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101.
CoNiFe-based amorphous films were magnetron-sputtered to investigate their structural and magnetic properties, including annealing-induced effects and interfacial influence from additional layers of Ta and Cu. The amorphous structure was confirmed by diffraction experiments. The magnetic measurements showed a well-defined uniaxial anisotropy in plane, arising possibly from atom oblique incidence effects competing with the stray field of the magnetron. The anisotropy could be influenced by using a Ta buffer layer, though the interfacial reaction gives rise to a dead layer. A coercive force H
c of 1–2 Oe and a magnetization of 680 emu/cm3 were measured at room temperature; properties which show promise for application in magnetotunneling junction devices. Thermal analyses showed a two-stage crystallization behavior, which started at 400°C and ended at about 600°C. The Curie temperature of the amorphous phase was estimated to be about 440°C. 相似文献
102.
真空制盐蒸发结晶器的设计与实践 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
真空蒸发制盐外热式强制逆循环轴向出料蒸发结晶器,经多个厂家生产应用实践证明是成功的,具有生命力的。这种新型结构,作为一项新技术新设备应加强研究,总结提高,推广应用。不断完善。文章从流体力学、结晶机理角度要求,到具体工程设计参数和材质选用。论述了该罐的特点。 相似文献
103.
Optimal diagonal precoder for multiantenna communication systems 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
In this paper, we examine a multiantenna single-user wireless communication system fitted with a QR-based successive cancellation receiver (QR receiver). Initially, our consideration is confined to uncoded binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signals transmitted through independent and identically distributed (IID) Rayleigh fading channels and to the design of an optimum precoder for the transmitter. For minimum feeding back of the channel state information (CSI) to the transmitter from the receiver, we stipulate the precoder to be in the form of a power loading square diagonal matrix. We proceed to develop the theory for the design of this diagonal matrix based on the minimization of the lower bound of the average bit error rate (BER) of transmission. The design obtained provides substantially lower error rates than most of other existing schemes under the same environment. The corresponding gain in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be several decibels. To further improve the performance, we extend the design to include an optimal detection order of the received bits using an iterative approach. This iterative process proves to have fast convergence and results in a design providing significant SNR gain. We also propose a subchannel dropping scheme for cases in which SNR is low, and when the minimum BER precoder is equipped with this scheme, its average performance can be substantially superior to the Vertical Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time (V-BLAST) detection. We extend our design of the optimum precoder to quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulation scheme and similar performance gain has been observed. 相似文献
104.
The Jian kiln, located in present-day Jianyang county of Fujian province, mainly produced black-glazed tea bowls. Jian tea bowl was used as a utensil for tea tasting and was greatly appreciated by emperor Huizong of the Northern Song dynasty. The black glaze of Jian bowl was sometimes marked with streaks or spots, usually called “hare's fur” or “oil spot”, which are the crystalline markings of iron oxide precipitated during firing in the dragon kiln. In this study, black-glazed Jian bowl sherds excavated from the late Northern Song strata of Luhuaping and Daluhoumen Jian kiln sites were adopted as test samples. Based on the physico-chemical foundation for the formation of glaze microstructure, the correlation among composition, microstructure, and visual appearance has been investigated by means of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and field emission electron microscopy. For the first time, the study provides realizing proofs for two kinds of microstructural forming mechanics. 相似文献
105.
Alan A. Luo Robert C. Kubic John M. Tartaglia 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2003,34(11):2549-2557
This study investigated the microstructure and fatigue properties of hydroformed sections of the 5754 and 6063 aluminum alloys.
The second-phase particles in 6063-T7 are identified as a mixture of Al12Fe3Si and Al9Fe2Si2, with a slightly higher fraction of the former. The constituent particles in the 5754 alloy are Al4Mn-type hexagonal compounds, where Mn is partially substituted by various other elements, resulting in Al4(Fe,Mn,Si,Cr). The results show that despite its lower yield strength, the hydroformed 5754 alloy has higher ultimate tensile
strength, ductility, and, more importantly, higher fatigue resistance than the 6063 material. Both crystallographic stage
I and noncrystallographic stage II cracking are found in the 6063-T7 samples, but only stage II cracking is observed in the
5754 alloy. This implies that the low fatigue strength of 6063-T7 is related to its relatively large grain size, resulting
in rapid stage I crack propagation. The higher fatigue lives of the 5754 alloy compared to the 6063 alloy in both the low-
and high-cycle life regimes are due to the increased fatigue-crack-initiation and propagation resistance of the 5754 alloy
and its probable cyclic strain-hardening behavior. 相似文献
106.
IRIS/AP型电感耦合等离子体光谱仪激发光源常见故障分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文介绍IRIS/AP型ICP的激发光源(炬管),并较为全面地阐述和分析其不能正常激发点燃的常见故障及其原因。 相似文献
107.
108.
采用氨吸附-程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)、低温N2吸附(BET)、压汞法以及加氢精制活性评价等技术,探索SiO2-Al2O3载体在制备过程中孔结构和表面性质的变化。实验结果表明,采用特殊扩孔剂制备载体,当焙烧温度为700℃时,平均孔径可达到17.3nm,其中孔径大于20nm的孔占总孔体积的13.2%;同时载体表面上的中、强酸中心也全部丧失,均为弱酸中心。采用该载体制备的MoNiP/SiO2-Al2O3石蜡加氢精制催化剂,在MoO3用量减少了约1/4的情况下,比目前工业上使用的催化剂具有更高的脱金属能力和加氢精制活性。 相似文献
109.
Wei Feng Jianping Wen Xiaoqiang Jia Qing Yuan Yan Sun Cuiyun Liu 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2006,52(8):2864-2875
A coupled three-dimensional (3-D) model, combining hydrodynamics with biochemical reactions, was developed to simulate the local transient flow patterns and the dynamic behaviors of cell growth and phenol biodegradation by yeast Candida tropicalis in the bubble-column bioreactor, using the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method. In order to validate this proposed model effectively, the validation of the local hydrodynamic characteristics of the gas-mineral salt solution (gas-liquid) two-phase system, with the phenol concentration of 1200 mg/L, and with the absence of cells, was performed in a square-sectioned bubble column bioreactor using the LDA system and conductivity probe. Furthermore, the validation of phenol biodegradation behaviors by yeast Candida tropicalis at different initial concentrations of phenol and cell was also carried out in the above bubble-column bioreactor. The results indicated that the model simulations had a satisfying agreement with the experimental data. Finally, the local instantaneous flow and phenol biodegradation features including gas holdup, gas velocity, liquid velocity, cell concentration and phenol concentration inside the bioreactor were successfully predicted in different-scale bubble columns by the proposed model. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006 相似文献
110.
Calculations and detailed first principle and thermodynamic analyses have been performed to understand the formation mechanism of K2Ti6O13 nanowires (NWs) by a hydrothermal reaction between bulk Na2Ti3O7 crystals and a KOH solution. It is found that direct ion exchange between K+ and Na+ plus H+ interactions with [TiO6] octahedra in Na2Ti3O7 promote the formation of an intermediate H2K2Ti6O14 phase. The large lattice mismatch between this intermediate phase and the bulk Na2Ti3O7 structure, and the large energy reduction associated with the formation of this intermediate phase, drive the splitting of the bulk crystal into H2K2Ti6O14 NWs. However, these NWs are not stable because of large [TiO6] octahedra distortion and are subject to a dehydration process, which results in uniform K2Ti6O13 NWs with narrowly distributed diameters of around 10 nm. 相似文献