Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of fresh garlic and aged garlic by-products extracted with different solvents

Food Science and Biotechnology - This study aims to investigate antioxidative and antibacterial properties of fresh garlic (non-aged, NG) and aged garlic (AG) by-products extracted with distilled...     

Assessing robustness of factor ranking for supersaturated designs

Supersaturated designs can potentially be a beneficial tool for efficiently exploring a large number of factors with a moderately sized design. However, because more factors are being considered than there are runs, the stability of the identified factors depends heavily on effect sparsity and the lack of highly influential observations. A helpful tool for the analysis of supersaturated designs is least absolute shrinkage and selection operation (LASSO), which is useful when the effects of many explanatory variables are sparse in a high‐dimensional dataset. To understand the impact of individual observations on the selected factors, the LASSO influence plot was created. This paper describes an application of this plot and its variants that can be used to identify influential points, increase understanding of the impact of individual observations on model parameters, and the robustness of results in analyses with supersaturated designs. These graphical methods can serve as a complement to other regression diagnostics techniques in the LASSO regression setting.     

Physical properties of surimi sausages subjected to high hydrostatic pressure treatment

Food Science and Biotechnology - We aimed to investigate the effect of high pressure treatment (HPT) on the physical properties of surimi sausages. For protein gelation, high hydrostatic pressure...     

Combined effects of Diospyros lotus leaf and grape stalk extract in high-fat-diet-induced obesity in mice

Food Science and Biotechnology - The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of Diospyros lotus leaves extracts (DLE) and Muscat Bailey A grape stalk extracts (MGSE) in obesity...     

A novel bit-level color image encryption using improved 1D chaotic map

Multimedia Tools and Applications - This paper introduces new simple and effective improved one-dimension(1D) Logistic map and Sine map made by the output sequences of two same existing 1D chaotic...     

Control of interior surface materials for speech privacy in high‐speed train cabins

The effect of interior materials with various absorption coefficients on speech privacy was investigated in a 1:10 scale model of one high‐speed train cabin geometry. The speech transmission index (STI) and privacy distance (r_P) were measured in the train cabin to quantify speech privacy. Measurement cases were selected for the ceiling, sidewall, and front and back walls and were classified as high‐, medium‐ and low‐absorption coefficient cases. Interior materials with high absorption coefficients yielded a low r_P, and the ceiling had the largest impact on both the STI and r_P among the interior elements. Combinations of the three cases were measured, and the maximum reduction in r_P by the absorptive surfaces was 2.4 m, which exceeds the space between two rows of chairs in the high‐speed train. Additionally, the contribution of the interior elements to speech privacy was analyzed using recorded impulse responses and a multiple regression model for r_P using the equivalent absorption area. The analysis confirmed that the ceiling was the most important interior element for improving speech privacy. These results can be used to find the relative decrease in r_P in the acoustic design of interior materials to improve speech privacy in train cabins.     

Resistive switching characteristics and conducting nanobits of polycrystalline NiO thin films

Thin films of NiO were deposited on Pt/Ta/glass sub-strates using a radio frequency (RF) sputtering method. The NiO thin films showed polycrystalline nature, indicating preferentially (111)-oriented structure. The resistive random access memory (RRAM) capacitor of a Pt/NiO/Pt structure exhibited unipolar switching characteristics and bistable resistivities for 200 repeated switching cycles. Furthermore, RRAM nanobits array was formed on the NiO thin films by applying a bias. The RRAM nanobits had a diameter of approximately 8 nm and were observed via a conducting atomic force microscope (CAFM). The density of the RRAM nanobits array was estimated to be approximately 0.64 Tbit/cm².     

Impacts of an ATF cladding on neutronic performances of the soluble-boron-free ATOM core

This article is mainly concerned with the impacts of various accident tolerant fuel (ATF) claddings on neutronics performances of a soluble-boron-free (SBF) small modular reactor (SMR) core. There are two ATF cladding concepts which are evaluated here: (a) coating Zircaloy-4 cladding with a thin layer of Cr or Cr alloys; (b) high-strength and oxidation-resistant claddings: stainless steel and FeCrAl. Comparisons between Zircaloy-4 and ATF claddings are done in terms of the cycle length, discharge burnup, pin peaking factor (PPF), burnup reactivity, and spectral change. Moreover, the ATF claddings are also compared in view of the rim effect, neutron absorption by the cladding and He production in the cladding. In addition, a linear reactivity model is used to estimate the required U-235 enrichment so that the cycle length with ATF claddings should be equivalent to that with the reference Zircaloy-4 case. Furthermore, impacts of a selected ATF cladding are then analyzed in a centrally shielded burnable absorber (CSBA)-loaded FA in terms of PPF, burnup reactivity, and spectral change. Based on the CSBA-loaded FA analysis, a minor modification of burnable absorber loading strategy in the SBF autonomous transportable on-demand reactor module core is proposed to adopt the selected ATF cladding without compromising the core performance. The lattice calculations are done using the Monte Carlo Serpent 2 code with the ENDF/B-VII.1 nuclear library, while the 3-D multi-physics core calculations are performed using a Monte Carlo-diffusion hybrid procedure.     

Selective hydrogenation of acetylene over Pd/CeO2

Five hundred ppm Pd/CeO₂ catalyst was prepared and evaluated in selective hydrogenation of acetylene in large excess of ethylene since ceria has been recently found to be a reasonable stand-alone catalyst for this reaction. Pd/CeO₂ catalyst could be activated in situ by the feed gas during reactions and the catalyst without reduction showed much better ethylene selectivity than the reduced one in the high temperature range due to the formation of oxygen vacancies by reduction. Excellent ethylene selectivity of ~100% was obtained in the whole reaction temperature range of 50°C–200°C for samples calcined at temperatures of 600°C and 800°C. This could be ascribed to the formation of Pd_xCe_1−xO_2−y or Pd-O-Ce surface species based on the X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results, indicating the strong interaction between palladium and ceria.