New insight into the formation and oxygen barrier mechanism of carbonaceous oxide interlayer in a multicomponent carbide

Early transition metal carbides are considered to be superior candidate materials for oxidizing environments at temperatures exceeding 2000°C. Generally, the remarkable oxidation resistance is largely attributed to a carbonaceous oxide interlayer (eg, Hf–O–C, Zr–O–C, and Ta–O–C), located at the interface between the external oxide layer and internal carbide (eg, HfC, ZrC, and TaC), acting as the primary oxygen barrier. However, the oxygen barrier mechanism of the carbonaceous oxide interlayer remains unclear. Herein, through studying the oxidation behavior of a novel multicomponent carbide Hf_0.5Zr_0.3Ti_0.2C in oxidizing environments up to 2500°C, the oxygen barrier mechanism of the carbonaceous oxide was recently revealed. We found that the oxygen barrier resulted from the slow oxygen diffusion through the inner grains of Hf-Zr–Ti–O due to the presence of carbon formed at the grain boundaries because of the existence of compact external oxide layer, beneath which the Hf–Zr–Ti–O–C interlayer possesses much lower oxygen activity and temperature that allow carbon to exist stably. This as-formed carbon strongly retarded the fast diffusion of oxygen along the grain boundaries of oxides. Additionally, desirable synergisms of the designed multicomponent system, particularly, the outward short-circuit diffusion of Ti, lead to the self-healing of the external oxide layer, evidently enhancing integral protection performance against oxidizing environments.     

Strengthen flame retardancy of epoxy thermoset by montmorillonite particles adhering phosphorus-containing fragments

Phosphaphenanthrene derivative tri-(3-DOPO-2-hydroxypropan-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione (TGD) and organo-modified montmorillonite (OMMT) were jointly introduced into the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A cured by 4,4-diamino-diphenylmethane (EP) to investigate their flame retardant behaviors. With only addition of 0.5%OMMT and 2.5%TGD, epoxy thermoset achieved a limiting oxygen index value of 33.7% and passed UL 94 V-0 rating test. Compared with the combustion behaviors of 3%OMMT/EP and 3%TGD/EP, an obvious synergistic flame retardant effect between OMMT and TGD can be concluded in OMMT/TGD/EP. Meanwhile, the FTIR spectra of gas-phase and condensed-phase products further proved this synergistic effect working in a physical way. On one hand, the co-existence of hydroxyl-containing TGD enabled montmorillonite (MMT) particles to filtrate and adhere more smoke fragments. On the other hand, the co-action of MMT help the polar phosphorus-containing fragments from TGD better strengthened char layer, enhancing the barrier and protective effect of residue. The synergistic flame retardant effect from OMMT/TGD system endowed themselves with higher flame retardant efficiency, and epoxy thermoset with better flame retardant performance. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 47500.     

旋转空化器中减速板作用的数值仿真研究

旋转空化器是通过在水中高速转动的叶片产生可控超空泡的装置,以此来实现超空泡的利用.前人对于超空泡的研究表明,产生超空泡所需的转速比较大.本文将减速板加入到旋转空化器中,并采用数值仿真的方法,对减速板的工作特性进行分析.研究结果表明,带减速板的旋转空化器产生超空泡的转速得到很明显的降低,产生超空泡的尺寸也明显增大.而减速...     

边坡防护用椰壳纤维复合植物纤维毯的制备及性能表征

为研究不同椰壳纤维质量分数下植物纤维毯的储水性能及移植后植物的生长情况,制备了3种不同椰壳纤维质量分数的储水层,将其与非织造表层和复合种子层复合,开发出一种新型植物纤维毯.测试了植物纤维毯的储水能力与植物生长情况,以及生物质结皮对其性能的影响.试验结果表明,植物纤维毯的储水能力及植物生长情况随着储水层中椰壳纤维质量分数...     

OTN的线型保护机制研究

介绍了光传输网(OTN)线型保护的体系结构及匹配要求、常用命令,详细分析了OTN线型保护的APS协议,并举例分析了APS协议的传输过程.     

Delayed fluorescence spectroscopy and mechanism of the 730 nm component of chloroplast

Charge recombination in reaction center (RC) of photosystem II(PS II) is regarded as the location of 685 nm delayed fluorescence (DF). The mechanism of 730 nm component appearing in the DF spectrum for chloroplast was studied by various spectral analysis methods. Experimental results of the DF spectrum at different chloroplast concentration show that the intensity of peaks at 685nm and 730 nm ascends with the chloroplast concentration increasing when the concentration is relatively low. When the concentration increases to the level of 7.8μg/ml, a maximum intensity of the peak at 685 nm appears but the intensity of 730 nm peak still increases. The peak at 730 nm finally reaches a maximum intensity at the chloroplast concentration of 31.2 μg/ml while the intensity of the 685 nm peak has apparently fallen down. The results of absorption spectrum show that the ratios of A685 to A730 keep almost constant with the increasing of chloroplast concentration. Furthermore, the excitation spectrum for 730 nm fluorescence shows that the 685nm light has high excitation efficiency. These results indicate that the 730 nm component of DF spectrum is the fluorescence of chlorophyll in PS I RC excited by 685 nm DF. Meanwhile, this can be further verified by the invariability of DF spectrum at different delay time (1 second∼9 seconds). This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60378043), and supported by the Opening Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Technology and Intelligent Control (Lanzhou Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education (K04108)     

埕海油田馆陶组水平井随钻曲线物性反演研究

大港滩海地区埕海油田馆陶组为底水稠油油藏,采用水平井开发,其测井系列全部为随钻测井,电测曲线仅有自然伽马和电阻率,缺乏物性曲线,影响了油藏描述工作中剩余油分布预测,导致后期调整开发方向不明确、产能建设实施风险大,严重制约了馆陶组的高效开发.针对上述难题,开展了随钻条件下测井曲线物性反演研究,首先采用直方图平移法,以顶部...     

Plate-like carbon-supported Fe_3C nanoparticles with superior electrochemical performance

Iron-based anodes for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) with higher theoretical capacity,natural abundance and cheapness have received considerable attention,but they still suffer from the fast capacity fading.To address this issue,we report a facile synthesis of plate-like carbonsupported Fe3 C nanoparticles through chemical blowing/carbonization under calcination.The ultrafine Fe3 C nanoparticles are prone to be oxidized when exposing in air;thus,Fe3 C/C with mild oxidization and the fully oxidized product of Fe_2 O_3/C are successfully prepared by controlling the oxidization condition.When applied as an anode material in LIB,the Fe3 C/C electrode demonstrates excellent cycle stability(826 mAh·g~(-1) after 120 cycles under 500 mA·g~(-1)) and rate performance(410.6 mAh·g~(-1)under 2 A·g~(-1)),compared with the Fe_2 O_3/C counterpart.The enhanced electrochemical performance can be ascribed to the synergetic effect of the Fe3 C with mild oxidation and the unique hierarchical structure of plate-like carbon decorated with Fe_3 C catalyst.More importantly,this work may offer new approaches to synthesize other transition metal(e.g.,Co,Ni)-based anode material by replacing the precursor ingredient.     

主题追踪系统的研究与实现

主题追踪系统是Web挖掘的重要研究方向,它是指在给定的主题下,根据文本的内容自动判别文本归属主题的过程,该文对主题追踪系统中所涉及的关键技术,包括训练算法、追踪算法和阈值确定方法,进行了研究和探讨,并且提出了主题追踪系统的结构,给出了评估实验结果。     

一种基于窗口的快速聚类算法--F-CABDET

提出了一种基于窗口的快速聚类算法——F-CABDET（Fast Clustering Algorithm based on Building a DEnsity-Tree）。该算法采用基于窗口的计算方法将全局计算转化为局域计算,大幅度提高了计算效率,降低了程序的执行时间,并取得了满意的聚类质量。同时F-CABDET仅需要一个输入参数,在聚类过程中采用动态邻域半径不仅可以发现任意形状的簇,而且具有处理噪音数据的能力。实验结果表明了F-CABDET算法的有效性。