Structure factors of modified liquid Al–Si alloys

The structure factor and the coordination numbers of liquid Al–Si alloys with different Si content have been measured by a high temperature X-ray diffractometer. Radial distribution functions (RDFs), the nearest atomic distance and the coordination numbers of eutectic Al–Si alloys before and after being modified with Sr and Sb were studied. The RDFs of the liquid alloy were decomposed by five Gaussian peaks. The results show that a Si–Si covalent bond exists in the liquid of eutectic and hyper-eutectic alloys. Sr in the liquid Al–Si has a capability to weaken the covalent bonds of Si–Si, suppressing the nucleation of the eutectic silicon phase. On the other hand, Sb in the liquid Al–Si increases the order degree of Si atoms, decreasing the supercooling degree of the nucleation and promoting the nucleation of eutectic silicon.     

大气环境下1180MPa级超高强钢延迟开裂寿命研究

通过对试验钢进行拉深成形模拟超高强钢实际应用时的应力、应变状态,研究了盐雾和大气环境下DP1180钢、MS1180钢和QP1180钢这3种1180 MPa级超高强汽车薄板钢拉深冲杯试样的延迟开裂寿命.试验结果表明:在盐雾条件下,DP1180钢的抗延迟开裂性能最好,QP1180钢的抗延迟开裂性能最差;但大气环境下,DP1...     

一种新型吸收-压缩复合制冷循环模拟

为了对一种新型吸收-压缩复合制冷循环的性能进行模拟,使用Visual Basic语言自行编制了一个程序.该程序模拟了发生温度、蒸发温度、冷凝温度、加热量、制冷量对系统性能的影响,并将其性能与传统蒸气压缩式制冷循环作了对比.模拟结果表明:当发生温度升高时,新循环的制冷系数先增大后减小;当蒸发温度升高或加热量增大时,新循环...     

超细肤色ZnO制备的新工艺研究

报道了在碱式碳酸锌热解过程中添加适量碳酸氢铵制得超细肤色ＺｎＯ粉末的新方法。应用化学分析、ＸＲＤ、ＴＥＭ等方法时产品进行分析测试。结果表明，用该法合成的ＺｎＯ呈肤色粒径小，近似球形，适用于化妆品、医药、颜料等领域。     

Bioadhesive Polymersome for Localized and Sustained Drug Delivery at Pathological Sites with Harsh Enzymatic and Fluidic Environment via Supramolecular Host–Guest Complexation

Targeted and sustained delivery of drugs to diseased tissues/organs, where body fluid exchange and catabolic activity are substantial, is challenging due to the fast cleansing and degradation of the drugs by these harsh environmental factors. Herein, a multifunctional and bioadhesive polycaprolactone‐β‐cyclodextrin (PCL‐CD) polymersome is developed for localized and sustained co‐delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug molecules. This PCL‐CD polymersome affords multivalent crosslinking action via surface CD‐mediated host–guest interactions to generate a supramolecular hydrogel that exhibits evident shear thinning and efficient self‐healing behavior. The co‐delivery of small molecule and proteinaceous agents by the encapsulated PCL‐CD polymersomes enhances the differentiation of stem cells seeded in the hydrogel. Furthermore, the PCL‐CD polymersomes are capable of in situ grafting to biological tissues via host–guest complexation between surface CD and native guest groups in the tissue matrix both in vitro and in vivo, thereby effectively extending the retention of loaded cargo in the grafted tissue. It is further demonstrated that the co‐delivery of small molecule and proteinaceous drugs via PCL‐CD polymersomes averts cartilage degeneration in animal osteoarthritic (OA) knee joints, which are known for their biochemically harsh and fluidically dynamic environment.     

基于无人机的山地遥感观测平台及可靠性分析——以若尔盖试验为例

在山地复杂条件下开展无人机遥感观测面临众多挑战,分析无人机遥感观测平台的可靠性是影像拼接、成果应用、平台和飞行方案改进的重要基础。介绍了一种基于低空无人机的山地多源数据遥感观测平台,重点阐述了无人机系统的组成、性能参数和传感器参数。以《低空数字航空摄影规范》为参照,总结低空无人机遥感观测平台的可靠性分析方法。以2014年7月25日若尔盖高原无人机遥感观测试验获取的数据为例,定量分析该低空无人机遥感观测平台的可靠性。结果表明:该平台在山地复杂条件下具有较高的可靠性,航向平均重叠度为73.58%,旁向平均重叠度为55.07%,平均倾角为2.23°,航线内平均旋角为1.36°,航线间平均旋角为10.41°,平均航线偏移为5.42m,最大航线弯曲度为0.19%,最大航高差为5m,各项指标评价结果远优于《低空数字航空摄影规范》要求。相机成像面与平台飞行方向的夹角可能引起旁向旋角的增大;在逆风条件下,该小型无人机遥感观测平台的姿态更为稳定。     

An approach for visual attention based on biquaternion and its application for ship detection in multispectral imagery

This paper proposes an approach for visual attention based on biquaternion, and investigates its application for ship detection in multispectral imagery. The proposed approach describes high-dimensional data in the form of biquaternion and utilizes the phase spectrum of biquaternion Fourier transform to generate a required saliency map that can be used for salient target detection. In our method, the multidimensional data is processed as a whole, and the features contained in each spectral band can be extracted effectively. Compared with traditional visual attention approaches, our method has very low computational complexity. Experimental results on simulated and real multispectral remote sensing data have shown that the proposed method has excellent performance in ship detection. Furthermore, our method is robust against white noise and almost meets real-time requirements, which has great potentials in engineering applications.     

实验室装备及实验室信息管理系统

本文回顾了CISILE 2008第六届中国科学仪器及实验室装备展览会,并对通用实验室设备、制药等行业相关的实验室设备、实验室信息管理系统LIMS等技术和展品的最新情况进行了概述。     

快速成型制造中零件制作方向的优化方法

通过分析STL模型的几何特性和快速成型的工艺过程,建立了台阶效应、支撑面积和制作时间3个目标的优化模型,并分别利用遗传算法进行了求解,建立了独立满意度;然后采用线性加权法建立了综合满意度函数。利用遗传算法求解,得到优化的制作方向．实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地解决快速成型中的制作方向优化问题．     

指纹图像多尺度分类字典稀疏增强

目的 自动指纹识别系统大多是基于细节点匹配的,系统性能依赖于输入指纹质量。输入指纹质量差是目前自动指纹识别系统面临的主要问题。为了提高系统性能,实现对低质量指纹的增强,提出了一种基于多尺度分类字典稀疏表示的指纹增强方法。方法 首先,构建高质量指纹训练样本集,基于高质量训练样本学习得到多尺度分类字典;其次,使用线性对比度拉伸方法对指纹图像进行预增强,得到预增强指纹;然后,在空域对预增强指纹进行分块,基于块内点方向一致性对块质量进行评价和分级;最后,在频域构建基于分类字典稀疏表示的指纹块频谱增强模型,基于块质量分级机制和复合窗口策略,结合频谱扩散,基于多尺度分类字典对块频谱进行增强。结果 在指纹数据库FVC2004上将提出算法与两种传统指纹增强算法进行了对比实验。可视化和量化实验结果均表明,相比于传统指纹增强算法,提出的方法具有更好的鲁棒性,能有效改善低质量输入指纹质量。结论 通过将指纹脊线模式先验引入分类字典学习,为拥有不同方向类别的指纹块分别学习一个更为可靠的字典,使得学习到的分类字典拥有更可靠的脊线模式信息。块质量分级机制和复合窗口策略不仅有助于频谱扩散,改善低质量块的频谱质量,而且使得多尺度分类字典能够成功应用,克服了增强准确性和抗噪性之间的矛盾,使得块增强结果更具稳定性和可靠性,显著提升了低质量指纹图像的增强质量。