水煤浆添加剂及其研究进展

介绍了水煤浆添加剂结构特征对煤成浆性能影响的研究情况及新型高效添加剂的研究进展。目前制浆添加剂主要分为阴离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂;我国与国外的水煤浆添加剂技术相比,还存在一定的差距,特别是分散降粘性质方面,高效、价廉、适用性广的添加剂为数并不多。     

Physical agglomeration behavior in preparation of cellulose‐N‐methyl morpholine N‐oxide hydrate solutions by simple mixing

The different melting temperatures of N‐methyl morpholine N‐oxide (NMMO) hydrates in the cellulose–NMMO hydrate solution may be explained by the rather different crystal structures of NMMO hydrates, which are determined by the amount of the hydrates. The preparative process of cellulose–NMMO hydrate solution may result in cellulose structural change from cellulose I to cellulose II, depending on the amount of the hydrate. Mixtures of cellulose and NMMO hydrate in a blender was changed from the granules to slurry with increasing mixing time at 60–70°C, which is below the melting point of the NMMO hydrate. In the case of 15 wt % cellulose–NMMO hydrate granules, which were made by mixing for 20 min, the melting points of various NMMO hydrates were obtained as 77.8°C (n = 0.83), 70.2°C (n = 0.97), and 69.7°C (n = 1.23), respectively, depending on the hydrate number. However, the melting points of cellulose–NMMO hydrate slurry and solution were shifted lower than those of cellulose granules, while the mixing time of slurry and solution are 25 and 35 min, respectively. These melting behaviors indicate instantaneous liquefaction of the NMMO hydrate and the diffusion of the NMMO hydrate into cellulose during mixing in a blender. When cellulose was completely dissolved in NMMO hydrate, the crystal structure of cellulose showed only cellulose II structure. In the cellulose–NMMO products of granules or slurry obtained by high‐speed mixing, which is a new preparation method, they still retained the original cellulose I structure. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 1687–1697, 2004     

Fabrication and characterization of PFSI/ePTFE composite proton exchange membranes of polymer electrolyte fuel cells

PFSI/ePTFE composite proton exchange membranes were fabricated by impregnating perfluorosulfonic acid resin (PFSI resin, Nafion) into chemically modified expanded PTFE (ePTFE) matrix. Chemical modification of sodium-naphthalene treatment and N-methylol acrylamide (NMA) grafting decreased the contact angle of the as-received ePTFE from 125 ± 0.5° to 67 ± 0.5°, effectively converting the as-received hydrophobic ePTFE to a hydrophilic ePTFE matrix. The composite membrane fabricated with the hydrophilic ePTFE have higher impregnated PFSI loading, much lower porosity and better PTFE/PFSI interface contact, as compared to the composite membranes with the as-received ePTFE. This leads to much lower gas permeability and significantly improves the durability under an accelerated dry/wet cycle test. The fuel cell made from the PFSI/ePTFE composite membranes with hydrophilic ePTFE showed superior performance as compared to that with the composite membrane made from the as-received ePTFE and Nafion 211 membrane.     

灭多威在棉花及土壤中降解动态及残留量研究

按生产上常规用量，每亩喷施２０％灭多威乳油６０毫升防治二代棉铃虫，施药后７天在棉叶上及１４天在土壤中其降解率分别为９８．８１％及８８．０９％；半衰期分别的１．５６天及４．９８天。防治二、三、四代棉铃虫，按有效剂量施药６次，有效成分７２克／亩，棉籽和土壤中的最大残留量分别为０．０２３及０．０８４微克／克；再加大５０％用量，有效成分１０８克／亩，最大残留量仅为０．０３４及０．２１４微克／克。结果表明，灭多威在棉叶上及土壤中降解较迅速，常规用量下，对棉籽及土壤污染较轻。     

基于仿射传播的有向网络聚类算法

现有大多数的网络聚类方法都只是针对无向网络, 已有的有向网络聚类方法建立在传统聚类算法基础之上, 存在着一定的局限性。针对上述问题, 提出一种基于仿射传播的有向网络聚类算法, 该算法首先采用SimRank作为节点之间的相似度, 并将计算得到的结果转换为适应于仿射传播算法的负值; 然后将相似度矩阵作为输入, 利用具有更好性能的仿射传播算法对有向网络进行聚类。实验结果表明, 所提出算法的聚类性能优于其他几种具有代表性的有向网络聚类算法。     

果酸脂质体的制备、检测及应用

以大豆卵磷脂为包封材料 ,用反相蒸发法制备果酸脂质体。并用透射电子显微镜表征了其形态结构 ,证实其直径在1 0 0纳米～ 2 0 0纳米之间。研究了果酸浓度对包封率 ,稳定剂浓度对脂质体稳定性的影响。结果表明 ,果酸浓度为 0 .3mg/ml时可以得到较好的包封率 ,丙二醇的适宜浓度是 5 % -1 5 % ,最终将脂质体应用于化妆品中 ,并证明是可行的     

聚合转化率对硫调型氯丁胶结构与性能的影响

研究了硫调型氯丁橡胶乳液聚合中转化率对产晶结构与性能的影响.结果表明,随单体转化率的提高,聚合物的凝胶量及其交联密度增大,致使断链速度减慢,所得断链胶的门尼粘度上升,残存凝胶量增加,分子支化程度增大,分子量分布变宽,焦烧时间缩短。而相应硫化胶的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、冲击弹性和硬度等提高,扯断伸长率和永久变形下降。这些变化一般在转化率为80——85％时有明显转折.综合考虑产量与质量,聚合转化率控制在82±2％较为适宜。     

Influence of processing on ethylene propylene block copolymers (II): Fracture behavior

The present work investigates the relationships between the microstructural state and fracture properties in commercial polypropylene‐based materials. In this case an isopolypropylene homopolymer and three ethylene propylene block copolymers (EPBC) with different ethylene content (EC) have been studied. A variety of morphologies were obtained by a combination of several processing methods (injection molding, injection molding‐annealing, and compression molding) and thickness. Fracture behavior of deeply double‐edged notched specimens was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and by the essential work of fracture (EWF) method, analyzing the influence of processing, thickness (t), EC, and orientation respect to melt flow direction (MD and TD). The testing direction and EC are the most relevant variables that affect the ability of the crack tip to deform plastically during the crack propagation, determining the final fracture behavior. The fracture parameters obtained with the EWF method, specific EWF, w_e, and plastic item, βw_p, have proved to be very sensitive to the processing induced morphology, finding interesting relationships between such morphologies (characterized by crystallinity index, orientation level, and skin/core ratio) and the fracture parameters of the plaques. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 2714–2724, 2006     

STM32的双路信号源及其配置平台设计

针对目前测量分析、弱信号检测的需求,以STM32F107和AD9958为核心实现了一种高分辨率幅度、频率、相位的双路信号源。首先对直接数字合成(Direct Digital Synthesis,DDS)工作原理进行介绍,重点分析了杂散的主要来源,并设计LC椭圆低通滤波器对杂散进行抑制。设计输出电路使信号源满足低频需求,并可直接用于驱动负载。最后采用STM32F107和VC6.0搭建了配置平台,对信号源波形灵活控制。     

试述疗养院信息化建设

当今社会疗养院建设快速推进,疗养院卫生信息化发展极为迅速.那么疗养院怎样根据自身情况,提高疗养院整体管理水平、规范各项医疗工作,已成为一个迫切需要解决的问题.这就要求疗养院必须提高自己的自身信息化建设水平,必须跟上社会卫生信息化建设步伐.本文对疗养院信息化建设的基本情况、遇到的主要问题及其今后发展的趋势进行了探讨.以促进疗养院信息化建设迅速健康的发展.