用屏蔽暂堵技术封堵水平井裂缝性漏层

克拉玛依油田HW702水平井的大斜度段和水平段,将穿越纵向裂缝发育的二叠系佳木河组储层。为安全钻进和保护油层,用超细碳酸钙和磺化沥青复配后加入复合离子钻井液中成屏蔽暂堵的堵漏钻井液。室内用岩心试验,屏蔽暂堵后渗透率可降为0,暂堵深度小于3cm,可用酸化和射孔解堵。现场使用效果也很好,使HW702水平井顺利完钻,并获得工业油气流。     

冲击回波法检测隧洞混凝土衬砌厚度

冲击回波法是通过接收、分析在混凝土中传播的回波信号，判断结构混凝土厚度和内部质量的新型无损检测技术。室内试验和工程应用研究表明，该方法为隧洞混凝土衬砌厚度检测提供了一个有效的测试手段。     

Service Load Effective Compression Flange Width in Fiber Reinforced Polymer Deck Systems Acting Compositely with Steel Stringers

This paper reports on the field study of a steel stringer-fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) deck composite bridge in Pennsylvania. The objective of the study is to assess the effective compression flange width in the FRP deck and floor systems when they act compositely with underlying steel girders at service conditions. The research results reported herein support the notion of employing a design approach, for both interior and exterior girders of a composite floor system, that is philosophically consistent with current practice related to steel girders acting compositely with concrete decking. It appears from the results presented herein that FRP decks and floors acting compositely with underlying steel girders exhibit an effective width that is close to the actual girder spacing for interior beams, and approximately one-half this value for exterior beams.     

Power levels and packet lengths in random multiple access with multiple-packet reception capability

This paper extends our earlier results. We assume that the receiver has the capability of capturing multiple packets so long as the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each packet is above a designed threshold T throughout its transmission period. We prove that, compared with a multiple-power-level system, the single-power-level system in which all nodes transmit at the maximum allowable power level achieves optimal throughput, under a condition that T exceeds the value 3.33. Given a minimum throughput requirement, under the same condition on T, the single-power-level system also achieves the maximum average packet capture probability as well as the optimum energy usage efficiency. If the multiple-power-level systems are constrained such that higher power levels always have shorter packet lengths, then the above results hold for T greater than 2.     

Distributed Rule-Regulated Spectrum Sharing

Dynamic spectrum access is a promising technique to use spectrum efficiently. Without being restricted to any prefixed spectrum bands, nodes choose operating spectrum on-demand. Such flexibility, however, makes efficient and fair spectrum access in large-scale networks a great challenge. Prior work in this area focused on explicit coordination where nodes communicate with peers to modify local spectrum allocation, and may heavily stress the communication resource. In this paper, we introduce a distributed spectrum management architecture where nodes share spectrum resource fairly by making independent actions following spectrum rules. We present five spectrum rules to regulate node behavior and maximize system fairness and spectrum utilization, and analyze the associated complexity and overhead. We show analytically and experimentally that the proposed rule-based approach achieves similar performance with the explicit coordination approach, while significantly reducing communication cost.     

A comparison of lightness contrast effects in CRT and surface colours

The simultaneous contrast effect is investigated in this article. A total of 174 and 154 test/induction combinations were studied for CRT and surface colours respectively. Each combination was assessed by nine observers using a matching technique. The test and induction colours used for CRT colours were similar to surface colours using fabric samples. The results indicated a strong lightness contrast effect for both CRT and surface media; that is, the lightness of a test colour surrounded by a lighter induction colour was reduced for both CRT and surface colours. However, the effect in CRT medium was more pronounced than in the surface medium. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 30, 13–20, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20074     

准噶尔盆地三台-北三台地区第三系勘探潜力分析

从沉积及储层组合、油气运移系统等方面全面剖析了准噶尔盆地三台-北三台地区第三系油气成藏条件，建立了成藏模式，对未钻探区勘探潜力进行了预测；通过分析，认为该区第三系储层物性主体差，断裂更多地表现为封闭性，导致沟通深部油气源的运移体系不畅，致使第三系圈闭不能有效捕获和储集油气。圈闭又比较匮乏，主体勘探潜力不大。北25井西背斜紧邻多期活动的甘诃子北断裂，第三系可能发育较好的储层，相对有利，北25井西背斜应是钻探第三系的首选目标。     

精对苯二甲酸反应器桨叶断裂分析与修复

为了保证进口精对苯二甲酸装置氧化反应器中钛制搅拌器的正常工作，对钛制搅拌器桨叶在运行中断裂脱落的原因进行了分析，并叙述了桨叶修理的方法和要求。经修理后的桨叶投入生产使用，达到了预期的目标。