加压流化床中差压脉动时间序列的复杂性

<正>近年来许多研究发现流化床内部的气-固运动规律是非线性的,并应用非线性动力学的理论去分析流化床的这些规律,得到许多有益的结论,显示这种新的动力理论对流态化工程的研究的重要性。分形与混沌概念为从更深层次研究流态化的内在规律提供了有力的工具。     

同廊道交直流输电线路带电作业安全防护研究

超/特高压交直流并行线路带电作业区域电压高、场强大,为保证并行线路带电作业的安全开展,需要对 带电作业人员安全防护进行研究。分析了带电作业的安全影响因素,依据线路实际尺寸建立了1∶1计算模型, 采用有限元法对同走廊四回并行线路进行了电场仿真,获得了带电作业典型位置点的电场强度,根据仿真结果 对带电作业人员电位转移放电能量进行了计算。同时建立了人体模型,计算分析了等电位作业工况下人体不同 部位的电场强度特点。计算结果表明：同电压等级独立走廊带电作业安全防护措施同样适合于四回并行线路带 电作业。提出了相应的安全防护措施,研究结果可为同走廊多回并行线路带电作业的开展提供依据和技术支撑 。     

闹德海水库库区冲淤特性的研究

本文分析了闹德海水库泥沙淤积特性以及年际年内库区冲淤的变化规律,通过实测资料列表对比分析表明,水库要想保持一个长期稳定的库容,必须加强洪水预报工作,一定要在峰前把库水放空。     

水润滑轴承螺旋密封性能的仿真分析

针对水润滑立式高速液压主轴存在的端部泄漏问题,提出了以螺旋密封为主要密封方式的密封方案.并采用有限体积法,对不同工况下螺旋密封内部流场进行了非定常紊流数值模拟.研究了螺旋密封结构几何参数及转速和间隙与密封效果之间的关系.结果表明在紊流状态下,随着转速的增大,螺旋密封有效浸油长度减小,但伴随着会出现明显的气吞现象.同时,偏心率对密封效果影响也较大.     

磁旋转编码器四倍频电路分析与集成化设计

提高位置测量的精度是提高电机定位精度的主要途径。增量式磁旋转编码器作为转角位置传感器,可以用四倍频的方法提高其测量精度。设计了针对增量式磁旋转编码器四倍频集成电路,详细分析了其工作原理,并通过电路逻辑表达式分析证明了电路逻辑结构的严密性,从原理上说明了电路的精度和稳定性。给出了该集成电路输入输出引脚的仿真时序图和封装图。     

表面重构石英砂滤料的制备及微生物附着行为

基于普通石英砂滤料表面光滑、比表面积小、微生物难以附着等缺陷,以BOE（buffered oxide etch）腐蚀液对普通石英砂滤料进行化学蚀刻处理,以改善石英砂的表面形貌,促进微生物在石英砂滤料表面附着。扫描电镜分析结果表明,经改性得到的表面重构石英砂形貌发生明显变化,整体呈沟槽形貌;因素分析试验结果表明,在腐蚀液浓度为15%（质量）、HF与NH₄F的质量比为1∶1、反应温度为55℃、反应时间为45 min的条件下,所得改性石英砂表面的沟槽较多且宽度多介于1.0～5.0 μm之间,表面生物量由改性前的9.3 nmol P·g^-1提高到改性后的15.7 nmol P·g^-1;红外光谱分析结果显示,改性石英砂表面部分Si-O转变为Si-OH,有机物特征峰的消失反映了石英砂表面有机物的进一步去除;石英砂的比表面积由改性前的0.427 m²·g^-1提高至改性后的1.475 m²·g^-1;对COD_Cr的平均去除率由改性前的41.9%提高到改性后的51.6%。因此,表面重构石英砂具有较好的微生物亲和性,更适宜微生物的附着。     

Performance comparison between enthalpy recovery wheels and dehumidification wheels

A mathematical model of desiccant wheels is established and validated by experimental results. The different effects of substrate, air mixing, and rotation speed on the performance of enthalpy recovery wheels and dehumidification wheels are analyzed. Substrate with high heat capacity and low heat conductivity is recommended for enthalpy recovery wheels, while substrate with low heat capacity and low heat conductivity is suitable for dehumidification wheels. Air mixing should be considered in evaluating recovery wheels' performance but can be ignored for dehumidification wheels. For recovery wheels without considering air mixing, higher the rotation speed, higher the recovery efficiency; when considering air mixing, the optimal rotation speed is lower than the corresponding rotation speed at a 5% air mixing rate. There also exists an optimal rotation speed to obtain better dehumidification performance for dehumidification wheels. Meanwhile, the reasons behind the discrepancies between recovery wheels and dehumidification wheels are discussed.     

线路避雷器在线监测系统的程序设计

由于线路避雷器的漏电仪、计数器等设备均安装在杆塔高处,避雷器参数抄表和检修工作难度较大。线路避雷器由于长期承受雷击过电压、工频电压,再加上恶劣环境的影响,避雷器的性能会大大降低,若不能及时清除避雷器存在的隐患,会造成严重的输电故障。设计了一种线路避雷器在线监测系统上位机的程序设计,利用现有的GSM通信技术,采用Visual Basic 6.0编程语言,能够对线路避雷器进行实时监测,接收、保存并分析数据,能根据数据情况作出报警,并将报警信息发给相关工作人员。该程序设计通过与设备的连接测试,能正常运行。     

热复合土工膜拉伸、抗渗性能的影响因素分析

非织造复合土工膜的主要性能指标为拉伸力学性能指标和抗静水压力指标 ,其影响因素复杂。从材料的拉伸破坏和水渗透破坏机理入手 ,对这些影响因素进行分析和研究 ,并对有关问题提出解决的办法和建议。     

Diffusion Properties of Tm3+ in Congruent LiNbO3 Crystal

Diffusion properties of Tm³⁺ in congruent LiNbO₃ crystal have been investigated, together with other two related issues, i.e., Tm³⁺‐doping contribution to refractive index of LiNbO₃ substrate and Li out‐diffusion. Four X‐cut and four Z‐cut congruent LiNbO₃ substrates locally coated with 15–31 nm‐thick Tm‐metal films were annealed in surrounding air under different temperatures of 1030°C–1130°C for different durations of 20–70 h. After anneal, refractive index at Tm³⁺‐doped and Tm³⁺‐free parts of crystal surface was measured at the wavelengths of 1311 and 1553 nm and surface Li₂O contents were evaluated from measured refractive index. The results show that Tm³⁺ doping has a weak effect on substrate index and a small contribution to index increment in waveguide layer in comparison with Ti⁴⁺‐ or Zn²⁺ doping. The Li₂O content at the Tm³⁺‐doped surface equals that at the Tm³⁺‐free surface. The Li out‐diffusion depends mainly on the diffusion temperature. Below 1100°C, the Li out‐diffusion is not measurable. At 1130°C, a 30‐h diffusion procedure may cause 0.2–0.3 mol% slight loss of Li₂O content. Secondary ion mass spectrometry was used to study the Tm³⁺ diffusion properties. The results show that the diffused Tm³⁺ ions in all samples follow a complementary error function profile. From measured Tm³⁺ profiles, characteristic diffusion parameters such as diffusivity, diffusion constant, activation energy, solubility, solubility constant, and heat of solution were obtained and discussed in comparison with the case of Er³⁺ diffusion. In comparison with Er³⁺ diffusion, the Tm³⁺ diffusion shows similar anisotropy and temperature dependence of solubility. In the aspect of diffusivity, under lower temperature the Tm³⁺ has a lower diffusivity than the Er³⁺, and their diffusivity difference reduces with the increased temperature and becomes null at 1130°C.