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21.
The characterization of an optical sensor membrane is described for simultaneous determination of sulfite and sulfide ions based on the immobilization of crystal violet on a triacetylcellulose membrane. The absorbance of the membranes decreased by increasing sulfite and sulfide concentration. The partial least squares (PLS-1) calibration model based on spectrophotometric measurement for simultaneous determination of sulfite and sulfide ions was applied. This method is based on the difference between the rate of the reaction of sulfide and sulfite with membranes in pH 7.0 buffer solution and at 25 °C. The experimental calibration matrix for partial least squares (PLS-1) calibration was designed with 18 samples. The cross-validation method was used for selecting the number of factors. The results showed that simultaneous determination could be performed in the range of 200–2000 μg mL−1 (2.5–25 mmol L−1) and 80–900 μg mL−1 (2.5–28.125 mmol L−1) for sulfite and sulfide, respectively. The sensor can readily be regenerated with water and the color is fully reversible. The sensor was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of sulfide and sulfite in water samples. 相似文献
22.
Masoud Baghelani Habib Badri Ghavifekr Afshin Ebrahimi 《Microsystem Technologies》2011,17(10-11):1599-1609
One of the most encumbering issues in RF MEMS resonators is spurious modes. The problem of spurious modes becomes more critical, when the ring type resonators are used. In the ring shape anchored contour mode disk resonator, for achieving a low serial resistance, the inner radius of the disk must be increased. This causes the spurious modes to become too close to the desired mode and degrade the operation of the resonator. In this work, spurious modes of before-mentioned device are introduced and their characteristics are evaluated by exact analytical approach. Based on those analytical approaches, we introduce two techniques for spurious mode suppression. The first technique is based on exciting the desired mode by proper electrode engineering and hence is an electrical approach. The second technique is reconfiguring of the anchor from a continuous ring to crossed ring segments and locating the segments on the phase discriminating lines to increase the insertion loss for spurious modes and decrease the losses for the fundamental mode. The final harmonic analysis verifies that the proposed techniques result a resonator with a pure frequency spectrum and spurious modes excluded over a very wide frequency range. 相似文献
23.
Alireza Shamsi Amir Shamloo Negar Mohammadaliha Hassan Hajghassem Jalil Fallah Mehrabadi Masoumeh Bazzaz 《Microsystem Technologies》2016,22(10):2447-2454
Since plasma is rich in many biomarkers used in clinical diagnostic experiments, microscale blood plasma separation is a primitive step in most of microfluidic analytical chips. In this paper, a passive microfluidic device for on-chip blood plasma separation based on Zweifach–Fung effect and plasma skimming was designed and fabricated by hot embossing of microchannels on a PMMA substrate and thermal bonding process. Human blood was diluted in various times and injected into the device. The main novelty of the proposed microfluidic device is the design of diffuser-shaped daughter channels. Our results demonstrated that this design exerted a considerable positive influence on the separation efficiency of the passive separator device, and the separation efficiency of 66.6 % was achieved. The optimum purity efficiency of 70 % was achieved for 1:100 dilution times. 相似文献
24.
Robust Stability and Stabilization Of TCP‐Networked Control Systems with Multiple Delay System Modeling
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This paper presents a new model for networked control systems (NCSs) under transmission control protocol (TCP) as a multiple‐delay system by considering both sensor to controller and controller to actuator delays. An analytical TCP model has been considered for the network part, and an active queue management (AQM) controller is designed to regulate the desired queue length, which ensures holding the network induced delay and its variation within their lower bounds. The model is assumed to possess structured uncertainties due to the stochastic nature of the network. Robust stability and stabilization conditions are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) by applying the Lyapunov‐Krasovskii stability criterion. Illustrative examples are presented and it has been shown that the proposed method will obtain less conservative results compared to the existing approaches in the literature. 相似文献
25.
The assumption of proportional hazards (PH) fundamental to the Cox PH model sometimes may not hold in practice. In this paper, we propose a generalization of the Cox PH model in terms of the cumulative hazard function taking a form similar to the Cox PH model, with the extension that the baseline cumulative hazard function is raised to a power function. Our model allows for interaction between covariates and the baseline hazard and it also includes, for the two sample problem, the case of two Weibull distributions and two extreme value distributions differing in both scale and shape parameters. The partial likelihood approach can not be applied here to estimate the model parameters. We use the full likelihood approach via a cubic B-spline approximation for the baseline hazard to estimate the model parameters. A semi-automatic procedure for knot selection based on Akaike’s information criterion is developed. We illustrate the applicability of our approach using real-life data. 相似文献
26.
Mohsen Ebrahimi Moghaddam Mohammad Reza Bonyadi 《International journal of parallel programming》2012,40(2):225-257
Multiprocessor task scheduling is an important problem in parallel applications and distributed systems. In this way, solving
the multiprocessor task scheduling problem (MTSP) by heuristic, meta-heuristic, and hybrid algorithms have been proposed in literature. Although the problem has been addressed
by many researchers, challenges to improve the convergence speed and the reliability of methods for solving the problem are
still continued especially in the case that the communication cost is added to the problem frame work. In this paper, an Immune-based
Genetic algorithm (IGA), a meta-heuristic approach, with a new coding scheme is proposed to solve MTSP. It is shown that the proposed coding reduces the search space of MTSP in many practical problems, which effectively influences
the convergence speed of the optimization process. In addition to the reduced search space offered by the proposed coding
that eventuate in exploring better solutions at a shorter time frame, it guarantees the validity of solutions by using any
crossover and mutation operators. Furthermore, to overcome the regeneration phenomena in the proposed GA (generating similar
chromosomes) which leads to premature convergence, an affinity based approach inspired from Artificial Immune system is employed
which results in better exploration in the searching process. Experimental results showed that the proposed IGA surpasses related works in terms of found makespan (20% improvement in average) while it needs less iterations to find the
solutions (90% improvement in average) when it is applied to standard test benches. 相似文献
27.
Iradj Ebrahimi 《Forschung im Ingenieurwesen》1976,42(1):33-35
Zusammenfassung Die bisher bekannten Beziehungen zur Berechnung des axialen Geschwindigkeitsverlaufs in isothermen Luft-Freistrahlen gelten
nur für das Strahlende etwa im Gebiet von x/d>50, in dem die Reynoldszahl keinen Einflu? mehr auf den Geschwindigkeits-oder
Impulsabfall hat. In dem Gebiet4<x/d<50 nimmt das Verh?ltnis
mit wachsender Reynoldszahl bis zu einer Grenz-Reynoldszahl zu. Durch Definition einer axialen Halbwertl?nge x0,5 (x0,5=x bei
) wurde eine Beziehung gefunden, die den Einflu? der Reynoldszahl am Strahlanfang berücksichtigt.
Mitteilung aus dem Engler-Bunte-Institut, Bereich Feuerungstechnik, der Universit?t Karlsruhe (TH), Direktor des Instituts:
Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Günther. 相似文献
28.
Uniaxial tensile studies concerning electrodeposited nanocrystalline face‐centered cubic Ni and Ni–Fe alloys are reported on p. 1969 by Ebrahimi and Li. The nanograined metals display a transition in the deformation mechanism at a critical grain size. The cover shows that their fracture surfaces exhibited a ductile‐to‐brittle transition from the “cup–cup” (intragranular, ductile failure, dislocation controlled) (top panels) to “cup–cone” (intergranular, brittle fracture, probably due to breaking of atomic bonds) (bottom panels) characteristics at room temperature across this critical grain size value. 相似文献
29.
In this study, thermal and small-scale effects on the flapwise bending vibrations of a rotating nanoplate, which can be the basis of nano-turbine design, have been analyzed. The nano-turbine is made of an orthotropic nanoplate with a setting angle that is modeled based on the classical plate theory (CPT) with cantilever boundary conditions. The axial forces are also included in the model as the true spatial variation due to the rotation and temperature change. The governing equations and boundary conditions are derived according to Hamilton's principle and the governing equations are solved with the aid of the generalized differential quadrature method. The effects of small-scale parameter, nondimensional angular velocity, temperature change, and setting angles in the first four nondimensional frequencies are discussed. Due to the consideration of the rotating effects, results of this study are applicable in nano-machines, such as nano-motors, nano-rotor, and other rotating nano-structures. Also, by considering the effect of thermal loading on rotation of a nanoplate, the results are useful in the design of nano-turbines. 相似文献