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101.
102.
Silicon - The influence of the Si substitution ratio on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films was examined. The Cu2Zn(SixSn1–x)S4 thin films... 相似文献
103.
Kentaro Kukita Indra Nur Adisusilo Yoshinari Kamakura 《Journal of Computational Electronics》2014,13(1):264-270
Heat conduction properties in Si nanostructures are analyzed using a Monte Carlo method developed for solving the phonon Boltzmann transport equation. The thermal resistances are evaluated for the systems with various sizes, and the transition from the diffusive to the ballistic heat conduction are investigated. We compare the two different phonon dispersion models (the realistic dispersion relation based on the adiabatic bond charge model and the analytically approximated model), and it is shown that the correct implementation of the phonon dispersion relation is essential to accurately simulate the quasi-ballistic heat conduction properties, which becomes obvious in the structures smaller than the phonon mean free path. 相似文献
104.
Maryse Demuynck Jean-Pierre Erauw Omer Van der Biest Francis Delannay Francis Cambier 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2012,32(9):1957-1964
In this study, the densification of alumina by spark plasma sintering (SPS) was investigated and compared to conventional hot pressing. It was shown that SPS is very effective in the sintering of alumina leading to higher densities and allows to work at lower temperatures and with shorter sintering cycles. The effect of the heating rate is dependent on the heating mode (SPS or HP). The identification of active sintering mechanisms was attempted by an isothermal and an anisothermal methods, showing that other mechanisms probably related to electrical effects enhance the densification. We suggest the higher contribution of surface diffusion mainly during the initial stage of sintering and an influence of the presence of impurities segregated at the grain boundaries. They could create conductive layers and also introduce ions with a lower valence than Al3+; defects are created in the surface layers and the diffusion of the species is increased. 相似文献
105.
An optimization procedure has been developed for branching storm and sanitary sewer systems with a pre-determined layout for determining the minimum total cost. The model was developed within Microsoft Excel using simulated annealing as the optimization procedure. The total cost of the storm sewer system that was obtained with this optimal design procedure was compared to the total cost of the system as obtained from the conventional straight slope design procedure. Applying the simulated annealing optimizer to the design of the branching storm sewer network resulted in a cost savings of over $77,100 or about 7 % (a reduction from $1,117,700 to $1,040,600). These significant savings were realized by simply going an extra step and implementing an optimization technique during the design phase. Use of Excel should enhance the availability and the usage of such an optimization model for the design of storm and sanitary sewer systems by consulting engineers and various agencies. 相似文献
106.
Oncu Akyildiz Ersin Emre Oren Tarik Omer Ogurtani 《Journal of Materials Science》2011,46(18):6054-6064
A systematic study based on the self-consistent dynamical simulations is presented for the grain boundary thermal grooving
problem by strictly following the irreversible thermodynamic theory of surfaces and interfaces with singularities [T. O. Ogurtani,
J. Chem. Phys. 124, 144706 (2006)]. This approach furnishes us to have auto-control on the otherwise free-motion of the grain
boundary triple junction without presuming any equilibrium dihedral (wetting) angles at the edges. The effects of physicochemical
properties and the anisotropic surface diffusivity on the transient grooving behavior, which takes place at the early stage
of the scenario, were considered. We analyzed the experimental thermal grooving data reported for tungsten in the literature,
and compared them with the carried simulation results. This investigation showed that the observed changes in the dihedral
angles are strictly connected to the transient behavior of the simulated global system, and manifest themselves at the early
stage of the thermal grooving phenomenon. 相似文献
107.
Hidayah Rahmalan Nur Azman Abu Siaw Lang Wong 《Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis》2010,20(4):505-512
Orthogonal moment is known as better moment functions compared to the non-orthogonal moment. Among all the orthogonal moments,
Tchebichef Moment appear to be the most recent moment functions that still attract the interest among the computer vision
researchers. This paper proposes a novel approach based on discrete orthogonal Tchebichef Moment for an efficient image compression.
The image compression is useful in many applications especially related to images that are needed to be seen in small devices
such as in mobile phone. Meanwhile, the method incorporates simplified mathematical framework techniques using matrices, as
well as a block-wise reconstruction technique to eliminate possible occurrences of numerical instabilities at higher moment
orders. In addition, a comparison between Tchebichef Moment compression and JPEG compression is conducted. The result shows
significant advantages for Tchebichef Moment in terms of its image quality and compression rate. Tchebichef moment provides
a more compact support to the image via sub-block reconstruction for compression. Tchebichef Moment Compression is able to
perform potentially better for a broader domain on real digital images and graphically generated images. 相似文献
108.
Li Zhang Jef Vleugels Omer Van der Biest 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2010,30(5):1195-1202
(0 0 1)-Textured α-alumina has been processed by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) and templated grain growth. The mechanism of platelet template orientation during EPD was examined with respect to the impact of the electric field force, gravity and hydrodynamic force in two different deposition cells with vertically or horizontally positioned deposition electrodes. A sharp (0 0 1) ‘fibre texture’ was obtained after templated grain growth during sintering of a deposit formed from a stirred 5 vol% platelet containing suspension in a vertical deposition cell. The texture was characterized by means of the Lotgering factor, texture index and electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD). 相似文献
109.
This paper presents a set of regression models which incorporates concrete and steel types in modeling the costs of office buildings. To these ends, three typical office buildings with seven and 15 stories have been designed by the help of a commercial software taking into account the Turkish practice. In each project C-16, C-20, C-25, C-30 and C-35 concrete classes and S-220 and S-420 steel types were used for dimensioning purposes. Rough construction costs were then calculated for different combinations of concrete classes and steel types. The findings of the study revealed that column dimensions decrease following an increase in a particular concrete class. However, this decrease stops after C-30. Furthermore, an average cost difference of 16% was observed between the steel types S-220 and S-420. 相似文献
110.
Collections of batteries are used to supply energy to a variety of applications. By utilizing the energy in such a collection efficiently, we can improve the lifetime over which energy can be supplied to the application. We say that the discharge of a collection of batteries is coordinated when, at the end of discharge, the difference in the remaining capacity of individual batteries is small. This paper presents a decision-maker based on a goal-seeking formulation that coordinates the discharge of a collection of batteries. This formulation allows us to use a simple battery model and simple decision-making algorithms. We present results from MATLAB simulations that demonstrate the performance of the decision-maker when energy is drawn out of the collection in three different discharge scenarios. The new decision-maker consistently improves the discharge efficiency obtained using scheduling methods. Our results show that when the discharge is coordinated, the lifetime of the collection is extended. 相似文献