层次分析法在电力负荷组合预测中的应用

应用组合预测理论,引入层次分析法(AHP)建立了电力负荷组合预测的结构模型,利用AHP的1～9标度,计算相应权重,对电网负荷进行预测,从而获得电力负荷预测的满意解及推荐值.     

大定源瞬变电磁法在探测煤矿采空区富水性中的研究

大定源瞬变电磁法目前已成为许多矿区水文地质勘查的首选方法.而煤矿老窑采空区出水已成为矿井突水的显著特点之一,因此,本文使用大定源瞬变电磁法对采空区的富水性进行了研究.作者基于电磁场的基本理论研究了大定源瞬变电磁场响应分布规律,并通过一个工程实例证明了瞬变电磁法在探测煤矿采空区富水性方面是有效的.     

Mechanics of Flexible Needles Robotically Steered through Soft Tissue

The tip asymmetry of a bevel-tip needle results in the needle naturally bending when it is inserted into soft tissue. This enables robotic needle steering, which can be used in medical procedures to reach subsurface targets inaccessible by straight-line trajectories. However, accurate path planning and control of needle steering requires models of needle-tissue interaction. Previous kinematic models required empirical observations of each needle and tissue combination in order to fit model parameters. This study describes a mechanics-based model of robotic needle steering, which can be used to predict needle behavior and optimize system design based on fundamental mechanical and geometrical properties of the needle and tissue. We first present an analytical model for the loads developed at the tip, based on the geometry of the bevel edge and material properties of soft-tissue simulants (gels). We then present a mechanics-based model that calculates the deflection of a bevel-tipped needle inserted through a soft elastic medium. The model design is guided by microscopic observations of needle-gel interactions. The energy-based formulation incorporates tissue-specific parameters, and the geometry and material properties of the needle. Simulation results follow similar trends (deflection and radius of curvature) to those observed in experimental studies of robotic needle insertion.     

基于不确定网络的关键蛋白质识别

生物学中,关键蛋白质及致病基因主要是通过生物医学实验来识别,然而这些方法的代价相当高,效率非常低,并且适用的物种有限。高通量蛋白质组技术的发展提供了大量的蛋白质相互作用数据,这使得通过计算机方法预测关键蛋白质成为可能。大部分方法对蛋白质相互作用网络中的噪声很敏感。考虑蛋白质相互作用网络的不可靠,构建不确定相互作用网络,提出一种名为EPU的关键蛋白质识别算法。算法采用期望稠密度作为评判一个子图能否预测为关键模块的准则,预测的模块将用于关键蛋白质识别;通过蛋白质在关键模块中出现的概率频率对蛋白质评分,分值越高,成为关键蛋白质的可能性越大。实验结果显示,EPU算法性能优于其他的关键蛋白质识别算法,是一种有别于现有方法的新型关键蛋白质识别算法。结果表明,不确定性数据管理理论有助于提高算法对蛋白质相互作用网络中噪声的鲁棒性。     

姜黄素对镉引导的小鼠肝脏损伤的保护作用

探讨姜黄素对镉染毒小鼠急性肝脏损伤的保护作用及其可能机制.构建镉致小鼠肝脏损伤模型,同时给予姜黄素保护,通过测定抗氧化酶超氧化歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT);氧化损伤指标蛋白羰基化(PCO)、一氧化氮(NO)含量,以及肝脏内微量元素Cd2+、Zn2+和Cu2+的含量,研究镉对肝脏的损伤程度以及姜黄素的保护效果.姜黄素降低肝脏内NO、PCO的含量,缓解SOD、CAT活性降低(p<0.05),减少Zn2+、Cu2+流失.姜黄素通过拮抗镉染毒所致的氧化应激反应,对肝脏的损伤起到保护作用.     

面向驾驶员的个性化健康导航

为了减少因驾驶员的生理和心理健康状况变化引发的交通事故,实现对驾驶员健康状态的自动监测和实时优化,提出以控制论的基本理论为基础的驾驶员健康状态闭环反馈系统框架.首先基于驾驶员日志建立个性化健康模型;然后结合各种传感器实时采集的驾驶员、车辆和道路环境等多模态数据,对驾驶员当前健康状态进行估计;最后针对预设健康目标,为驾驶员提供可执行的行为建议,实现对驾驶员健康状态的导航优化.在最关键的实时监测环节,提出基于注意力的卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network, CNN)-长短期记忆网络(long short term memory, LSTM)的多模态融合模型,实现对驾驶员压力、情绪和疲劳3个方面的健康状态估计.在私有数据集和公开数据集上分别开展的实验验证均获得高于90%的检测准确率.实验结果表明,提出的模型和方法可以实时准确监测驾驶员的压力、情绪和疲劳状态,为实现驾驶员的个性化健康导航系统提供有力支撑.     

Enhancement of photovoltaic properties in supramolecular polymer networks featuring a solar cell main-chain polymer H-bonded with conjugated cross-linkers

Stille polymerization was employed to synthesize a low-band-gap (LBG) conjugated main-chain polymer PBTH consisting of bithiazole, dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrroles (DTP), and pendent melamine derivatives. Novel supramolecular polymer networks PBTH/C and PBTH/F were developed by mixing proper molar amounts of polymer PBTH (containing melamine pendants) to be hydrogen-bonded (H-bonded) with complementary uracil-based conjugated cross-linkers C and F (i.e., containing two symmetrical uracil moieties connected with carbazole and fluorene units through triple bonds). The formation of multiple H-bonds between polymer PBTH and cross-linkers C or F was confirmed by FT-IR measurements. In contrast to polymer PBTH, the supramolecular design with multiple H-bonds can enhance the photovoltaic properties of polymer solar cell (PSC) devices containing H-bonded polymer networks PBTH/C and PBTH/F by tuning their light harvesting capabilities, HOMO energy levels, and crystallinities. Initially, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) values of PSC devices containing supramolecular polymer networks PBTH/C and PBTH/F as electron donors and [6,6]-phenyl-C₇₁-butyric acid methyl ester (PC₇₀BM) as an electron acceptor (polymer:PC₇₀BM = 1:1 w/w) are found to be 0.97 and 0.68%, respectively, in contrast to 0.52% for polymer PBTH. The highest PCE value of 1.56% with a short-circuit current densities (J_sc) value of 7.16 mA/cm², a open circuit voltages (V_oc) value of 0.60 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.36 was further optimized in the PSC device containing a supramolecular polymer network PBTH/C as polymer:PC₇₀BM = 1:2 w/w. These results indicate that supramolecular design is an effective route towards better photovoltaic properties of V_oc, J_sc, and PCE values in polymer solar cells.     

增稠剂的辐射聚合制备及其性能研究

用60Coγ射线引发丙烯酸铵等单体反相乳液聚合制备涂料印花合成增稠剂,确定了以聚丙烯酸作为反相乳液的体系的稳定剂,考察了剂量率,剂量对增稠剂增稠能力的影响,并将合成增稠剂A与Alcoprint PTF进行了性能试验对比,试验表明合成增稠剂A基本Alcoprint PTF水平。     

二甲醚生产技术进展及其市场情况分析

综述了二甲醚的生产技术进展、应用 ,并对二甲醚的市场情况进行了浅析。比较了二甲醚生产方法的优缺点 ,合成气一步法制备二甲醚是一种比较有前途的方法     

Biocatalytic synthesis of some chiral drug intermediates by oxidoreductases

Chiral intermediates were prepared by biocatalytic processes with oxidoreductases for the chemical synthesis of some pharmaceutical drug candidates. These include: (i) the microbial reduction of 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[4-(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinyl]-1-butanone (1) to R-(+)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[4-(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinyl]-1-butanol (2) [R-(+)-BMY 14802], an antipsychotic agent; (ii) the reduction of N-4-(1-oxo-2-chloroacetyl ethyl) phenyl methane sulfonamide (3) to the corresponding chiral alcohol (4), an intermediate for d-(+)-N-4-{1-hydroxy-2-[(-methylethyl)amino]ethyl}phenyl methanesulfonamide [d-(+) sotalol], a β-blocker with class III antiarrhythmic properties; (iii) biotransformation of Nɛ-carbobenzoxy (CBZ)-l-lysine (7) to Nɛ-CBZ-l-oxylysine (5), an intermediate needed for synthesis of (S)-1-[6-amino-2-{[hydroxy(4-phenylbutyl)phosphinyl]oxy}1-oxohexyl]-l-proline (ceronapril), a new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (6) and (iv) enzymatic synthesis of l-β-hydroxyvaline (9) from α-keto-β-hydroxyisovalerate (16). l-β-Hydroxyvaline (9) is a key chiral intermediate needed for the synthesis of S-(Z)-{[1-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-{[2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-1-(sulfooxy)-3-azetidinyl] amino}-2-oxoethylidene]amino}oxyacetic acid (tigemonam) (10), an orally active monobactam.