A polynomial fuzzy neural network for modeling and control

This paper introduces a novel neurofuzzy system based on polynomial fuzzy neural network (PFNN) architecture. A PFNN consists of a set of if-then rules with appropriate membership functions (MFs) whose parameters are optimized via a hybrid genetic algorithm. A polynomial neural network is employed in the defuzzification scheme to improve output performance and to select appropriate rules. A performance criterion for model selection is defined to overcome the overfitting problem in the modeling procedure. For a performance assessment of the PFNN inference system, two well-known problems are employed for a comparison with other methods. The results of these comparisons show that the PFNN inference system out-performs the other methods and exhibits robustness characteristics. This work was presented in part at the Fourth International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 19–22, 1999     

Fault-based test suite prioritization for specification-based testing

Context

Existing test suite prioritization techniques usually rely on code coverage information or historical execution data that serve as indicators for estimating the fault-detecting ability of test cases. Such indicators are primarily empirical in nature and not theoretically driven; hence, they do not necessarily provide sound estimates. Also, these techniques are not applicable when the source code is not available or when the software is tested for the first time.

Objective

We propose and develop the novel notion of fault-based prioritization of test cases which directly utilizes the theoretical knowledge of their fault-detecting ability and the relationships among the test cases and the faults in the prescribed fault model, based on which the test cases are generated.

Method

We demonstrate our approach of fault-based prioritization by applying it to the testing of the implementation of logical expressions against their specifications. We then validate our proposal by an empirical study that evaluates the effectiveness of prioritization techniques using two different metrics.

Results

A theoretically guided fault-based prioritization technique generally outperforms other techniques under study, as assessed by two different metrics. Our empirical results also show that the technique helps to reveal all target faults by executing only about 72% of the prioritized test suite, thereby reducing the effort required in testing.

Conclusions

The fault-based prioritization approach is not only applicable to the instance empirically validated in this paper, but should also be adaptable to other fault-based testing strategies. We also envisage new research directions to be opened up by our work.     

活性氧化铝除氟性能研究

对3种不同粒径的氧化铝进行活化,控制滤建,研究其除氟性能,并在实验条件下测得其饱和吸附量.实验结果表明,除氟剂粒径小、比表面积较大时,有利于除氟性能的提高.     

活性炭—陶粒复合滤料吸附性能试验研究

为改善水质,研究了活性炭—陶粒复合吸附工艺。陶粒对有机物中极性分子和不饱和分子有较高的选择吸附优势,对饮用水中常见的污染物NH3-N的吸附能力也很强。陶粒与活性炭的吸附性能有很好的互补性能,组合工艺可有效去除污染物。静态试验结果表明,吸附剂最佳配比为70%活性炭＋30%陶粒,通过吸附特性比较得出,活性炭—陶粒组合工艺对水中CODMn的吸附性能优于单独使用活性炭。在最佳条件下,对CODMn和氨氮的去除率分别为28.6%和34%。     

基于ZigBee技术的学生宿舍监测系统设计

学生宿舍就寝后谈话及防火管理问题一直是学生管理部门的一大难题,针对学生宿舍集中、监测点多两大特点,提出一个基于ZigBee技术的解决方案.硬件设计以CC2430为核心,分析并设计出声、光、烟雾检测电路;为实现安装方便灵活性,各节点采用了灵活多样的供电方式.在分析ZStack协议栈操作系统的基础上,在其中实现了信号采集程序;监控PC机软件采用VC++及SQL数据库技术进行设计.经测试,系统能有效地采集、存储各路传感器信号并及时报警,为学生宿舍管理提供了一种方便有效的新方法.     

A method for evaluating fault coverage using simulated fault injection for digitalized systems in nuclear power plants

The fault coverage for digital system in nuclear power plants is evaluated using a simulated fault injection method. Digital systems have numerous advantages, such as hardware elements share and hardware replication of the needed number of independent channels. However, the application of digital systems to safety-critical systems in nuclear power plants has been limited due to reliability concerns. In the reliability issues, fault coverage is one of the most important factors. In this study, we propose an evaluation method of the fault coverage for safety-critical digital systems in nuclear power plants. The system under assessment is a local coincidence logic processor for a digital plant protection system at Ulchin nuclear power plant units 5 and 6. The assessed system is simplified and then a simulated fault injection method is applied to evaluate the fault coverage of two fault detection mechanisms. From the simulated fault injection experiment, the fault detection coverage of the watchdog timer is 44.2% and that of the read only memory (ROM) checksum is 50.5%. Our experiments show that the fault coverage of a safety-critical digital system is effectively quantified using the simulated fault injection method.     

Degrees of freedom in some underspread MIMO fading channels

Consider a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) fading channel in which the fading process varies slowly over time. Assuming that neither the transmitter nor the receiver have knowledge of the fading process, do multiple transmit and receive antennas provide significant capacity improvements at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)? For regular fading processes, recent results show that capacity ultimately grows doubly logarithmically with the SNR independently of the number of transmit and receive antennas used. We show that for the Gauss-Markov fading process in all regimes of practical interest the use of multiple antennas provides large capacity improvements. Nonregular fading processes show completely different high-SNR behaviors due to the perfect predictability of the process from noiseless observations. We analyze the capacity of MIMO channels with nonregular fading by presenting a lower bound, which we specialize to the case of band-limited slowly varying fading processes to show that the use of multiple antennas is still highly beneficial. In both cases, regular and nonregular fading, this capacity improvement can be seen as the benefit of having multiple spatial degrees of freedom. For the Gauss-Markov fading model and all regimes of practical interest, we present a communication scheme that achieves the full number of degrees of freedom of the channel with tractable complexity. Our results for underspread Gauss-Markov and band-limited nonregular fading channels suggest that multiple antennas are useful at high SNR.