A novel ADRC‑based design for a kind of fexible aerocraft

The paper presents a novel control design, which is based on the idea of active disturbance rejection control (ADRC), for a kind of fexible aerocraft whose controlled variable cannot be measured directly. Since the original frame of ADRC cannot be directly applied, the paper puts forward a new extended state observer (ESO) and the corresponding ADRC law. In order to assign the poles of the closed-loop system to ideal positions such that the vibration can be quickly suppressed, an elastic damping term is added into feedback law. The advantages of the new ESO for efectively estimating both the rigid mode and elastic mode from the measurements are discussed. Moreover, the analysis on the stability, the relative stability and the steady state of the closed-loop system is given. Finally, the efectiveness and robustness of the proposed ADRC are verifed by simulations.     

基于分层四叉树的多分辨率数字岩心的表示与生成

传统的数字岩心建模方法建立的数字岩心模型尺寸单一,分辨率固定,导致存储空间过大,难以维护等问题.因此,提出了一种分层四叉树模型,给出了模型的构建及扩展方法,基于此模型,建立多分辨率数字岩心体素模型,同时在分层四叉树模型基础上,结合Marching Cubes移动立方体算法生成数字岩心面模型.通过实例检验证明,该方法建立的数字岩心模型极大地节省了存储空间,耗时较少,同时具有易于维护管理等优点.     

兰州某地铁车站深基坑开挖变形特性及环境影响分析

针对兰州城区工程地质水文条件复杂的问题,为了研究该地区地铁车站深基坑开挖过程中支护结构的变形受力特点和对周边环境的影响,以迎门滩站深基坑工程为典型案例进行分析。该车站基坑所在区段属黄河漫滩区,地铁穿过地层主要为卵石土,水位5～8 m。该基坑围护结构采用钻孔灌注桩+钢管内支撑体系。采用PLAXIS 3D有限元分析软件对该基坑建立三维有限元计算模型,土体本构模型采用土体硬化(HS)模型,依据工程实际开挖工况进行分部开挖计算,根据计算结果对桩撑式支护结构的变形和受力及基坑周边地表和地下管线的变形进行了分析。结果表明:围护桩的变形量、地表沉降量和管线位移量会随着基坑开挖深度的增加有逐渐累积的趋势,但在架设内支撑并施加预应力后,这些变形量的增速会减缓甚至变形量会减小。内支撑施加预应力之后自身轴力会有较大增加,之后基本保持不变,对其他内支撑轴力的影响较小。各变形量均在控制范围之内,满足设计和环境要求,表明该深基坑采用的钻孔灌注桩+钢管内支撑支护体系设计合理。研究成果可为后续黄土地区类似地铁车站深基坑工程建设提供一定的参考依据。     

全局优化的蝴蝶优化算法

针对基本蝴蝶优化算法中存在的易陷入局部最优值、收敛速度慢等问题,提出一种全局优化的蝴蝶算法,引入limit阈值来限定蝴蝶优化算法陷入局部最优解的次数,从而改变算法易陷入早熟的问题,结合单纯形策略优化迭代后期位置较差的蝴蝶使种群能够较快地找到全局最优解;将正弦余弦算法作为局部算子融入BOA中,改善迭代后期种群多样性下降的缺陷,加快算法跳出局部最优。在仿真模拟实验中与多个算法进行对比,结果表明改进算法的寻优性能更好。     

Research and Application of Dynamic Equation for Full Frontal Impact

Full frontal impact theory needs researching and exploring to satisfy the primary safety design of occupant restraint system,avoiding the increasingly "engineering"trend in order to develop and design safety vehicle. After occupant restraint system is simulated by using linear elastic stiffness k,the occupant-vehicle frontal rigid barrier impact model is established. Dynamic equation of dummy chest coupling vehicle is built for full frontal impact based on ordinary vehicle deceleration by Hooke law,and the equation is solved by comparing coefficient and satisfying boundary qualifications. While relative vehicle characteristic parameters are kept unchanging,the actual vehicle deceleration is fitted to the simplified equivalent square wave( ESW),tipped equivalent square wave( TESW) and equivalent dual trapezoids wave( EDTW). Phase angle  and amplitude A of dynamic equations based on ESW,TESW and EDTW are calculated and deduced. The results show that: the dynamic equation of dummy chest coupling vehicle can be well utilized to instruct the primary safety design of full frontal impact for objective vehicle to satisfy chest deceleration demands and the equation based on TESW is best for this design.     

PMIG焊焊接电弧电压的模糊控制

模糊控制是一种新型智能控制方法。本文介绍作者拟对脉冲熔化极气体保护焊(PMIG焊)焊接过程中的电弧电压参数进行模糊控制,取得了良好的焊接电弧稳定性和焊缝成形的效果。     

环链的机械镀锌

在机械镀的滚筒中,环链与料液能产生合理的流态运动,使筒内处理的环链中每个链节的滑动和转动保证了与冲击介质之间的碰撞,获得合格的机械镀锌层。经两年的生产运行证明采用机械镀锌是环链表面防护处理的一种经济可靠的方法。     

Oxidation Performance of Fe-Al/WC Composite Coatings Produced by High Velocity Arc Sprayed at 650 ℃

Fe-Al intermetallics with remarkable high-temperatureintensity and excellent erosion,high-temperatureoxidation and sulfuration resistance are potential lowcost high-temperature structural material.ProducingFe-Al/WC composite coating by high velocity arcspraying(HVAS)on structural materials would notonly obviate the problems faced in fabrication of thesealloys into useful shapes,but also allow the effectiveuse of their outstanding high-temperature performance,which might thus promisingly mak…     

The influence of sulphate-reducing bacteria biofilm on the corrosion of stainless steel AISI 316

This work investigates microbially-influenced corrosion (MIC) of stainless steel AISI 316 by two sulphate-reducing bacteria, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and a local marine isolate. The biofilm and pit morphology that developed with time were analyzed using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results were interpreted with an equivalent circuit to model the physicoelectric characteristics of the electrode/biofilm/solution interface. D. desulfuricans formed one biofilm layer on the metal surface, while the marine isolate formed two layers: a biofilm layer and a ferrous sulfide deposit layer. AFM images corroborated results from the EIS modeling which showed biofilm attachment and subsequent detachment over time.     

基于PIC16F874单片机空调控制器的实现

本文介绍PICl6F874单片机在家用分体式空调上的应用，给出空调主控制板的硬件框图和软件编程流程图，并重点对空调遥控解码和编码过程做了详细的论述。