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排序方式: 共有3463条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Ryuta Shigefuku Hideaki Takahashi Hiroyasu Nakano Tsunamasa Watanabe Kotaro Matsunaga Nobuyuki Matsumoto Masaki Kato Ryo Morita Yousuke Michikawa Tomohiro Tamura Tetsuya Hiraishi Nobuhiro Hattori Yohei Noguchi Kazunari Nakahara Hiroki Ikeda Toshiya Ishii Chiaki Okuse Shigeru Sase Fumio Itoh Michihiro Suzuki 《International journal of molecular sciences》2016,17(9)
The progression of chronic liver disease differs by etiology. The aim of this study was to elucidate the difference in disease progression between chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by means of fibrosis markers, liver function, and hepatic tissue blood flow (TBF). Xenon computed tomography (Xe-CT) was performed in 139 patients with NAFLD and 152 patients with CHC (including liver cirrhosis (LC)). The cutoff values for fibrosis markers were compared between NAFLD and CHC, and correlations between hepatic TBF and liver function tests were examined at each fibrosis stage. The cutoff values for detection of the advanced fibrosis stage were lower in NAFLD than in CHC. Although portal venous TBF (PVTBF) correlated with liver function tests, PVTBF in initial LC caused by nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH-LC) was significantly lower than that in hepatitis C virus (C-LC) (p = 0.014). Conversely, the liver function tests in NASH-LC were higher than those in C-LC (p < 0.05). It is important to recognize the difference between NAFLD and CHC. We concluded that changes in hepatic blood flow occurred during the earliest stage of hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD; therefore, patients with NAFLD need to be followed carefully. 相似文献
92.
The sorption and the permeation of iodine in water-swollen poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes and the formation of PVA–iodine complexes were studied. The logarithms of the permeability and the diffusion coefficient decreased approximately linearly with the increase in polymer volume fraction. When the membrane was soaked in an aqueous I2–KI solution, it contracted and Young's modulus increased. These findings were explained in terms of the formation of extra junction points due to the PVA–iodine complexes. These changes were reversible and could be recovered by replacing the solution with water. The length of the polyiodine chain increased with the increase in the degree of hydration of the membrane. At a fixed degree of hydration, Young's modulus of an iodine-sorbed membrane was much greater than that of a membrane soaked in pure water. This finding was explained on the basis of a double-network structure. The extension of the membrane promoted the complex formation, and the complex disappeared when the tension was released. The critical strain necessary for the complex formation was independent of the degree of hydration. The length of polyiodine chain increased with strain and became constant at higher strains. 相似文献
93.
94.
Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) assembled in hydrophobic domain by fatty acid with long alkyl hydrocarbon chain such as myristic acid (Myr), stearic acid (Ste) and cholic acid (Cho) modified onto nanocrystalline TiO2 electrode is prepared and the photovoltaic properties of the nanocrystalline TiO2 film by Chl-a are studied. Incident photon to current efficiency (IPCE) value at 660 nm in photocurrent action spectrum of Chl-a/Ste-TiO2, Chl-a/Myr-TiO2 and Chl-a/Cho-TiO2 electrodes are 5.0%, 4.1% and 4.1%, respectively. Thus, the IPCE is maximum using Chl-a/Ste-TiO2 electrode. From the results of photocurrent responses with light intensity of 100 mW cm−2 irradiation or monochromatic light with 660 nm, generated photocurrent increases using Chl-a/Ste-TiO2 electrode compared with the other Chl-a assembled TiO2 electrodes. These results show that the hydrophobic domain formed by stearic acid with long alkyl hydrocarbon chain is suitable for fixation of Chl-a onto TiO2 film electrodes and photovoltaic performance is improved using Chl-a onto Ste-TiO2 film electrode. 相似文献
95.
Koichiro Kato 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1975,19(4):951-957
Polyethylene films were irradiated in air by ultraviolet light. 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine was reacted on the irradiated films. The changes in amounts of carbonyl groups and 2,4-dinitrophenynlhydrazones formed in the films were inferred by comparing their absorptions in the infrared and ultraviolet spectra, respectively. It seems that the contents of carbonyl groups formed in the amorphous regions in the high-density polyethylene films by the irradiation were larger than the contents of carbonyl groups formed in the amorphous regions in the low-density polyethylene films. The decreases in contact angles of water on the high-density polyethylene films by the irradiation were larger than the decreases in the contact angles on the low-density polyethylene films. The amounts of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones formed in the irradiated high-density polyethylene films were less than the amounts of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones formed in the irradiated low-density polyethylene films. 相似文献
96.
97.
Tsuneaki Matsudaira Masashi Wada Naoki Kawashima Miyuki Takeuchi Daisaku Yokoe Takeharu Kato Masasuke Takata Satoshi Kitaoka 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2021,41(5):3150-3160
Mass transfer in polycrystalline Yb2SiO5 wafers with precise composition control was evaluated and analyzed by oxygen permeation experiments at high temperatures using an oxygen tracer. Oxygen permeation proceeded due to mutual grain boundary diffusion of oxide ions and Yb ions without synergistic effects such as acceleration or suppression. The oxygen shielding properties of Yb2SiO5 were compared with those of the other line compounds such as Yb2Si2O7 and Al2O3 based on the determined mass transfer parameters. It was found that the more preferentially an oxide ion diffuses in the grain boundary compared to the interior of the grain, the greater the effect of suppressing the movement of the oxide ion by applying an oxygen potential gradient becomes. 相似文献
98.
Takayuki Nagano Hidezumi Kato Fumihiro Wakai 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1991,74(9):2258-2262
The deformation behavior of an Al2 O3 /30 wt% TIC composite in uniaxial tension was evaluated under vacuum over the temperature range of 1300° to 1550°C. The Al2 03 /TiC composite exhibited the maximum elongation of 66% at an initial strain rate of 1.19 X l0-4 s-1 at 1550°C. The stress exponent calculated from peak stresses of true stress-true strain curves at 1500O C was 3.8, which was in good agreement with that obtained by changing the crosshead speed during the tension test. The apparent activation energy at 20 MPa was 853 kJ/mol. In addition the deformation of the Al2 O3 /TiC composite in uniaxial tension at elevated temperature was accompanied by cavitation. 相似文献
99.
Yasutoshi Kasahara Masashi Kato Satoshi Watanabe Makio Iwahashi Rieko Wakamatsu Takashi Suzuki Akinori Kanetani Takaaki Kano Takamitsu Tamura 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2012,89(7):1223-1229
Mineral oil is commonly used as an electrical insulating oil in transformers because of its relatively high electrical insulating
ability and fluidity. Considering the depletion of resources and environmental problems, however, fatty acid esters synthesized
from natural plant oils are attracting attention as an environmentally friendly insulating oil. In addition, fatty acid esters
such as methyl octanoate, methyl dodecanoate, 2-ethylhexyl octanoate, and 2-ethylhexyl dodecanoate have high fluidity, and
also show excellent moisture tolerance against dielectric breakdown compared to mineral oil. In the present study, to clarify
the reason for the superior moisture tolerance of fatty acid esters, the status of dissolved water in esters is investigated
with IR spectroscopic measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It is revealed that water molecules in
fatty acid esters are trapped by the ester moiety of fatty acid esters. As a result, fatty acid esters have a higher moisture
tolerance against dielectric breakdown than mineral oil. 相似文献
100.
Toshiyuki Iguchi Sakae Takenaka Keizo Nakagawa Yoshiki Orita Hideki Matsune Masahiro Kishida 《Topics in Catalysis》2009,52(6-7):563-570
Formation of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through the decomposition of ethylene at 973 K was achieved using various metal catalysts covered with silica layers. CNFs of various diameters were formed by ethylene decomposition over a Co metal catalyst supported on the outer surface of the silica. In contrast, silica-coated Co catalysts formed CNTs with uniform diameters by ethylene decomposition. Silica-coated Ni/SiO2 and Pt/carbon black also formed CNTs with uniform diameters, while CNFs and CNTs with various diameters were formed over Ni/SiO2 and Pt/carbon black without a silica coating. These results indicate that silica layers that envelop metal particles prevent sintering of the metal particles during ethylene decomposition. This results in the preferential formation of CNTs with a uniform diameter. 相似文献