Artificial intelligence and augmented intelligence collaboration: regaining trust and confidence in the financial sector

ABSTRACT

Robots and chatbots are sophisticated. Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly popular in the financial industry due to its ability to provide customers with cheap, efficient and personalised services. This article uses doctrinal sources and a case study to show that many banks and FinTech start-ups are investing in AI. Yet, there are a number of challenges arising from the use of AI which could undermine trust and confidence amongst consumers. This article features the issue of bias and discrimination in banking. There is evidence that algorithms discriminate against certain races and gender. Legislative gaps in the Equality Act 2010 and the General Data Protection Regime will be analysed. Ultimately, human beings are still needed to input, train and help machines to learn. Fortunately, the FCA are leading in regulating technology, from the launch of regulatory sandboxes to their co-operative collaboration with FinTech start-ups on regulatory matters. Augmented intelligence collaboration is needed to enable industry players and regulators to provide seamless regulation and financial stability. The future of AI regulation is inter-disciplinary in approach.     

环丙沙星柱撑水滑石新型缓释药物的插层组装及性能

采用共沉淀法和离子交换法将环丙沙星药物阴离子插层组装到水滑石层间,制备了一种新型缓释性能良好的环丙沙星柱撑水滑石抗菌素药物。通过XRD、FT/IR、SEM对产物分析表征,在模拟人体生理体液不同pH条件下对其体外释放性能进行了研究。     

Gas Pickering Emulsion Templated Hollow Carbon for High Rate Performance Lithium Sulfur Batteries

A CO₂ in water nanoparticle stabilized Pickering emulsion is used to template micrometer sized hollow porous nitrogen doped carbon particles for high rate performance lithium sulfur battery. For the first time, nanoparticles serve the dual role of an emulsion stabilizer and a pore template for the shell, directly utilizing in situ generated CO₂ bubbles as template for the core. The minimalistic nature of this method does not require expensive surfactants or additional core templates. Upon polymerization of melamine formaldehyde onto CO₂, a robust polymer/silica composite shell is formed and transformed into a porous shell upon washing. The micrometer‐sized hollow morphology in combination with its nitrogen rich porous shell demonstrates impressive rate capabilities of 670 and 500 mAh g^?1 even at a high rate of 7C and 9C, respectively. This material also possesses excellent cycle durability, exhibiting a low capacity decay of 0.088%/cycle over 300 cycles. Measurement of the shuttle current and impedance provides interesting insight into the polysulfide mass transfer mechanism of hollow structured sulfur hosts.     

Brain surface conformal parameterization using Riemann surface structure

In medical imaging, parameterized 3-D surface models are useful for anatomical modeling and visualization, statistical comparisons of anatomy, and surface-based registration and signal processing. Here we introduce a parameterization method based on Riemann surface structure, which uses a special curvilinear net structure (conformal net) to partition the surface into a set of patches that can each be conformally mapped to a parallelogram. The resulting surface subdivision and the parameterizations of the components are intrinsic and stable (their solutions tend to be smooth functions and the boundary conditions of the Dirichlet problem can be enforced). Conformal parameterization also helps transform partial differential equations (PDEs) that may be defined on 3-D brain surface manifolds to modified PDEs on a two-dimensional parameter domain. Since the Jacobian matrix of a conformal parameterization is diagonal, the modified PDE on the parameter domain is readily solved. To illustrate our techniques, we computed parameterizations for several types of anatomical surfaces in 3-D magnetic resonance imaging scans of the brain, including the cerebral cortex, hippocampi, and lateral ventricles. For surfaces that are topologically homeomorphic to each other and have similar geometrical structures, we show that the parameterization results are consistent and the subdivided surfaces can be matched to each other. Finally, we present an automatic sulcal landmark location algorithm by solving PDEs on cortical surfaces. The landmark detection results are used as constraints for building conformal maps between surfaces that also match explicitly defined landmarks.     

磺化PS及其离聚物的合成及性能研究

用乙酸硫酸作为磺化试剂合成了一系列低磺化度磺化聚苯乙烯(SPS),并将其离子化得到锌、镧离聚物。考察了反应温度、磺化试剂用量对磺化反应的影响。同时通过溶解测试、热分析、红外光谱法研究了系列SPS及其离聚物的溶解性、玻璃化转变温度(t_g)值、热稳定性及吸水性。实验表明:随着反应温度的提高及磺化试剂用量的增加,产物磺化度有不同程度的增加;随磺化度提高,产物在非极性溶剂中溶解性下降,t_g值增大,吸水性提高,离聚物比相应磺化物具有更好的热稳定性。     

A high efficient frequency analysis method for closed flexible mechanism systems

Frequency analysis is an important step to predict the dynamic performance of flexible mechanisms. According to the characteristics of the closed flexible mechanisms, an efficient frequency analysis method for planar multi-bar and spatial linkage mechanisms by utilizing free-interface substructure coupling technique, substructure division and the modal basis generation method are presented. Coupling equations for typical substructures are developed. Examples show that the analysis method presented in this paper is effective.     

动力配煤主要煤质指标可加性的统计验证

采 用数理统计的方 法从理论上分析 了动力配 煤指标的实 测值与其 单种煤理 论加权平 均值之间 的关系。结果表明,动力配煤中的灰分、挥发分、硫分、发热量、 Ｃ Ｒ Ｃ 等指标与单种煤 之间具有良好的线性关系,而水分不具有线性可加性。     

Water-gated charge doping of graphene induced by mica substrates

We report on the existence of water-gated charge doping of graphene deposited on atomically flat mica substrates. Molecular films of water in units of ~0.4 nm thick bilayers were found to be present in regions of the interface of graphene/mica heterostacks prepared by micromechanical exfoliation of kish graphite. The spectral variation of the G and 2D bands, as visualized by Raman mapping, shows that mica substrates induce strong p-type doping in graphene with hole densities of (9 ± 2) × 10(12) cm(-2). The ultrathin water films, however, effectively block interfacial charge transfer, rendering graphene significantly less hole-doped. Scanning Kelvin probe microscopy independently confirmed a water-gated modulation of the Fermi level by 0.35 eV, which is in agreement with the optically determined hole density. The manipulation of the electronic properties of graphene demonstrated in this study should serve as a useful tool in realizing future graphene applications.     

CBL VDL和CCL测井技术在检测套管脱扣方面的应用

套管在井下发生脱扣失效事故之后通常要采用测井方法确定失效位置和失效形式。经过对多口井CBL、VDL和CCL套管测井结果进行了调查研究和分析,发现API接箍式偏梯形螺纹接头套管、接箍式特殊螺纹接头套管和直连型特殊螺纹接头套管接头部位在测井图像中均有不同各自的特征,不正常的CCL和CBL曲线和VDL波形位置表明了套管损坏位置和损坏形式。根据CCL、CBL和VDL波形测井结果,可以判断套管接头从现场端脱扣或工厂端脱扣。