用六水氯化钙作为相变材料的换热器储热性能研究

研究了一种以传统的管壳式换热器作为结构基础、管内充填相变材料——六水氯化钙的新型相变材料换热器的储热性能。对这种新型相变材料换热器分别通入温度不同的冷热流体，利用温度测试系统对其进口、出口的温度进行了测试。实验结果表明，这种相变材料换热器结构能将温度较高的热流体的热能通过其管内充填的相变材料储存起来，必要时又可以将储存的热能释放给所需的流体中，从而使其既具有热量交换的功能又具有热量储存的功能。它主要适用于温室、暖房、工业生产中的低品位热能的回收和利用，还可以应用于热能供应与人们需求之间不一致的场合，如太阳能热利用、采暖和空调领域等。     

聚(L-谷氨酸-γ-苯甲酯)接枝共聚物的合成

以溶液聚合直接合成聚丙烯酸,通过接枝反应将疏水的聚肽链接到聚丙烯酸亲水链段上形成两亲性共聚物,合成了新型聚肽接枝共聚物。用核磁共振等方法表征了接枝共聚物的存在。实验结果表明其在含有钠离子的水溶液中能自行组装成为高聚物纳米胶束。     

聚乙二醇-400催化合成橙花醚的研究

研究了利用多种相转移催化剂在不同条件下合成橙花醚。结果表明：采用聚乙二醇 ４００（ＰＥＧ ４００）为催化剂，当β 萘酚：溴乙烷：催化剂＝１：１２：００７（摩尔比）、温度为７６℃、反应７ｈ时，产率可高达９８１％。     

Proposed Phenomenological PTCR Model and Accompanying Phenomenological PTCR Chart

The positive temperature coefficient of resistivity (PTCR) behavior of semiconductive BaTiO₃ is well explained by the Heywang model, which predicts the resistivity behavior above the Curie point based on the acceptor state density at the grain boundaries, the charge carrier density, and the energy gap, E _s, between the conduction band and the acceptor levels. However, the relationship between these parameters and the production parameters (sintering time, composition, and cooling rate) is not well understood. Recently, the present authors have found that E _s can be increased by thorough oxidation. This increase is attributed to a change in the oxidation state of the acceptor. Based on this finding and results from the literature, a phenomenological PTCR model and an accompanying PTCR chart for acceptor–donor-codoped BaTiO₃ are proposed to clarify this relationship. The PTCR chart clarifies that acceptor dopant concentrations, oxidation time, and oxygen partial pressure during oxidation or cooling can be optimized simultaneously to obtain optical PTCR properties.     

Experimental Evaluation of the Acceptor-States Compensation in Positive-Temperature-Coefficient-Type Barium Titanate

Experimental evidence shows that the acceptor-state levels in Sb-doped positive-temperature-coefficient-type BaTiO₃ are compensated up to a critical acceptor-state density. Using the slope of the natural logarithm of the resistivity with respect to 1/ T , instead of maximum resistivity as a measure for the acceptor-state density, it is possible to estimate this critical value. The value obtained (4.2 × 10¹⁷ m⁻²) is believed to be the first reported estimate based on experimental data. It is in good agreement with the estimate of 6 × 10¹⁷ m⁻² (first reported by Jonker) obtained from the spontaneous polarization of BaTiO₃. This shows that the ferroelectric behavior of BaTiO₃ is indeed a feasible explanation for the low resistivity below the Curie point, as proposed by Jonker.     

Water flux,DSC, and cytotoxicity characterization of membranes of cellulose acetate produced from sugar cane bagasse,using PEG 600

Summary In this article, cellulose acetate produced through the homogeneous acetylation of sugar cane bagasse cellulose was used to produce membranes, using poly(ethyleneglycol) 600 (PEG 600) as an admixture. The membranes were characterized using water flux measurements (Payne’s cup), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and neutral red uptake (cytotoxicity). The results showed that PEG 600 acts as a crystallinity inductor and/or pore former in the cellulose acetate matrix. The induction of crystallinity is important for this system since it had not been reported on the literature yet. The results also demonstrated that the studied membranes present a nontoxic behavior.     

八碳烯分离工艺的研究

从能量综合集成的角度提出了八碳烯精馏分离工艺 ,对所提流程进行了优化模拟计算及分析 ,为八碳烯分离工艺的施工设计提供了充分的依据。投产情况表明 ,该研究改变了八碳烯的生产现状 ,使得八碳烯生产的经济效益显著提高     

Activities of MFI-Supported Rhenium Catalysts for the Aromatization of Methane: Effect of Cationic Form of the Inorganic Carrier

MFI type inorganic carrier was used in two different cationic forms, hydrogen and calcium respectively. MFI-supported molybdenum and rhenium catalysts were prepared. The activities of the catalysts were compared for the aromatization reaction of methane. Higher activity values were attained with the catalysts supported on HZSM-5. Aromatics were also observed with the catalysts supported on CaZSM-5, despite their deficiency in acid sites. Highly dispersed rhenium is expected to be formed with the use of the inorganic carrier in calcium form. On the other hand, lower reaction rates were observed with rhenium supported on CaZSM-5, in spite of the improved dispersion of the active rhenium species on this catalyst. This was interpreted in terms of the critical role of the acid sites in the conversion of methane to aromatics, compared to the improved dispersion of the active metal.     

合成丁酸异戊酯的新方法

采用超强酸代替浓硫酸作催化剂，对丁酸异戊酯合成反应进行了研究，讨论了影响收率的多种因素，在最佳条件下，酯化反应时间短，催化剂可以重复使用，丁酸异戊酯收率达到９８％。