分散固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定植源性油料油脂中67种除草剂

目的 建立分散固相萃取结合液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定油料油脂中 67 种除草剂残留的检测方法。方法 选取花生、大豆、油菜籽、花生油、大豆油及菜籽油为典型基质试样,经 1% 甲酸-乙腈提取,通过乙二胺基-N-丙基和无水 MgSO₄分散固相萃取净化。以甲醇和 5 mmol/L 乙酸铵(含 0. 1% 甲酸)为流动相梯度洗脱,采用 C₁₈色谱柱分离,ESI 离子源正负离子模式同时进行多反应监测(MRM),基质标准曲线外标法定量。结果 基质加标试验结果表明,0. 000 5～0. 08 mg/L 浓度范围内 67 种除草剂线性良好,决定系数(R²)均>0. 992,定量限(LOD)为 0. 005～0. 02 mg/kg。3 个加标水平下(LOD、2LOD、10LOD)的回收率为 62. 3%～118. 1%,RSD(n=6)均<15%。结论 本方法稳定性高、特异性强、灵敏、准确、高效,可以用于油料油脂中多种除草剂残留的定性定量检测。     

乳酸菌GP100抑制霉菌和酵母菌的应用研究

通过双层平板培养法,研究证明了乳酸菌GP100对霉菌M1有不完全抑制作用和对霉菌M2、M3和M4有完全抑制作用;并通过酸奶样品数据统计法,研究证明了乳酸菌GP100对酵母菌污染率可降低43.9%。     

B族维生素对沼泽红假单胞菌产氢以及降解废水的影响

研究了B族维生素对沼泽红假单胞菌生长和产氢的影响以及其对模拟废水的处理效果。考察了在基础培养基中加入不同配比B族维生素时的产氢状况和废水处理效果。结果表明,B族维生素对沼泽红假单胞菌的生长,产氢以及处理废水能力都是有影响的。从产氢量的角度来看,空白对照组(未添加任何B族系列维生素)的产氢量最少,产氢量累积达到57.88 mL/L,加入全部维生素累积量128.83 mL/L,缺少VB2的产氢累积为83.25 mL/L,低于加入全部维生素累积量,因此VB2对产氢有促进作用,而缺少VB4的产氢量累积高达337.43 mL/L,高于加入全部维生素累积量,因此VB4对产氢有抑制作用。而对于废水处理效果来看,只加入复合VB的COD去除率达到最高值64.706%。     

发酵肉制品中生物胺的危害及控制

发酵肉制品中的生物胺是由微生物中的酶对游离氨基酸发生脱羧作用而形成,生物胺种类复杂,并易在人体内积累产生毒性,本文综述了生物胺的特点、毒性、产生物胺微生物的种类及发酵肉制品中生物胺的控制因素(原料肉的控制、优良发酵剂的开发、生产工艺条件的控制等),目的是为了控制发酵肉中生物胺含量,确保发酵肉制品安全。     

益生菌制品的研究进展

益生菌是一种通过改善肠道微生物平衡从而对宿主施加有益影响的微生物添加物,它们对机体有多种其它正常生理菌群无法比拟的生理作用.目前,国内外的益生菌制品种类繁多并形成了产业规模,尤其是日本和欧盟,在中国的发展也是日新月异.针对上述情况,对益生菌制剂的发展概况、工业化生产及应用等问题进行了综述,以期为我国进一步发展益生菌制品提供理论依据.     

Smith算法与改进Smith算法在啤酒发酵温控中的对比研究

在分析啤酒发酵工艺流程及控制要求的基础上,针对发酵过程中温度的控制特性,对比运用了Smith补偿控制和改进Smith补偿控制2种方案,在MATLAB的Simulink环境进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,相对于Smith补偿控制,采用改进Smith补偿控制使得系统的鲁棒性更强,提高了系统抗干扰能力。     

Monitoring of perfluorinated compounds in edible fish from the Mediterranean Sea

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS) are environmental contaminants belonging to a chemical group known as perfluorinated compounds (PCFs). The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) considers both compounds to be carcinogenic. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the contamination levels of PFOS and PFOA in edible fish of the Mediterranean Sea. Twenty six fish muscles, 17 fish livers, five series of cephalopods (each composed of ten specimens) and thirteen series of bivalves (each composed of about 50 specimens) were used for the investigation. A fast sample treatment, followed by an LC–ESI–MS/MS method is described for the identification, and quantification of PFOA and PFOS in fish. The method was in-house-validated through the determination of precision, accuracy, specificity, calibration curve, decision limit (CCα), and detection capability (CCβ). The results showed PFOA and PFOS levels in fishes and molluscs lower than those reported for analogue matrices in different geographic areas. Therefore, our biomonitoring results did not show that the Mediterranean Sea had any particularly alarming pollution by PFCs, although it is located in a semi-closed basin with scarce water change. Nonetheless, a worrying element is that a few fish showed extremely high contamination by PFOA and PFOS. This finding needs further clarification in order to assess whether such unusual contamination is linked to “dot-like” pollutant release, which could explain the anomaly.     

Amorphous carbon-matrix composites with interconnected carbon nano-ribbon networks for electromagnetic interference shielding

Carbon-matrix composites with self-assembly interconnected carbon nano-ribbon networks were fabricated using natural and inexpensive rice husks by impregnating the rice husks with transitional metal solutions and sintering. The nano-structure of the composite was characterized using transmission electron microscopy. The electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of the composite was evaluated in the frequency range of 30 kHz–1.5 GHz. The electrical conductivity was measured as a function of the sintering temperature. These characteristics were compared with those of carbon-matrix composites without nano-ribbon networks.     

SIS的环氧化反应

研究了ＳＩＳ在甲苯溶剂中的环氧化反应,得到了甲苯溶剂中ＳＩＳ环氧化反应的适宜条件：ＳＩＳ溶液浓度为１５％,甲酸／过氧化氢（摩尔比）＝１．５：１,反应温度５０℃,反应时间２小时。所得产物的环氧含量为３．３５０ｍｏｌ／Ｋｇ。     

Light induced electropolymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) on niobium oxide

The photoelectrochemical polymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), PEDOT, was successfully realized on anodic film grown to 50 V on magnetron sputtered niobium. Photocurrent Spectroscopy was employed to study the optical properties of Nb/Nb₂O₅/PEDOT/electrolyte interface in a large range of potential, and to get an estimate of the band gap and flat band potential of both the oxide and the polymer. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to study the morphology of PEDOT. Both the optical and morphological features of the photoelectrochemically grown polymer were compared with those showed by PEDOT electropolymerized on gold conducting substrate.