Affine-structure-based facial image encoding

A real-time algorithm for affine-structure-based video compression for facial images is presented. The face undergoing motion is segmented and triangulated to yield a set of control points. The set of control points generated by triangulation are tracked across a few frames using an intensity-based correlation technique. For accurate motion and structure estimation a Kalman-filter-based algorithm is used to track features on the facial image. The structure information of the control points is transmitted only during the bootstrapping stage. After that only the motion information is transmitted to the decoder. This reduces the number of motion parameters associated with control points in each frame. The local motion of the eyes and lips is captured using local 2-D affine transformations. For real time implementation a quad-tree based search technique is adopted to solve local correlation. Any remaining reconstruction error is accounted for using predictive encoding. Results on real image sequences demonstrate the applicability of the method     

Speaker adaptation technique for HMM model

A new speaker adaptation technique for the hidden Markov model (HMM) based on the maximum model distance (Kwong, 1998; He, 1999) approach is presented. Experimental results have shown that this technique provides good performance even with a small amount of adaptation data. When these results are compared with those from the Baum-Welch approach and the stochastic matching approaches (Sank, 1996), it is found that the presented approach provides the best performance     

Performance of thin-film transistors with ultrathin Ni-MILCpolycrystalline silicon channel layers

High-performance, low-temperature processed thin-film transistors (TFTs) with ultrathin (30-nm) metal induced laterally crystallized (MILC) channel layers were fabricated and characterized. Compared with the MILC TFTs with thicker (100 nm) channel layers, the ones with the 30-nm channel layers exhibit lower threshold voltage, steeper subthreshold slope, and higher transconductance. Furthermore, the comparatively lower off-state leakage current and the higher on-state current of the “thin” devices also imply a higher on/off ratio. At a drain voltage of 5 V, an on/off ratio of about 3×10 ⁷ was obtained for the 30-nm TFTs, which is about 100 times better than that of the 100-nm TFT's. No deliberate hydrogenation was performed on these devices     

A dual-passband filter of canonical structure for satellite applications

Due to the complex arrangement of frequency plans and spatial coverages in modern satellite communication systems, channels that are noncontiguous in frequency may be amplified by a single power amplifier and transmitted to the ground through one beam. In this letter, a dual-mode canonical filter with dual-passband is presented. The filter adopts dual-mode technique for mass and volume reduction. Canonical structure is adopted for maximum zero realization. To validate the design technique, a six-pole dual-mode dual-passband filter of canonical structure for Ka-band (30/20GHz) satellite transponder is realized. The measured frequency response of the filter shows good agreement with the computed one.     

Memristor-based genetic algorithm for image restoration

This paper explores a way of deploying the classical algorithm named genetic algorithm (GA) with the memristor. The memristor is a type of circuit device with both characteristics of storage and computing, which provides the similarity between electronic devices and biological components, such as neurons, and the structure of the memristor-based array is similar to that of chromosomes in genetics. Besides, it provides the similarity to the image gray-value matrix that can be applied to image restoration with GA. Thus, memristor-based GA is proposed and the experiment about image restoration using memristor-based GA is carried out in this paper. And parameters, such as the size of initial population and the number of iterations, are also set different values in the experiment, which demonstrates the feasibility of implementing GA with memristors.¹     

Improving MANET performance by a hop‐aware and energy‐based buffer management scheme

A hop‐aware and energy‐based buffer management scheme (HEB) is proposed in this paper. HEB can provide better quality of service to packets with real‐time requirements and improve MANET power efficiency. In our algorithm, the buffer is divided into real‐time and non‐real‐time partitions. We consider the number of hops passed, the power levels of the transmitting node, the predicted number of remaining hops, and waiting time in the buffer to determine packet transmission priority. In addition, specialized queue management and a probabilistic scheduling algorithm are proposed to decrease retransmissions caused by packet losses. Mathematical derivations of loss rates and end‐to‐end delays are also proposed. Coincidence between mathematical and simulation results is also shown. Finally, the HEB is compared with first in first out, random early detection, and hop‐aware buffering scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm reduces loss rates, power consumption, and end‐to‐end delays for real‐time traffic, considerably improving the efficiency of queue management in MANET. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Improved genetic algorithm for channel allocation with channel borrowing in mobile computing

This paper exploits the potential of the Genetic Algorithm to solve the cellular resource allocation problem. When a blocked host is to be allocated to a borrowable channel, a crucial decision is which neighboring cell to choose to borrow a channel. It is an optimization problem and the genetic algorithm is efficiently applied to handle this. The Genetic Algorithm, for this particular problem, is improved by introducing a new genetic operator, named pluck, that incorporates a problem-specific knowledge in population generation and leads to a better channel utilization by reducing the average blocked hosts. The pluck operator makes the crucial decision of when and which cell to borrow with the future consideration that the borrowing should not lead the network to chaos. It makes a channel borrowing decision that minimizes the number of blocked hosts and improves the long-term performance of the network. Efficacy of the proposed method has been evaluated by experimentation.     

Excellent Switching Uniformity of Cu-Doped $hbox{MoO}_{x}/hbox{GdO}_{x}$ Bilayer for Nonvolatile Memory Applications

We have investigated a Cu-doped MoO_x/GdO_x bilayer film for nonvolatile memory applications. By adopting an ultrathin GdO_x layer, we obtained excellent device characteristics such as resistance ratio of three orders of magnitude, uniform distribution of set and reset voltages, switching endurance up to 10⁴ cycles, and ten years of data retention at 85degC. By adopting bilayer films of Cu-doped MoO_x/GdO_x, a local filament was formed by a two-step process. Improved memory characteristics can be explained by the formation of nanoscale local filament in the ultrathin GdO_x layer.     

柠檬醛对阿糖胞苷抗白血病细胞HL-60强效增敏作用研究

通过对柠檬醛与临床首选药物之一阿糖胞苷联用抗白血病细胞株HL-60的研究,探索二者联用的生物效应及其作用机制。采用MTT和DAPI核染色等方法观察柠檬醛同阿糖胞苷的不等浓度组合HL-60的增殖抑制和诱导凋亡作用,相分析电泳激光散射技术检测联用对细胞表面电荷的影响。柠檬醛显示一定的抑制HL-60增殖,促进其凋亡的效应,并与阿糖胞苷有较显著的协同性,增加柠檬醛浓度与药物阿糖胞苷联合作用可使膜表面电位下降的幅度增大。柠檬醛有联合阿糖胞苷临床治疗潜力。