Initial period of operation of the channel dam of the kureika hydroelectric station

Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 10, pp. 18–22, October, 1989.     

Standard hydraulic drive for adjusting the impeller blades of axial and mixed-flow pumps

Translated from Khimicheskoe i Neftyanoe Mashinostroenie, No. 6, pp. 20–22, June, 1989.     

Influence of Electrospark Machining on Surface Performance

Russian Engineering Research - The influence of the conditions of electrospark machining on the structural changes and roughness of the machined surfaces and hence on their wear resistance is...     

Floating power-generating unit with a KLT-40S reactor system for desalinating sea water

It is concluded on the basis of predictions of the growth in demand for fresh water that nuclear desalination has promise. The world status of and experience in nuclear desalination are reviewed. The requirements for using nuclear-powered desalination complexes are examined. Substantiation is given for the desirability and practicability of building such complexes in floating units based on the type of reactors used in ships. The basic design characteristics of a floating complex with a KLT-40S nuclear power system are presented. __________ Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 102, No. 1, pp. 31–35, January, 2007.     

Long-Chain and Medium-Chain Fatty Acids in Energy Metabolism of Murine Kidney Mitochondria

Scientists have long established that fatty acids are the primary substrates for kidney mitochondria. However, to date we still do not know how long-chain and middle-chain fatty acids are oxidized at the mitochondrial level. Our previous research has shown that mitochondria from the heart, brain, and kidney oxidize palmitoylcarnitine at a high rate only in the presence of succinate, glutamate, or pyruvate. In this paper, we report properties of the isolated kidney mitochondria and how malate and succinate affect the oxidation of C16 and C8 acylcarnitines. The isolated kidney mitochondria contain very few endogenous substrates and require malate to oxidize pyruvate, glutamate, and C16 or C8 acylcarnitines. We discovered that with 10 µM of C16 or C8 acylcarnitines, low concentrations of malate (0.2 mM) or succinate (0.5 mM) enhance the States 4 and 3 respiratory rates several times. The highest respiration rates were observed with C16 or C8 acylcarnitines and 5 mM succinate mixtures. Results show that kidney mitochondria, unlike the heart and brain mitochondria, lack the intrinsic inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase. Additionally, results show that the oxidation of fatty acid by the small respirasome’s supercomplex generates a high level of CoQH2, and this makes SDH in the presence of succinate reverse the flow of electrons from CoQH2 to reduce fumarate to succinate. Finally, we report evidence that succinate dehydrogenase is a key mitochondrial enzyme that allows fast oxidation of fatty acids and turns the TCA cycle function from the catabolic to the anabolic and anaplerotic metabolic pathways.     

A light-scattering spectrometer for medical diagnostic tasks

Whether a high-resolving light scattering spectrometer may be used in medical practice is discussed in the paper. The results of the experiments on blood components and microorganisms are discussed.