变周期结构光子晶体的带隙研究

研究了变周期结构的光子晶体,即两种介质的厚度随单元数增加而变化,并对其光子能带特性进行了分析.研究发现,相对于周期性光子晶体,相同单元数的变周期结构的光子晶体具有更宽的光子能带带隙,且周期非线性变化比线性变化结构有更宽的光子带隙,这样对于同样宽的带隙的光子晶体,可采用较少单元数的变周期结构光子晶体,这一结果有助于光子晶体的广泛应用.     

变电站供电可靠性的定量评估

在综合考虑一次电气设备故障和备用设备影响以及继电保护配置和动作正确性影响的基础上,定量研究变电站供电可靠性评估问题,并研究了设备故障对整个变电站可靠性影响的灵敏度计算问题。其中,继电保护配置及动作正确性的影响主要包括变压器开关失灵保护是否投入、母线差动保护和线路保护误动等。由于变电站故障事件的持续时间在很大程度上取决于故障隔离时间和备用设备投入时间,因此为便于研究,把备用设备分为备用隔离开关型和非隔离开关型备用设备两个层次加以考虑。研究结果已形成软件包,已用于上海220kV变电站供电可靠性评估工程中。     

Low-Temperature Annealing of Lightly Doped n-4H-SiC Layers after Irradiation with Fast Electrons

Semiconductors - The effect of low-temperature (up to 600°C) isothermal and isochronous annealing on the electrical characteristics of irradiated n-4H-SiC JBS Schottky diodes is studied....     

Improving Radio Frequency Transmission Properties of Graphene via Carrier Concentration Control toward High Frequency Transmission Line Applications

Graphene has been gradually studied as a high‐frequency transmission line material owing to high carrier mobility with frequency independence up to a few THz. However, the graphene‐based transmission lines have poor conductivity due to their low carrier concentration. Here, it is observed that the radio frequency (RF) transmission performance could be severely hampered by the defect‐induced scattering, even though the carrier concentration is increased. As a possible solution, the deposition of the amorphous carbon on the graphene is studied in the high‐frequency region up to 110 GHz. The DC resistance is reduced by as much as 60%, and the RF transmission property is also enhanced by 3 dB. Also, the amorphous carbon covered graphene shows stable performance under a harsh environment. These results prove that the carrier concentration control is an effective and a facile method to improve the transmission performance of graphene. It opens up the possibilities of using graphene as interconnects in the ultrahigh‐frequency region.     

Toward Environmentally Robust Organic Electronics: Approaches and Applications

Recent interest in flexible electronics has led to a paradigm shift in consumer electronics, and the emergent development of stretchable and wearable electronics is opening a new spectrum of ubiquitous applications for electronics. Organic electronic materials, such as π‐conjugated small molecules and polymers, are highly suitable for use in low‐cost wearable electronic devices, and their charge‐carrier mobilities have now exceeded that of amorphous silicon. However, their commercialization is minimal, mainly because of weaknesses in terms of operational stability, long‐term stability under ambient conditions, and chemical stability related to fabrication processes. Recently, however, many attempts have been made to overcome such instabilities of organic electronic materials. Here, an overview is provided of the strategies developed for environmentally robust organic electronics to overcome the detrimental effects of various critical factors such as oxygen, water, chemicals, heat, and light. Additionally, molecular design approaches to π‐conjugated small molecules and polymers that are highly stable under ambient and harsh conditions are explored; such materials will circumvent the need for encapsulation and provide a greater degree of freedom using simple solution‐based device‐fabrication techniques. Applications that are made possible through these strategies are highlighted.     

Direct Synthesis of a Self‐Assembled WSe2/MoS2 Heterostructure Array and its Optoelectrical Properties

Functional van der Waals heterojunctions of transition metal dichalcogenides are emerging as a potential candidate for the basis of next‐generation logic devices and optoelectronics. However, the complexity of synthesis processes so far has delayed the successful integration of the heterostructure device array within a large scale, which is necessary for practical applications. Here, a direct synthesis method is introduced to fabricate an array of self‐assembled WSe₂/MoS₂ heterostructures through facile solution‐based directional precipitation. By manipulating the internal convection flow (i.e., Marangoni flow) of the solution, the WSe₂ wires are selectively stacked over the MoS₂ wires at a specific angle, which enables the formation of parallel‐ and cross‐aligned heterostructures. The realized WSe₂/MoS₂‐based p–n heterojunction shows not only high rectification (ideality factor: 1.18) but also promising optoelectrical properties with a high responsivity of 5.39 A W^?1 and response speed of 16 µs. As a feasible application, a WSe₂/MoS₂‐based photodiode array (10 × 10) is demonstrated, which proves that the photosensing system can detect the position and intensity of an external light source. The solution‐based growth of hierarchical structures with various alignments could offer a method for the further development of large‐area electronic and optoelectronic applications.     

RAW Image Reconstruction Using a Self-contained sRGB–JPEG Image with Small Memory Overhead

Most camera images are saved as 8-bit standard RGB (sRGB) compressed JPEGs. Even when JPEG compression is set to its highest quality, the encoded sRGB image has been significantly processed in terms of color and tone manipulation. This makes sRGB–JPEG images undesirable for many computer vision tasks that assume a direct relationship between pixel values and incoming light. For such applications, the RAW image format is preferred, as RAW represents a minimally processed, sensor-specific RGB image that is linear with respect to scene radiance. The drawback with RAW images, however, is that they require large amounts of storage and are not well-supported by many imaging applications. To address this issue, we present a method to encode the necessary data within an sRGB–JPEG image to reconstruct a high-quality RAW image. Our approach requires no calibration of the camera’s colorimetric properties and can reconstruct the original RAW to within 0.5% error with a small memory overhead for the additional data (e.g., 128 KB). More importantly, our output is a fully self-contained 100% compliant sRGB–JPEG file that can be used as-is, not affecting any existing image workflow—the RAW image data can be extracted when needed, or ignored otherwise. We detail our approach and show its effectiveness against competing strategies.