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排序方式: 共有186条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Hazardous impact of toxic metals on tobacco leaves grown in contaminated soil by ultrasonic assisted pseudo-digestion: multivariate study 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Arain MB Kazi TG Jamali MK Jalbani N Afridi HI Kandhro GA Ansari R Sarfraz RA 《Journal of hazardous materials》2008,155(1-2):216-224
Tobacco leaves (Nicotiana tabacum L.), agricultural soil and pollute irrigated lake water samples were collected during 2005–2006 and analyzed for Cd and Ni by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). A simple and efficient procedure was investigated for the complete decomposition of tobacco leaves using ultrasonic assisted acid pseudo-digestion method (UPDM). A Plackett–Burman experimental design was used as a multivariate strategy for the evaluation of seven factors/variables at once, while central composite were used to found optimum values of significant variables. The accuracy of the proposed methods was assessed by analyzing certified reference (CRM); Virginia tobacco leaves (CTA-VTL-2). The results being compared with those obtained by conventional wet acid digestion method. The result obtained by optimized method showed good agreement with the certified values and sufficiently high recovery 97.8 and 98.7% for Cd and Ni, respectively. Under optimal conditions, the detection limits (3σ) were evaluated to be 0.019 μg g−1 for Cd and 0.37 μg g−1 for Ni. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of Cd and Ni in raw, processed tobacco and different branded cigarettes samples. 相似文献
32.
33.
Olympia Kazi 《Architectural Design》2009,79(1):56-59
For three decades architect Liz Diller and artist Ricardo Scofidio have been collaborating on projects that test the boundaries between art and architecture. They have done more than any other practice to champion interdisciplinary research and to advocate architecture as a wider form of cultural production. Olympia Kazi went to talk to Liz Diller to ask her if she thinks theory could really be dead, or merely in a ‘lull’. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
34.
Elemental analyses of kohl (stone) samples collected from three different parts of the world were performed using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The analyses indicated that lead (Pb), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), and sodium (Na) were present in all the kohl samples. In addition to these elements, the sample from Madina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), contained the elements tin (Sn), zirconium (Zr), and antimony (Sb). The sample from Mount Toor, Egypt, also contained Sn. Also, quantitative analysis for lead was carried out by the standard addition method using the LIBS technique. The result showed the presence of 14.12 ± 0.28% by weight of Pb in the sample from Madina, which compares well with the measurement done using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) (13.31 ± 0.46%). The standard addition method used three calibration curves drawn for three emission lines of the LIBS spectra of Pb. The limits of detection (LoD) for these calibration curves varied from 0.27% to 1.16% by weight. The lead contents of the samples from Mount Toor and the local market of Bangladesh were also measured by the AAS technique, and the results were 14.61 ± 0.48% and 8.98 ± 0.35% by weight, respectively. The reason for determining only the lead content in kohl, which may be used as an eye cosmetic, is the adverse effect that lead has on health. 相似文献
35.
Physico-chemical and mechanical properties of nanocomposites prepared using cellulose nanowhiskers and poly(lactic acid) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kazi M. Zakir Hossain Ifty Ahmed Andrew J. Parsons Colin A. Scotchford Gavin S. Walker Wim Thielemans Chris D. Rudd 《Journal of Materials Science》2012,47(6):2675-2686
A range of nanocomposites were prepared using cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) via a solvent casting
process. Acid hydrolysis process was used to produce CNWs from bleached cotton. Structural morphology and surface topography
of the CNWs and nanocomposites were examined using transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy. TEM images revealed
rod-like whiskers in the nano-scale region which were dispersed within the PLA matrix. The presence of the functional groups
of CNWs and PLA were confirmed via FTIR analysis. Tensile tests were conducted on thin films and the nanocomposites containing
1 wt% CNWs showed a 34 and 31% increase in tensile strength and modulus, respectively, compared to pure PLA. The dynamic mechanical
analysis showed that the tensile storage modulus also increased in the visco-elastic temperature region with increasing CNWs
content in the nanocomposites. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that all the materials investigated were thermally stable
from room temperature to 210 °C. A positive effect of CNWs on the crystal nucleation of PLA polymer in the nanocomposites
was observed using differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction analysis. The degradation profiles of the nanocomposites
in deionised water over 1 week revealed a mass loss of 1.5–5.6% at alternate temperatures (25, 37 and 50 °C) and at the same
conditions the swelling ratio and water uptake were seen to increase with CNWs content in the nanocomposites, which was strongly
influenced by the presence of crystalline CNWs. 相似文献
36.
During plasma spraying of alumina with the stable α phase in the starting powder, metastable phases tend to form in the final coating. This is attributed to the rapid quenching associated with the process. In this paper the weight fraction of metastable phase formed, i.e., stable phase retained, and has been estimated using Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction data. This weight fraction depends on the process parameters like standoff distance, primary and secondary gas flow rate, nozzle size, etc., which in turn control particle melting. Under favourable melting conditions the weight fraction of the metastable phases approaches 1. 相似文献
37.
Mohammad A. Altamimi Mohsin Kazi Mshaan Hadi Albgomi Abdul Ahad Mohammad Raish 《Drug development and industrial pharmacy》2013,39(7):1073-1078
The purpose of this work is to develop novel lipid-based self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) as carriers for transdermal delivery of curcumin. SNEDDS containing black seed oil, medium chain mono- and diglycerides and surfactants, were prepared as curcumin delivery vehicles. Their formation spontaneity, morphology, droplet size, and drug loading were evaluated. Gel preparation containing two of the SNEDDS formulations were used in the carrageenan induced paw edema to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect. Results showed droplet size as low as 71?nm. The highest drug loading was observed with SNEDDS-F6 of ~45?mg/g. In in-vivo investigation, SNEDDS-F6 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activities in terms of 80% reduction in paw edema when compared with positive control. The prepared SNEDDS with the elevated entrapment efficiency, good transdermal penetration ability could be a suitable candidate for effective transdermal curcumin skin delivery. 相似文献
38.
Proliferation of mobile communication devices necessitates a reliable and efficient medium access control (MAC) protocol. In this paper, A MAC protocol, called extended sliding frame reservation Aloha (ESFRA), based on sliding frame R-Aloha (SFRA) is proposed for network access technique. ESFRA is particularly designed to solve the mobile hidden station (MHS) problem in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) by including relative locations of transmitting stations in the packet frame information header. The MHS problem is unique in mobile networks and occurs if a mobile station enters in a collision free zone of any ongoing communication and disturbs this communication with its transmission. In addition to the MHS problem, ESFRA simultaneously solves hidden station, exposed station, and neighborhood capture problems typically observed in wireless networks. A Markov model of ESFRA is developed and provided here to estimate throughput, delay and collision probabilities of the proposed protocol. The Markov modeling is extended to the analysis of SFRA and IEEE 802.11 to compare these competing MAC protocols with ESFRA. The analysis shows that ESFRA decreases frame transmission delay, increases throughput, and reduces collision probabilities compared to IEEE 802.11 and SFRA. ESFRA improves the network throughput 28 percent compared to that of IEEE 802.11, and 33 percent compared to that of SFRA. The improved performance is obtained at the expense of the synchronization compared to IEEE 802.11, but there is virtually no extra cost compared to SFRA. 相似文献
39.
Energy savings and emissions reductions for rewinding and replacement of industrial motor 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Electric motors consume 30-80% of total industrial energy around the world. This study estimates the economic viability of replacing rewound and standard motors with high efficiency motors (HEMs) in the industrial sector. The efficiency of a motor is degraded when it is rewound and it is better to rewind a larger motor compared with a smaller motor. It was found that a HEM can save on average 5.5% of energy compared with a standard motor. In addition, the payback period was found to be reasonable when a motor is operated at a 50% load. HEMs will also save a sizeable amount of energy and reduce emissions. It was estimated that 67,868 MWh/year energy and US$ 4,343,531 per year could be saved by introducing HEMs. By contrast, 44,582 tons of CO2, 333 tons of SO2 and 122 tons of NOx emissions could be reduced through the aforementioned energy savings. This study found that rewound motors of a larger size and HEMs are economically viable. 相似文献
40.
Kazi SabiruddinP.P. Bandyopadhyay Giovanni BolelliLuca Lusvarghi 《Journal of Materials Processing Technology》2011,211(3):450-462
This paper is on various splat shapes obtained using three alumina based powders sprayed on various substrates. The parameters considered were substrate preheating temperature, nozzle diameter, and secondary and primary gas flow rates. The splat shape was found to be strongly dependent on spraying conditions. The substrate preheating temperature determined the degree of substrate wetting by the splat. A change in either nozzle diameter or primary gas flow rate brought about a change in the particle momentum and subsequently, a change in splat shape. The splat shape differed widely on an as - sprayed bond coat as compared to a polished one, owing to splat confinement by surface asperities. Sub-microscale surface roughness of polished substrate surfaces showed an increase with the preheating temperature and this in turn, resulted in better substrate wetting by the splats. 相似文献