be absent. Specific aspects of the CRDS technique for measurement of temperature and radical concentration profiles are discussed; and the results are analyzed in comparison with flame model simulations.     

Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells in computer designed fibrin-polymer-ceramic scaffolds manufactured by fused deposition modeling

Biomimetic scaffolds offer great potentials in the development of bone analogs for tissue engineering. The studies presented in this paper focus specifically on the osteogenic potential of the novel PCL/CaP matrices and its degradation behavior. Biodegradable Polymer-ceramic Scaffolds were fabricated using the solid free form fabrication technology: Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). The scaffold architecture was characterized by a honeycomb-like design and a complete interconnectivity of the pores. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were seeded together with fibrin glue into PCL/CaP scaffolds and cultured in vitro for periods of up to eight weeks. Cellular adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were assessed in these constructs using a range of histological and microscopic techniques. In additional experiments, degradation was assessed by measuring mass loss, diameter change, molecular weight change and by scanning electron micrographs. MSCs were able to adhere, migrate, and differentiate along the osteogenic lineage with in these scaffolds. The PCL/CaP scaffolds showed up to 27 fold increased degradation of compared to PCL scaffolds.     

A dielectric-coated circumferential slot array for omnidirectional coverage at microwave frequencies

The design and development of a resonant array of circumferential shunt slots cut into the broad wall of a ring waveguide are presented. This antenna, which is recessed into a metal cylinder and dielectric coated, provides nearly omnidirectional coverage. Calculations using an idealized model consisting of a dielectric-coated flush-mounted array on a metal cylinder were performed and used as the primary basis for design. The array recess design was experimentally determined and shown to control the elevation pattern when the recessed array is mounted on a variety of spacecraft shapes. The tolerance problems and the related trapped wave effects encountered in the development of the array are discussed.     

Kinetik der Desoxidation und Entschwefelung von Stahlschmelzen durch Calcium

Möglichkeiten zur Verbesserung der Calciumausnutzung bei der Desoxidation und Entschwefelung durch Einblasen von feinkörnigen Calciumverbindungen in große Stahlbadtiefen. Entwicklung eines Reaktionsmodells und Überprüfung des Modells am Beispiel der Entschwefelung von 120-t-Stahlschmelzen in Schamotte- und Dolomitpfannen. Anwendung des Modells zur Beschreibung der Entschwefelung von Stahlschmelzen mit Calciumdampfblasen unter vermindertem Außendruck und im Gegenstrom.