The development and multitrait-multimethod matrix analysis of three measures of three aspects of guilt.

Forced-choice and true-false guilt scales which controlled for social desirability were developed from a sentence-completion measure of guilt for 3 subcategories of guilt: Sex Guilt, Hostile Guilt, and Morality-Conscience Guilt. The 3 methods of measuring the 3 aspects of guilt were examined in a multitrait-multimethod matrix based on 95 male Ss. The matrix provided promising evidence of convergent and discriminant validity of the 3 guilt subcategories as measured by the forced-choice and true-false methods. Further evidence of discriminant validity was provided by including anxiety and social desirability scores as measured by 2 methods in the matrix. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Server intervention: A new approach for preventing drinking driving

Most current strategies for preventing casualties associated with drinking driving stress criminal sanctions, alcoholism treatment, and/or educational programs. Because these approaches have been shown to have at best only a limited impact on the incidence of drinking driving, new prevention strategies need to be developed to complement existing efforts. This article provides the basic conceptual framework for designing one such strategy-server intervention programs.

Server intervention refers to those actions taken by servers of alcoholic beverages which are designed to reduce the likelihood that those being served will harm themselves or others. The programs can be divided conceptually into three basic components: (1) training (educational programs directed at servers); (2) legal (ABC laws and regulations, dram shop liability, and criminal laws): and (3) environmental (design of outlets, outlet location, and transportation facilities). The article analyzes these three components and reviews six existing or recently completed programs throughout the United States. The article concludes by summarizing the practical barriers, potential benefits, and theoretical implications of a server intervention approach to the prevention of drinking driving.     

Federal mental health policymaking: An assessment of deinstitutionalization.

Argues that significant advances in psychopharmacology and psychology have occurred in the last 3 decades and that the technologies of treating serious mental disorders have improved accordingly. The authors describe the emerging issues of efficacious and cost-effective applications of these technologies to an increasingly complex system of needs and populations, their potential role in public policy, and their relationship to recent federal policy decisions. (18 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Double hypnotic induction: An initial empirical test.

Compared 34 right-handed undergraduates' responses to a double induction and to the traditional hypnotic induction used in the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scales. In separate experimental sessions, Ss experienced audiotapes of a standard hypnotic induction and a double induction similar to that described by R. Bandler and J. Grinder (1975). In the double induction, Ss heard a hand-levitation induction through the ear contralateral to the dominant cerebral hemisphere, and simultaneously, hard grammatically childlike messages through the other ear. Half of the Ss experienced the double induction first. There were no significant within-S differences between the 2 inductions. However, Ss who experienced the double induction prior to the standard induction were significantly less responsive to suggestions following both inductions, which suggests that the double induction as a 1st experience of hypnosis may have a negative impact on subsequent experiences of hypnosis. (10 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A heterogeneous coarse mesh solution for the 2-D NEA C5G7 mox benchmark problem

This paper presents a transport solution to the C5G7 2-Dbenchmark problem using a Monte Carlo adaptation of a heterogeneous coarse mesh transport method. The method couples Monte Carlo response function calculations to deterministic sweeps for converging the partial currents on coarse mesh boundaries. The propagation of statistical uncertainties is accounted for in a straightforward fashion. Presently, eigenvalue iterations have been avoided in order to investigate the impact of the partial current representation on the solution accuracy. Therefore, the results do not include the effect of residual eigenvalue error from actual outer iterations. However, excellent results have been achieved with very simple representations of the partial currents. In particular, the errors in the system multiplication factor and the average absolute pin power were 0.12% and 0.68%, respectively. The root mean square and the mean relative pin power errors were 1.15% and 0.56%, respectively. The largest discrepancies from the reference pin powers appeared in low power regions near the reflector, with a maximum error of 6.99%. The accuracy of the results of the coarse mesh method is comparable to most published fine mesh results. We note that the deterministic iterations that actually solve the coarse mesh problem are extremely fast (of the order of seconds).     

Sex guilt and premarital sexual experiences of college students.

Investigated the relationship of sex guilt as a personality disposition to reports of previous sexual experiences, feelings following participation, or reasons for nonparticipation, and pre- and postmarital sexual standards for 60 male and 76 female undergraduates. Sex guilt was negatively correlated with the level of intimacy of premarital sexual experiences, and guilty Ss had less permissive premarital standards. The more guilty females gave moral beliefs as their reason for not participating in intercourse or more intimate forms of petting; the more guilty males reported that moral beliefs, respect for the girl, and fear of pregnancy or disease were their reasons for nonparticipation in intercourse or oral-genital relations. (15 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Personality correlates of the Mosher Guilt Scales

Examined the relationship between sex guilt, hostility guilt, and morality-conscience guilt, and more traditional concepts in personality, to extend the construct validational work of the Mosher Guilt Scales. This was achieved by correlating the scores of the three guilt subscales with the 15 manifest needs of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule. The results indicate that while there was some overlap between the guilt scores and the manifest needs, the association was usually a function of theoretically consistent relationships rather than duality of constructs. These findings, and the literature review of the Mosher Guilt Scales, are interpreted as supporting the continued use of the three guilt subscales as well as suggesting that guilt is a personality variable of considerable theoretical significance.