Thermoelectric properties of the n-type 85% Bi2 Te3-15% Bi2 Se3 alloys doped with Sbl3 and CuBr

The temperature dependence of the Hall mobility, Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity, and figure-of-merit of the SbI3 and CuBr-doped 85% Bi2Te3-15% Bi2Se3 single crystals have been characterized at temperatures ranging from 77 K to 600 K. The scattering parameter in 85% Bi2Te3-15% Bi2Se3 single crystal was determined as 0.1 from the temperature dependence of the carrier mobility. With increasing the amount of Sbl3 or CuBr doping, the Seebeck coefficient of 85% Bi2Te3-15% Bi2Se3 decreased and the temperature at which the Seebeck coefficient shows a maximum shifted to higher temperature. Compared to the Sbl3-doped specimens, the CuBr-doped single crystals exhibited higher (m* / m0)3/2 c, implying that CuBr is a more effective dopant to improve the material factor and thus the figure-of-merit of 85% Bi2Te3-15% Bi2Se3. The maximum figure-of-merit of 2.0 × 10–3/K and 2.2 × 10–3/K was obtained for 0.1 wt % Sbl3-doped specimen and 0.03 wt % CuBr-doped specimen, respectively.     

Ni-20Cr合金的高温氯化

研究了Ｎｉ－２０Ｃｒ合金在ＨＣｌ＋Ｈ２气氛中１０２３Ｋ和１２２３Ｋ下的高温氯化腐蚀行为。热力学计算表明,Ｎｉ－２０Ｃｒ合金氯化的相平衡图中存在两个不同的区域,在较低ＰＨＣｌ／ＰＨ２和较高温度区,主要的氯化产物是气相ＣｒＣｌ２（ｇ）;在较高ＰＨＣｌ／ＰＨ２和较低温度区,将形成凝聚相ＣｒＣｌ２（ｃ）。热重测定发现,在ＣｒＣｌ２（ｇ）稳定区合金的氯化动力学表现为速率随时间变化的质量损失行为,由气相扩散引起的线性过程和固相扩散引起的抛物线过程串联控制;在ＣｒＣｌ２（ｃ）稳定区,其氯化动力学表现为质量增加。氯化后样品表面形貌证实了热力学分析与动力学测定结果。     

Electrodeposition behavior and characteristics of Ni-carbon nanotube composite coatings

Ni-CNT (carbon nanotube) composite coatings were processed by electrodeposition and their hardness and corrosion characteristics were investigated with variations of CNT concentration in an electrolyte solution and electrodeposition current density. With increasing the CNT concentration in the electrodeposition bath and the current density, more CNTs are incorporated into Ni matrix. Hardness values of the Ni-CNT coatings are irrelevant to the CNT concentration in the solution, the current density, and current mode, implying poor adhesion of CNTs to Ni matrix. With increasing the CNT content in the coating, the corrosion resistance of the Ni-CNT composite coating becomes inferior due to the porous microstructure.     

Timing of postprandial dyspeptic symptoms and transpyloric passage of gastric contents

BACKGROUND: Patients with functional dyspepsia often experience early satiety and discomfort after a meal. The role of early gastric emptying in symptom generation is not known. Our aim was to relate timing of symptoms and early postprandial emptying in functional dyspepsia. METHODS: Twelve patients with functional dyspepsia were investigated during 3 min of fasting, during 3 min of ingesting 500 ml of a meat soup, and during the first 10 min postprandially by means of duplex sonography. RESULTS: Gastric emptying commenced on average 52 sec after the start of ingestion. Transpyloric movements of gastric contents unrelated to peristalsis (that is, alternating transpyloric emptying and reflux within a common chamber created by the terminal antrum, the pylorus, and the duodenal bulb) appeared before peristaltic-related emptying, which commenced after on average 116 sec. In all patients epigastric, meal-related discomfort was experienced after the commencement of transpyloric emptying, on average after 143 sec. A negative correlation was found between intensity of fullness and duration of presymptomatic transpyloric movements of gastric contents (that is, the duodenal 'tasting' period). CONCLUSIONS: The early occurrence of meal-related symptoms suggests that gastric distension is the main factor in symptom generation. However, the onset of symptoms after the commencement of gastric emptying suggests that intestinal tasting receptors are involved in symptom generation. The inverse relationship between the duration of the tasting period and symptom intensity suggests that the time allowed for duodenal tasting might be too short in patients with FD.     

Diagnosis of Trypanosoma evansi in Saudi Arabian camels (Camelus dromedarius) by the passive haemagglutination test and Ag-ELISA

The passive haemagglutination test and Ag-ELISA were employed to monitor antibody titres and antigenaemia levels in 4 Najdi camels experimentally infected with Trypanosoma evansi. The two tests were also used to determine the prevalence of trypanosomiasis in a total of 218 Najdi camels in the Gassim region, Central Saudi Arabia, during the period from October 1992 to September 1993. Trypanosoma evansi antibodies in the experimentally infected camels rose after 14-21 days and reached a maximum of between 1:64 and 1:128 by the 12th week post infection. Circulating antigens were detected in the experimentally infected camels one week post infection and antigenaemia levels fluctuated but generally remained above preinfection OD values. The results obtained from the field survey showed that 5.5% of the sampled camels were parasitologically positive for trypanosomes, while 19.7% were serologically positive by the passive haemagglutination test and 13.8% by Ag-ELISA. No significant age difference in seropositivity was observed in the tested camels.     

Thermometry of the surface of human skin. A study on a model using thermocouples, thermistors, thermovision and thermodyes

The temperature of the surface of a model of human skin is measured using a recently developed probe to house a thermocouple or thermistor. The results are compared with thermovision and thermodye measurements. The effect on skin temperature of hot and cold vessels at various depths is investigated.