LIPID CONTENT AND FATTY ACID COMPOSITION IN THE GREEN-LIPPED MUSSEL PERNA VIRIDIS (L.)

The lipid content and fatty acid profile in soft tissue of the green-lipped mussel Perna viridis, a widely distributed tropical and subtropical bivalve species, were investigated. The total and neutral lipid contents were 6.17 ± 0.71 and 2.71 ± 0.42 mg per 100 mg dw, respectively. The content of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) was 24.38 ± 2.50 mg/g dw whereas eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3) was present at 12.29 ± 2.12 mg/g dw. These two fatty acids were also at the top high percentage among all the fatty acids, with 38.06 ± 0.86% and 17.89 ± 1.24% (w/w) in total lipids and 34.64 ± 2.74% and 20.33 ± 1.05% (w/w) in neutral lipids, respectively. Therefore, green-lipped mussel is a rich source of DHA and EPA, the two n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids that are beneficial to human health and nutrition.     

低碳城市规划建设:成本效益分析

城市是我国二氧化碳排放源头集中区域,城市规划建设是实现控制碳排放的关键政策领域。控制城市化过程中的碳排放,需要采取低碳城市发展模式。在当前我国各地政府都要建设低碳城市之际,对低碳城市规划和建设进行成本效益分析十分必要。城市政策手段必然有其成本,而政策手段带来的效益也需要有科学客观的分析,才能在制定政策及建设项目时提高社会整体资源效率,达到优化社会经济资源的目的。本文提出有必要建立一套低碳城市成本效益理论和方法,评估低碳城市规划建设政策和投资决定。     

一种基于相位相关电流差动的站域后备保护算法

传统站域电流差动后备保护,存在当比率系数单调变化时,区内区外故障的灵敏性呈现相斥变化的缺点;以及在区外故障CT饱和情况下保护误动的弊端。为了克服上述缺点,提出了相位相关电流差动的站域后备保护算法。理论分析表明其随着比率系数的单调增加,在区内与区外故障灵敏性都增加;而随着接地电阻的增大,其相较传统差动灵敏性提高;同时其还能克服传统站域电流差动在区外故障CT饱和情况下保护误动的缺点。最后利用PSCAD软件搭建了站域模型,仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性。     

Planning and Construction of Low Carbon Cities:The Relevance of Cost-Benefit Analysis

Cities are the major source of carbon dioxide emissions in China,and are the critical locations where emissions should be effectively managed.Adopting a low carbon urban development model is the pathway towards reducing the emissions.A low carbon city development model means achieving efficient and effective urban growth through low energy consumption and low emissions.While many local authorities in China have started to express the intention to construct low carbon cities,it is important to emphasize the need to apply a Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) to low carbon urban policies and development projects.Since all policies and projects will have their costs and benefits to the society,the effects of the policies and projects on reducing emissions should be measured and assessed objectively.Through the setting up of an analysis framework to assess the costs and benefits,one can provide a scientific basis for decision making,and enhance the overall efficiency in the use of resources for the society as a whole.     

温室气体清单在城乡规划建设管理中的应用

城市温室气体清单是重要的,可以提供具体制定应对气候变化问题政策的客观科学基础。本文阐述城市编制温室气体排放清单的重要性,回顾目前在地方区域的温室气体排放清单研究工作,讨论它们对地方政府制定应对气候变化政策的应用局限。再指出可以按城乡规划管理体系为平台,把国家温室气体排放清单框架进一步深化,建立一个按低碳城市发展政策手段和治理职能匹配的清单框架,并考虑到空间边界对排放量计算的问题。城乡规划管理作为协调城市地域内经济、社会活动和土地、资源使用、基建等元素的法定平台,需要按规划编制温室气体排放情景,加强城乡规划应对气候变化政策效用和操作性。最后建议在此理念和初步研究成果上,进一步开展未来的工作。