铬、钴、铁用作彩色渗花砖发色元素的研究

用晶体体场理论讨论了铬、钴、铁作为陶瓷发色元素的呈色机理，并对彩色渗花液在砖坯上的渗入过程及物理化学原理进行了研究，分析了影响发色剂呈色的主要因素。     

A nucleolus-associated coiled body

One or two healthy structures frequently have been observed attached to nucleoli in facial motor neurons of the golden hamster. These round-to-oval structures, called "coiled bodies", were seen at 15, 19, and 24 days postnatal and in the adult, both in normal neurons and in chromatolytic neurons which had been axotomized 4 days previously. With one exception, the coiled bodies were seen to be attached via fibrillar material to the nucleolar periphery. Although the numbers of coiled bodies may be altered during neuronal maturation and as a result of axon section, the bodies revealed no structural alterations that could be attributed to developmental age or to experimental trauma.     

工艺参数对TiO2碳热还原合成Ti（C,N）粉末的影响

本文探讨了ＴｉＯ２碳热还原法合成Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）粉末过程中合成温度，保温时间，Ｎ２气流量，Ｃ／Ｔｉ比值等工艺参数的变化对粉末性状的影响，实验表明，Ｎ比Ｃ更易于Ｔｉ结合，改变工艺对数可调整Ｔｉ（Ｃ１－ｘＮｘ）的ｘ值。在１４００～１７００℃间可获得ｘ值的０．６～０．８５的Ｔｉ（Ｃ１－ｘＮｘ）粉末。     

Feature Selection with Data Field

A new feature selection method is proposed for high-dimensional data clustering on the basis of data field. With the potential entropy to evaluate the importance of feature subsets, features are filtered by removing unimportant features or noises from the original datasets. Experiments show that the proposed method can sharply reduce the number of dimensions and effectively improve the clustering performance on WDBC dataset.     

硫酸铝、草酸钾及其共混物对α-半水石膏制备及性能的影响

制备高强石膏是磷石膏资源化的重要途经。为实现磷石膏资源化,采用蒸压水溶液法,以硫酸铝、草酸钾及其共混物为转晶剂,在蒸压温度为130℃、保温时间为6 h、液固质量比为0.5条件下制备了α-半水石膏。讨论了不同转晶剂对α-半水石膏形貌和力学性能的影响。结果表明,以硫酸铝为转晶剂时,所制备试样的形貌随转晶剂掺量的增大呈现由针状向长柱状、小晶粒向大晶粒发展的趋势,而以草酸钾为转晶剂制备的试样形貌多为短柱状、晶粒大小不一。当转晶剂总量为石膏量的0.6%、硫酸铝与草酸钾掺量比为5∶1时所制备的石膏试样具有晶粒尺寸大、晶体形貌规整（六方状晶体）的特点,其2 h抗折强度和2 d绝干抗压强度分别可达5.88、36.90 MPa。     

A restructured artificial bee colony optimizer combining life-cycle,local search and crossover operations for droplet property prediction in printable electronics fabrication

For printable electronics fabrication, a major challenge is the print resolution and accuracy delivered by a drop-on-demand piezoelectric inkjet printhead. In order to meet the challenging requirements of printable electronics fabrication, this paper proposes a novel restructured artificial bee colony optimizer called HABC for optimal prediction of the droplet volume and velocity. The main idea of HABC is to develop an adaptive and cooperative scheme by combining life-cycle, Powell’s search and crossover-based social learning strategies for complex optimizations. HABC is a more biologically-realistic model that the reproduce and die dynamically throughout the foraging process and the population size varies as the algorithm runs. With the crossover operator, the information exchange ability of the bees can be enhanced in the early exploration phase while the Powell’s search enables the bees deeply exploit around the promising area, which provides an appropriate balance between exploration and exploitation. The proposed algorithm is benchmarked against other four state-of-the-art bio-inspired algorithms using both classical and CEC2005 test function suites. Then HABC is applied to predict the printing quality using nano-silver ink. Statistical analysis of all these tests highlights the significant performance improvement due to the beneficial combination and shows that the proposed HABC outperforms the reference algorithms.     

焦炉煤气正、负压HPF脱硫工艺比较

对正、负压HPF脱硫工艺进行工艺特点和经济比较,并对2种工艺的设备、产品、原材料及消耗指标进行了对比,分析可知,操作运行费用2种工艺相当,而建设费用HPF正压脱硫工艺具有优势,因此,正压脱硫在焦化行业中应用广泛。     

Dietary Assessment and Self-monitoring With Nutrition Applications for Mobile Devices

Nutrition applications for mobile devices (e.g., personal digital assistants, smartphones) are becoming increasingly accessible and can assist with the difficult task of intake recording for dietary assessment and self-monitoring. This review is a compilation and discussion of research on this tool for dietary intake documentation in healthy populations and those trying to lose weight. The purpose is to compare this tool with conventional methods (e.g., 24-hour recall interviews, paper-based food records). Research databases were searched from January 2000 to April 2011, with the following criteria: healthy or weight loss populations, use of a mobile device nutrition application, and inclusion of at least one of three measures, which were the ability to capture dietary intake in comparison with conventional methods, dietary self-monitoring adherence, and changes in anthropometrics and/or dietary intake. Eighteen studies are discussed. Two application categories were identified: those with which users select food and portion size from databases and those with which users photograph their food. Overall, positive feedback was reported with applications. Both application types had moderate to good correlations for assessing energy and nutrient intakes in comparison with conventional methods. For self-monitoring, applications versus conventional techniques (often paper records) frequently resulted in better self-monitoring adherence, and changes in dietary intake and/or anthropometrics. Nutrition applications for mobile devices have an exciting potential for use in dietetic practice.     

Vector Image Segmentation by Piecewise Continuous Approximation

In this article we present an approach to the segmentation problem by a piecewise approximation of the given image with continuous functions. Unlike the common approach of Mumford and Shah in our formulation of the problem the number of segments is a parameter, which can be estimated. The problem can be stated as: Compute the optimal segmentation with a fixed number of segments, then reduce the number of segments until the segmentation result fulfills a given suitability. This merging algorithm results in a multi-objective optimization, which is not only resolved by a linear combination of the contradicting error functions. To constrain the problem we use a finite dimensional vector space of functions in our approximation and we restrict the shape of the segments. Our approach results in a multi-objective optimization: On the one hand the number of segments is to be minimized, on the other hand the approximation error should also be kept minimal. The approach is sound theoretically and practically: We show that for L ²-images a Pareto-optimal solution exists and can be computed for the discretization of the image efficiently.     

Silicon and aluminium interactions in haemodialysis patients

BACKGROUND: Aluminium toxicity in dialysis patients is well described. Aluminium has a close chemical affinity with silicon. Silicon may have a role in protection against aluminium toxicity. METHODS: We measured serum aluminium and silicon levels from haemodialysis patients from four different centres. RESULTS: Though no relationship was seen across all centres combined, in one centre there was a reciprocal relationship in patients on home haemodialysis (who did not require reverse osmosis). Median (range) aluminium levels were higher, 2.2 (0.4-9.6) micromol/l when serum silicon was less than 150 micromol/l, and lower, 1.1 (0.2-2.8) micromol/l when serum silicon levels were greater than 150 micromol/l (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In patients treated by haemodialysis without reverse osmosis high serum silicon concentrations were associated with lower serum aluminium concentrations than those with low serum silicon. Further work needs to confirm a preventative role for silicon in the accumulation and subsequent toxicity of aluminium in dialysis patients.