丰田召回启示录

全球范围丰田八种类型860万辆汽车被召回,引发世界媒体高度关注。丰田代表了21世纪管理趋势,不曾想丰田神话,最后竟然是由丰田自己打破。丰田“召回门”的警示将对所有企业产生深远影响。争抢世界第一,代价有时很昂贵;过分关注成本,产品质量难保证;及时化解危机,态度比技术更重要;美国不想第二,竞争变得很复杂。     

满族服饰文化中的灵物崇拜

文章通过对满族萨满文化的宗教信仰和灵物崇拜的研究,从满族人民的精神文化领域揭示满族服饰的意义,以便更好的传承满族服饰,让满族服饰文化源远流长。     

数据挖掘技术在学生评估中的应用

近几年随着科技和现代教育的发展,数据库和网络技术得到飞速的发展和广泛的应用,智能教学系统也就大量地出现,这样就有大量的数据伴随着出现,而怎样处理这些数据使人们从中获得有用的信息变成一个热门的话题。数据挖掘技术就是将大量数据以一定的方式进行处理,得到对人们有用的信息,来帮助人们学习和预测。将数据挖掘技术引入到教学过程中学生的个人学习素质评估当中,创新性地通过决策树算法和聚类算法相结合的方法对学生数据分析,挖掘潜在的信息资源,找出影响个人综合素质的关键因素及各因素之间的关系,总结优秀学生的个人综合素质的培养方法,弥补不足,提高学生的个人综合素质。     

纳米管合成研究进展

当今纳米科学技术飞速发展，其中纳米管已构成了纳米材料的一个非常重要的类别。本文介绍近几年来由化学键结合的纳米管以及由分子间力形成的一些纳米或具有中观尺度的管状结构材料的合成研究进展。     

高速公路施工区车辆强制换道耗时生存模型

为研究高速公路施工区车辆强制换道行为及其影响因素,采用生存分析中的半参数分析方法建立强制换道耗时的乘法风险率模型.通过无人机拍摄采集高速公路施工区的车辆换道耗时及其影响因素数据,最终确立换道耗时Cox比例风险模型,对换道耗时数据进行Cox回归建模分析.结果表明:近77%的换道车辆在10 s内完成换道;小型车和中型车经养护施工区的换道耗时未发现显著性差别;对于相同的换道耗时,平峰期的累积生存率明显低于高峰期和过渡时期,而高峰期的累积生存率最高.建立的强制换道耗时生存模型可有效的定量分析车型和交通时段对高速公路施工区车辆换道行为的影响,可为高速公路施工区交通管理控制及车辆换道行为建模及仿真奠定一定的理论基础.     

Estimation of access failure probability in D2D underlaid cellular networks

Device-to-Device (D2D) communication can reduce the mobile devices' energy consumption and increase the spectral efficiency in D2D underlaid cellular networks. However, D2D users will interfere with co-channel cellular users, which can lead to cellular communication access failures. There are two reasons for cellular communication access failures: (1)D2D interference and (2)insufficient spectrum resources. To address the absence of research on the performance of cellular services' access in D2D underlaid cellular networks, this paper defines the new services' access failure probability and handoff services' access failure probability to evaluate the effect of both D2D interference and limited resources on cellular communication access. Based on the stochastic geometry and stochastic process, a random network model is presented to estimate the access failure probabilities, which can provide guidelines for network design to ensure cellular services' access. The accuracy of the estimated access failure probability is validated through extensive simulations.     

Fast method for SAR echo simulation of a three-dimensional ground scene

Due to huge calculation of SAR echo simulation of a three-dimensional (3D) ground scene, a fast simulation method is proposed. First, the data of a 3D ground scene are fractionally interpolated based on the Fractional Brownian Motion (FBM) model. Second, the data interpolated are divided into lots of small facets whose precision meets the simulation requirement, the backscattering coefficients of the small facets are calculated. Third, the shaded area is judged by the comparison method of overlook angles. Three parallel levels are analyzed and the kernel function is designed. Finally, the computing method of reduction adding and external thread are also utilized under the framework of GPU in order to get high efficiency. With the methods mentioned above, the imaging result of experimental DEM data verifies the validity and superiority of the proposed method.     

复杂理论视阈下动态课堂场域的控制与自主研究

文章从复杂理论的角度分析了课堂教学过程是一个复杂的动态适应过程,是教师和学生之间的"复杂对话".从而指出课堂教学的动态性和复杂性,要求教师在课堂场域把握教学过程的复杂性、实现目标与教学模式的匹配、拥有必要的理解力和课堂管理技能,帮助学生实现自主学习,并最终实现课堂教学过程的最优化.     

基于MRIO与SNA的中国水资源空间转移网络分析

基于2002年、2007年和2012年的多区域投入产出表的相关数据,利用多区域投入产出(MRIO)模型和社会网络分析法(SNA)分析了中国水资源流动网络的空间关联性和结构特征。结果表明:网络中的链接数量没有随水足迹贸易值的增加而增加,链接路径上的流量不断增加,网络的韧性不够,空间关联渠道有待拓展,存在一定的等级差异,稳定性需要加强;网络中一些省份链接的增加,会削弱其他省份的链接数目,这种可塑性特征有利于在全国范围内合理配置水资源;将网络划分为4个板块,板块间的溢出关系主要是以板块内部为主,且少数板块之间没有任何的溢出关系。     

Super-Planckian thermal radiation enabled by hyperbolic surface phonon polaritons

Excitation of surface resonance modes and presence of resonance-free hyperbolic modes are two common ways to enhance the near-field radiative energy transport, which can find wide applications in noncontact thermal management and energy harvesting. Here, we identify another way to achieve the super-Planckian thermal radiation via hyperbolic surface phonon polaritons (HSPhPs). Based on the fluctuation-dissipation theory, the near-field radiative heat flux between bulk hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) planes with the optical axis perpendicular to the radiative energy flow can be 120 times as large as the blackbody limit for a gap distance of 20 nm. When the film thickness is reduced to 10 nm, the radiative heat flux is found to increase by 26.3%. The underlying mechanism is attributed to the coupling of Type I HSPhPs inside the anisotropic hBN film, which improves the energy transmission coefficient over a broad wavevector space especially for waves with extremely high wavevectors. This work helps to deepen the understanding of near-field radiation between natural hyperbolic materials, and opens a new route to enhance the near-field thermal radiation.